9th century - Events. An unknown event causes the decline of the Maya Classical Era Beowulf might have been written down in this century, though it could also have been in the 8th century Reign of Charlemagne, and concurrent (and controversially labeled) Carolingian Renaissance in western Europe Large-scale Viking attacks on Europe begin, devestating countless numbers of people Oseberg ship burial The Magyars arrive in what is now Hungary, for ...

Including:

• 9th century - Events
• 9th century - Significant people
• 9th century - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 9th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 9th century: Encyclopedia - 9th century

Including:

• 9th century BC - Overview
• 9th century BC - Events
• 9th century BC - Significant persons
• 9th century BC - Inventions discoveries introductions

Read more here: » 9th century BC: Encyclopedia - 9th century BC

807 Abbassid Caliph Harun al-Rashid orders all Jews in the Calipate to wear a yellow belt, with Christians to wear a blue one. 820 After Charlemagne's death in 814, his tolerant policies are terminated. Archbishop of Lyon St. Agobard declares in his essays that Jews are accursed and born to be slaves. He forcibly converts Jewish children, giving them or their parents no choice, for the first time in France. In 826 he issues a series of pamphlets to convince King Louis the Pious to attack "Jewish insolence". 898-929 French king Charles the Simple confiscates Jew ...

See also:

History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books

Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century

The Aramaeans, or Arameans, were a Semitic, seminomadic and pastoralist people who originated and had lived in upper Mesopotamia and Syria. Aramaeans have never had a unified empire; they were divided in independent kingdoms all across the Near East. Yet to these Aramaeans befell the privilege of imposing their language and culture upon the entire Near East and beyond. Scholars even have used the term 'Aramaization' for the Syro-Mesopotamian peoples, languages and cultures that have been made 'Aramean'. Arameans - ...

Including:

• Arameans - Language
• Arameans - History
• Arameans - 14th century BC
• Arameans - 12th century BC
• Arameans - 11th century B.C.
• Arameans - 10th – 9th centuries BC
• Arameans - From 8th century BC
• Arameans - Religion and art
• Arameans - Modern
• Arameans - External references

Read more here: » Arameans: Encyclopedia - Arameans

Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, "Land of the Tamils") is a state at the southern tip of India. The bordering states/territories are Pondicherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The island nation of Sri Lanka, which has a significant Tamil minority, lies off the southeast coast. Tamil Nadu is the second most industrialized state in India. Unlike most other parts of the country, Tamil Nadu gets its rainfall largely from the "North-East monsoon" in the months of October-December. There is a long standing dispute wi ...

Including:

• Tamil Nadu - History
• Tamil Nadu - 1st to 9th centuries
• Tamil Nadu - 9th to 13th centuries
• Tamil Nadu - 14th century
• Tamil Nadu - 17th century
• Tamil Nadu - 20th century
• Tamil Nadu - Politics
• Tamil Nadu - Population
• Tamil Nadu - Culture
• Tamil Nadu - Economy
• Tamil Nadu - Textiles
• Tamil Nadu - Industry & Manufacturing
• Tamil Nadu - Agriculture
• Tamil Nadu - Biotechnology
• Tamil Nadu - Software
• Tamil Nadu - E-Governance
• Tamil Nadu - Social development
• Tamil Nadu - Districts
• Tamil Nadu - Tourism
• Tamil Nadu - Famous Tamilians of Modern era

Read more here: » Tamil Nadu: Encyclopedia - Tamil Nadu

The Bibliotheca was the 9th century work of Byzantine Patriarch Photius, composed of 279 reviews of books which he had read. It was not meant to be used as a reference work, but was widely used as such in the 9th century, and is generally seen as the first Byzantine work that could be called an Encyclopedia. The works he notes are mainly Christian and pagan authors from the 5th century BC to his own time in the 9th ce

Read more here: » Bibliotheca Photius: Encyclopedia - Bibliotheca Photius

Saint George (ca 275/280–April 23, 303) was a soldier of the Roman Empire and later Christian martyr. It is also said that he was the cousin of St. Philopateer Mercurius. Saint George - Traditional origin. The traditional account of his life is considered to have originated in the 4th century, although few hard facts are known. It is said that George was born in a fuller's shop in Epiphania, in Cilicia, to a Christian family during the late 3rd century [1]. His father was from Cappadocia and served as an ...

Including:

• Saint George - Traditional origin
• Saint George - Veneration as a martyr
• Saint George - The legend of George and the Dragon
• Saint George - Later depictions and occurrences
• Saint George - Colours

Read more here: » Saint George: Encyclopedia - Saint George

At the end of the 8th century the popes definitely aspired to independence, and found a way to achieve it by allying with the Carolingian dynasty of the Franks: the Carolingians needed someone who could give legitimacy to a coup against the powerless Merovingian kings, while the popes needed military protection against the Lombards. As a result, in 774 the Franks invaded the Kingdom of Italy and defeated the Lombards, and their leader Charlemagne was proclaimed legitimate king of the Franks by the pope (rex francorum et langobardorum) ...

See also:

Italy in the Middle Ages, Italy in the Middle Ages - Goths Byzantines Lombards 6th-8th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - Rise of the Catholic Church 4th century-8th century, Italy in the Middle Ages - The Holy Roman Empire 9th-10th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - The end of the Middle Ages 11th-14th centuries

Read more here: » Italy in the Middle Ages: Encyclopedia II - Italy in the Middle Ages - The Holy Roman Empire 9th-10th centuries

Main articles: Danelaw, Viking Age, and Alfred the Great 793 is the date given by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the first Viking attack in Britain, at Lindisfarne monastery. However, there is a good chance that other, non-recorded, raids occurred before this. The arrival of the Vikings, in particular their Great Heathen Army, was to seriously upset the political and social geography of Britain and Ireland. Alfred the Great's victory at Edington in 878 stemmed the Viking attack; howeve ...

See also:

History of Anglo-Saxon England, History of Anglo-Saxon England - Sources, History of Anglo-Saxon England - Migration and Formation of Kingdoms 400-600, History of Anglo-Saxon England - Heptarchy and Christianization 600-800, History of Anglo-Saxon England - The Viking Challenge and the Rise of Wessex 9th century, History of Anglo-Saxon England - Formation of England 10th century, History of Anglo-Saxon England - England under the Danes and the Norman Conquest 978-1066

Read more here: » History of Anglo-Saxon England: Encyclopedia II - History of Anglo-Saxon England - The Viking Challenge and the Rise of Wessex 9th century

It appears from their inscriptions as well as from their names, that Aramaeans worshipped Sumero-Akkadian and Canaanite gods, such Haddad, (Adad), the storm-god, El, the supreme deity of Canaan, Sin, Ishtar (whom they called ‘Attar), the Phoenician goddess Anat (‘Atta) and others. The Aramaeans apparently followed the traditions of the country where they settled. The King of Damascus, for instance, employed Phoenician sculptors and ivory-carvers. In tell Halaf-Guzana, the palace of Kapara, an Aramaean ruler (9th century B.C.), was ...

See also:

Arameans, Arameans - Language, Arameans - History, Arameans - 14th century BC, Arameans - 12th century BC, Arameans - 11th century B.C., Arameans - 10th – 9th centuries BC, Arameans - From 8th century BC, Arameans - Religion and art, Arameans - Modern, Arameans - External references

Read more here: » Arameans: Encyclopedia II - Arameans - Religion and art

It appears from their inscriptions as well as from their names, that Aramaeans worshipped Sumero-Akkadian and Canaanite gods, such Haddad, (Adad), the storm-god, El, the supreme deity of Canaan, Sin, Ishtar (whom they called ‘Attar), the Phoenician goddess Anat (‘Atta) and others. The Aramaeans apparently followed the traditions of the country where they settled. The King of Damascus, for instance, employed Phoenician sculptors and ivory-carvers. In tell Halaf-Guzana, the palace of Kapara, an Aramaean ruler (9th century B.C.), was ...

See also:

Arameans, Arameans - Language, Arameans - History, Arameans - 14th century BC, Arameans - 12th century BC, Arameans - 11th century BC, Arameans - 10th – 9th centuries BC, Arameans - From 8th century BC, Arameans - Religion and art, Arameans - Modern, Arameans - External references

Read more here: » Arameans: Encyclopedia II - Arameans - Religion and art

Italy was invaded by the Visigoths in the 5th century, and Rome was sacked by Alaric in 410. By the end of the century the peninsula was mostly under Ostrogothic control, and the last Western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustus, was deposed in 476 by Odoacer. On February 25, 493 Theodoric the Great defeated Odoacer and became the king of the Ostrogoths and moved the capital to Ravenna. The eastern half of the Empire, now centred on Constantinople, invaded Italy in the early 6th century, and the generals of emperor Justinian, Belisar ...

See also:

Italy in the Middle Ages, Italy in the Middle Ages - Goths Byzantines Lombards 6th-8th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - Rise of the Catholic Church 4th century-8th century, Italy in the Middle Ages - The Holy Roman Empire 9th-10th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - The end of the Middle Ages 11th-14th centuries

Read more here: » Italy in the Middle Ages: Encyclopedia II - Italy in the Middle Ages - Goths Byzantines Lombards 6th-8th centuries

Tamil Nadu's recorded history dates back about 6000 years and the origin of its people is closely tied to the debates of the Aryan invasion theory. Those who uphold this theory favour the view that the Tamils belong to the Dravidian race and were part of the early Indus Valley settlers. But recent historical evidence questions the Aryan invasion theory. Tamil Nadu was constituted by various kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, Chera, t ...

See also:

Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu - History, Tamil Nadu - 1st to 9th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 9th to 13th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 14th century, Tamil Nadu - 17th century, Tamil Nadu - 20th century, Tamil Nadu - Politics, Tamil Nadu - Population, Tamil Nadu - Culture, Tamil Nadu - Economy, Tamil Nadu - Textiles, Tamil Nadu - Industry & Manufacturing, Tamil Nadu - Agriculture, Tamil Nadu - Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu - Software, Tamil Nadu - E-Governance, Tamil Nadu - Social development, Tamil Nadu - Districts, Tamil Nadu - Tourism, Tamil Nadu - Famous Tamilians of Modern era

Read more here: » Tamil Nadu: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Nadu - History

Tamil Nadu had a bicameral legislature until 1986, when it was replaced with a unicameral legislature, like most other states in India. Number of Lok Sabha Constituencies : 39 Number of Assembly Constituencies  : 234 Regional parties have dominated state politics since 1967. One of the earliest regional parties was the South Indian Welfare Association, which was founded in 1916. It came to be known as the "Justice Party" after the name of its ...

See also:

Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu - History, Tamil Nadu - 1st to 9th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 9th to 13th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 14th century, Tamil Nadu - 17th century, Tamil Nadu - 20th century, Tamil Nadu - Politics, Tamil Nadu - Population, Tamil Nadu - Culture, Tamil Nadu - Economy, Tamil Nadu - Textiles, Tamil Nadu - Industry & Manufacturing, Tamil Nadu - Agriculture, Tamil Nadu - Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu - Software, Tamil Nadu - E-Governance, Tamil Nadu - Social development, Tamil Nadu - Districts, Tamil Nadu - Tourism, Tamil Nadu - Famous Tamilians of Modern era

Read more here: » Tamil Nadu: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Nadu - Politics

The Dravidian movement, which began in Tamil Nadu, claimed to uplift the socially repressed classes, but drew its main support from the middle castes. Educating the people and eradicating superstitions were some of their objectives. They had a commitment to social justice which led to the expansion of reservation for the middle castes (or other backward classes - OBCs) and the lower castes and tribes (the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes). Today many of India's premier educational institutions such as IIT-Madras, Chennai; Anna Universit ...

See also:

Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu - History, Tamil Nadu - 1st to 9th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 9th to 13th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 14th century, Tamil Nadu - 17th century, Tamil Nadu - 20th century, Tamil Nadu - Politics, Tamil Nadu - Population, Tamil Nadu - Culture, Tamil Nadu - Economy, Tamil Nadu - Textiles, Tamil Nadu - Industry & Manufacturing, Tamil Nadu - Agriculture, Tamil Nadu - Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu - Software, Tamil Nadu - E-Governance, Tamil Nadu - Social development, Tamil Nadu - Districts, Tamil Nadu - Tourism, Tamil Nadu - Famous Tamilians of Modern era

Read more here: » Tamil Nadu: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Nadu - Social development

Under his son and successor Olof, surnamed Skötkonung, Christianity was fully established in Sweden. Olaf Tryggvason, the king of Norway, had married his sister Ingibiorg to Ragnvald, earl of Westrogothia, on condition that he should receive baptism, and the Swedish king’s wife was also a Christian, though he himself was not baptized until 1008 by Sigfrid at Husaby. A quarrel arose in the last years of the 10th century between Olaf Skötkonung and Olaf Tryggvason. The latter had applied for the hand of Sigrid, the widow of Eric the Victor ...

See also:

Early Swedish history, Early Swedish history - 9th century, Early Swedish history - 10th century, Early Swedish history - Christianization and struggle for power, Early Swedish history - The first union of Sweden and Norway, Early Swedish history - Kalmar Union

Read more here: » Early Swedish history: Encyclopedia II - Early Swedish history - Christianization and struggle for power

Main article: Districts of Tamil Nadu There are 30 Districts in Tamil Nadu, with Krishnagiri District being the 30th with headquarters at Krishnagiri, by bifurcating the Dharmapuri district Chennai Coimbatore Cuddalore Dharmapuri Dindigul Erode Kanchipuram Kanyakumari Karur Krishnagiri Madurai Nagapattinam Namakkal Perambalur Pudukkottai Ramanathapuram Salem Sivaga ...

See also:

Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu - History, Tamil Nadu - 1st to 9th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 9th to 13th centuries, Tamil Nadu - 14th century, Tamil Nadu - 17th century, Tamil Nadu - 20th century, Tamil Nadu - Politics, Tamil Nadu - Population, Tamil Nadu - Culture, Tamil Nadu - Economy, Tamil Nadu - Textiles, Tamil Nadu - Industry & Manufacturing, Tamil Nadu - Agriculture, Tamil Nadu - Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu - Software, Tamil Nadu - E-Governance, Tamil Nadu - Social development, Tamil Nadu - Districts, Tamil Nadu - Tourism, Tamil Nadu - Famous Tamilians of Modern era

Read more here: » Tamil Nadu: Encyclopedia II - Tamil Nadu - Districts

The following is a list of sources that specifically use, describe, or discuss the word "Khuzestan". Almost all are Arabic. Origin of the name Khuzestan - 9th century and before. Khwarizmi's Mafatih Al-ulum. The poetry of Al-Muzraji ibn Kulab, 699. (المضرجي بن کلاب) Al-masalik wa al-mamalik by Abul Qasim Ubaidullah ibn Abdullah ibn Khurdad-bih a.k.a Istakhri, 864. I'laq al-nafisah (اعلاق النفيسه) by Abu Ali Ahmad ibn Umar ...

See also:

Origin of the name Khuzestan, Origin of the name Khuzestan - Khuzestan origins, Origin of the name Khuzestan - Arabistan, Origin of the name Khuzestan - Supporting Documentation, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 9th century and before, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 10th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 11th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 12th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 13th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 14th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 15th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 16th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 17th century, Origin of the name Khuzestan - 18th century and after, Origin of the name Khuzestan - Some references

Read more here: » Origin of the name Khuzestan: Encyclopedia II - Origin of the name Khuzestan - Supporting Documentation

The Church (and especially the bishop of Rome, the pope) had played an important political role since the times of Constantine, who tried to include it in the imperial administration. In the politically unstable situation after the fall of the western empire, the Church often became the only stable institution and the only source of learning. Even the barbarians had to rely on clerics in order to administrate their conquests. Furthermore, the catholic monastic orders, such as the Benedictines had a maj ...

See also:

Italy in the Middle Ages, Italy in the Middle Ages - Goths Byzantines Lombards 6th-8th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - Rise of the Catholic Church 4th century-8th century, Italy in the Middle Ages - The Holy Roman Empire 9th-10th centuries, Italy in the Middle Ages - The end of the Middle Ages 11th-14th centuries

Read more here: » Italy in the Middle Ages: Encyclopedia II - Italy in the Middle Ages - Rise of the Catholic Church 4th century-8th century

3rd century BCE: Manetho, a Hellenistic Egyptian chronicler and priest, alleges that Moses was not a Jew, but an Egyptian renegade priest called Osarseph, and portrays the Exodus as the expulsion of a leper colony. 175 BCE-165 BCE: Antiochus Epiphanes sacks Jerusalem, calls Judaism "inimical to humanity", prohibits brit milah, confiscates copies of Torah and erects an altar to Zeus in the Second Temple after plundering it. (See also Maccabees, Hanukkah) 2nd century BCE: Mnaseas of Patros, a Greek author, reports that the Jews worship a donkey's head in the Holy of Holies. Thi ...

See also:

History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books

Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews