889

Boris I Michail or Boris I Michael (Bulgarian Борис I Михаил)(died May 2, 907) was the khan from 852 to 889 and first Christian ruler of Bulgaria. Michael became part of his name after his baptism in 864. He was son of Khan Presijan of Bulgaria. Boris kept the borders of his country essentially unchanged with diplomacy and alliances with the Frankish king Charles the Bald, Prince Rostislav of Moravia, the Byzantine Emperor Michael III, and eventually King Louis the German even though suffering defeats. ...

Including:

• Boris I of Bulgaria - Resources

Read more here: » Boris I of Bulgaria: Encyclopedia - Boris I of Bulgaria

The Archbishopric of Cologne was one of the major ecclesiastical principalities of the Holy Roman Empire. Cologne is the ancient Roman city of Colonia Agrippina. It became a free city in 1288 and the residence of the Archbishop was moved from Cologne Cathedral to Bonn. Its territories included a strip of territory along the Left Bank of the Rhine east of Jülich, as well as the Duchy of Westphalia on the other side of the Rhine, beyond Berg and Mark. The Archbishop was traditionally one of the Imperial Electors and the Archchancellor of Italy and Burgun ...

Including:

• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops of Colonia Agrippina 88-784
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishops of Cologne 784-1238
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishop-Electors of Cologne 1238-1803
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Modern Archbishops of Cologne 1824-present

Read more here: » Archbishopric of Cologne: Encyclopedia - Archbishopric of Cologne

9th century - Events. An unknown event causes the decline of the Maya Classical Era Beowulf might have been written down in this century, though it could also have been in the 8th century Reign of Charlemagne, and concurrent (and controversially labeled) Carolingian Renaissance in western Europe Large-scale Viking attacks on Europe begin, devestating countless numbers of people Oseberg ship burial The Magyars arrive in what is now Hungary, for ...

Including:

• 9th century - Events
• 9th century - Significant people
• 9th century - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 9th century - Decades and years

Read more here: » 9th century: Encyclopedia - 9th century

The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: Koroška) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. Carinthia duchy - Karantania and medieval dynasties. In the 7th century it was part of the Principality of Karantania, and was part of the empire of Charlemagne from 788 to 843, when it became part of the eastern Frankish kingdom of Louis the German. From 889 to 927 the Mark of Carinthia was pa ...

Including:

• Carinthia duchy - Karantania and medieval dynasties
• Carinthia duchy - Habsburgs
• Carinthia duchy - 20th century
• Carinthia duchy - Dukes of Carinthia
• Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties
• Carinthia duchy - Eppensteiner
• Carinthia duchy - Sponheimer
• Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties
• Carinthia duchy - Gorizia-Tyrol
• Carinthia duchy - Habsburg

Read more here: » Carinthia duchy: Encyclopedia - Carinthia duchy

The Ulaid or Ulaidh (singular Ulad or Uladh) were a Celtic people of Early Ireland who gave their name to the Irish Province of Ulster. They may appear in Ptolemy's 2nd century Geography as the Voluntii. Their capital was traditionally at Emain Macha near modern Armagh. Their territory at its height extended as far south as the River Boyne and as far west as County Leitrim, but by early Christian times they were pressed by the northern Uí Néill and they were reduced to eastern County Down, where they became kno ...

Including:

• Ulaid - Kings of the Ulaid
• Ulaid - Legendary kings
• Ulaid - Historical kings

Read more here: » Ulaid: Encyclopedia - Ulaid

Communes in Europe in the Middle Ages were sworn allegiances of mutual defense (both physical and freedoms) among community members of a town or city. They took many forms, no two were alike in organization or make-up. The Late Latin connotations (con+munitii) are those of possessions, stores and preparations that the community held in common. Medieval commune - Description. During the 10th century in several parts of Western Europe, as populations increased and a money-based eco ...

Including:

• Medieval commune - Description
• Medieval commune - Social order
• Medieval commune - References and further reading

Read more here: » Medieval commune: Encyclopedia - Medieval commune

Caracol or El Caracol is the name given to a large ancient Maya site located in the Cayo District of the nation of Belize. Caracol is about 25 miles south of Xunantunich and San Ignacio Cayo, at an elevation of 1500 feet (460 m) above sea-level, in the foothills of the Maya Mountains. The name is Spanish for "The Snail"; the ancient Maya name may have been Oxhuitza. The site was occupied as early as 12 ...

Including:

• Caracol - Known rulers of Caracol
• Caracol - Modern history of Caracol

Read more here: » Caracol: Encyclopedia - Caracol

List of Castilian monarchs - Elective Counts. These counts were not hereditary, they were the representatives of the Asturian king in the eastern march of his realm. Rodrigo (850-873) Diego Rodríguez Porcelos (873-885) Several counties until 932 Nuño Núñez I de Castrogeriz (889-909) Nuño Núñez II de Amaya (909-915) Ferdinand Díaz (909-923) Gonzalo Fernández de Lara (912-920), father of Fernán González (see below) Nuño ...

See also:

List of Castilian monarchs, List of Castilian monarchs - Counts of Castile, List of Castilian monarchs - Elective Counts, List of Castilian monarchs - House of Lara, List of Castilian monarchs - Kings of Castile, List of Castilian monarchs - Jiménez Dynasty, List of Castilian monarchs - House of Burgundy, List of Castilian monarchs - House of Trastámara

Read more here: » List of Castilian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Castilian monarchs - Counts of Castile

Rudolf, after defeating Ottokar and becoming King of Germany, gave Carinthia to Meinhard II of Gorizia-Tyrol. In 1335, after the death of Henry, the last male of this line, Carinthia passed to the Habsburg family who ruled it until 1918. As the other component parts of the Habsburg monarchy, Carinthia remained a semi-autonomous state with its own constitutional structure for a long time. The Habsburgs divided up their territories within the family twice, in the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg and again in 1564. Each time, the Duchy of Carinthia became part of Inner Austria an ...

See also:

Carinthia duchy, Carinthia duchy - Karantania and medieval dynasties, Carinthia duchy - Habsburgs, Carinthia duchy - 20th century, Carinthia duchy - Dukes of Carinthia, Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties, Carinthia duchy - Eppensteiner, Carinthia duchy - Sponheimer, Carinthia duchy - Various dynasties, Carinthia duchy - Gorizia-Tyrol, Carinthia duchy - Habsburg

Read more here: » Carinthia duchy: Encyclopedia II - Carinthia duchy - Habsburgs

According to one theory, the Pechenegs originated from the Wusun people of Central Asia, recorded in Chinese chronicles in the early centuries of the modern era. Whatever the truth of this, the Pechenegs emerge in the historical records only in the 8th and 9th centuries, inhabiting the region between the lower Volga, the Don, and the Ural Mountains. By the 9th-10th centuries AD they controlled much of the steppes of southwestern Eurasia and the Crimean Peninsula. Although an important factor in the region at the time, like most nomadic tribes their concept of statecraft failed to go beyond random attacks on neighbour ...

See also:

Pecheneg, Pecheneg - Origins and Area, Pecheneg - Alliance with Byzantium, Pecheneg - History and Decline

Read more here: » Pecheneg: Encyclopedia II - Pecheneg - Origins and Area

During the 10th century in several parts of Western Europe, as populations increased and a money-based economy emerged, peasants who wished to leave the oppressive life of serfdom gravitated towards newly emerging walled towns and the comparative freedoms and opportunities of commerce. Such townspeople needed physical protection from lawless nobles and bandits, part of the motivation for gathering behind communal walls. The walled city represented protection, but once a townsman left the city walls, he (for women scarcely travelled) w ...

See also:

Medieval commune, Medieval commune - Description, Medieval commune - Social order, Medieval commune - References and further reading

Read more here: » Medieval commune: Encyclopedia II - Medieval commune - Description

The first historical Přemyslid was Duke Bořivoj I, baptised in 874 by Saint Methodius. In 895, Bohemia gained independence from the Great Moravia. Between 1003 and 1004, Bohemia was controlled by Boleslaus the Brave, Duke of Poland from the Piast dynasty, grand-son of Boleslaus I the Cruel. In 1086, Duke Vratislaus II, and, in 1158, Duke Vladislaus II, were crowned King of Bohemia as a personal award from the Holy Roman Emperor. The title, however, was not hereditary. Bořivoj I (c.870–889) Spytihněv I (895� ...

See also:

Přemyslid dynasty, Přemyslid dynasty - Legendary rulers, Přemyslid dynasty - Dukes of Bohemia, Přemyslid dynasty - Kings of Bohemia, Přemyslid dynasty - Kings of Bohemia and Poland, Přemyslid dynasty - Family tree, Přemyslid dynasty - Family tree of Elizabeth of Bohemia + Jagellonians + Habsburgs

Read more here: » Přemyslid dynasty: Encyclopedia II - Přemyslid dynasty - Dukes of Bohemia

Recent historical research has shown that the Mongols, who destroyed Nanzhao in 1253 and made the area a province of their empire -- naming it Yunnan --exercised a decisive political influence in the middle Mekong Valley for the better part of a century. In 1271 Panya Lang, founder of a new dynasty headed by rulers bearing the title panya (lord), began his rule over a fully sovereign Muang Sua. In 1286 Panya Lang's son, Panya Khamphong, was involved in a coup d'etat that was probably instigated by the Mongols and that exiled his father. Upon his f ...

See also:

Early history of Laos, Early history of Laos - Mongol Influence, Early history of Laos - Reference

Read more here: » Early history of Laos: Encyclopedia II - Early history of Laos - Mongol Influence

Gojoseon, Jin Proto-Three Kingdoms:  Buyeo, Okjeo, Dongye  Samhan, Gaya Three Kingdoms:  Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla Unified Silla, Balhae Later Three Kingdoms Goryeo Joseon Japanese Rule Divided Korea:  N. Korea, S. Korea List of Monarchs When it began with his attack on Gwangju in 892, Gyeon Hwon's was only one among numerous rebellions which sprouted up agai ...

See also:

Hubaekje, Hubaekje - Background, Hubaekje - Internal affairs, Hubaekje - Military affairs, Hubaekje - Diplomatic ties, Hubaekje - Fall

Read more here: » Hubaekje: Encyclopedia II - Hubaekje - Background

Hudson postulates Giric mac Dúngail and his brother Causantin mac Dúngail as Cenél Loairn rulers (of Moray).11 However, there is little strong evidence for this. Giric was recorded as being killed by the Men of Fortriu. If that is understood to be southern Pictland, then this would fit with Hudson's suggestion. However, Fortriu did not mean that. Mormaer of Moray - Morggán. In the Genelaig Albanensium, a list of early 11th century Scottish genealogies consistently appended to the Senc ...

See also:

Mormaer of Moray, Mormaer of Moray - Status of Moray, Mormaer of Moray - Origins, Mormaer of Moray - Fortriu, Mormaer of Moray - Early Rulers of the North, Mormaer of Moray - Emergence of Muireb, Mormaer of Moray - Morggán, Mormaer of Moray - Cellach, Mormaer of Moray - Break With Alba, Mormaer of Moray - Comparative Moravian and Scottish Genealogies, Mormaer of Moray - Book of Deer, Mormaer of Moray - Dynasty of Ruaidrí: Findláech to Óengus, Mormaer of Moray - List of Mormaers, Mormaer of Moray - Bibliography, Mormaer of Moray - Primary sources, Mormaer of Moray - Secondary sources

Read more here: » Mormaer of Moray: Encyclopedia II - Mormaer of Moray - Emergence of Muireb

Main article: Funan. At about the time that Western Europe was absorbing the classical culture and institutions of the Mediterranean, the people of mainland and insular Southeast Asia were responding to the stimulus of a civilization that had arisen in northern India during the previous millennium. The Indianization of Southeast Asia happened as a consequence of the increasing trade in the Indian Ocean. Vedic and Hindu religion, political thought, literature, mythology, and artistic motifs gradually became integral elements in ...

See also:

Early history of Cambodia, Early history of Cambodia - Prehistory and early kingdoms, Early history of Cambodia - Funan, Early history of Cambodia - Chenla, Early history of Cambodia - Angkor

Read more here: » Early history of Cambodia: Encyclopedia II - Early history of Cambodia - Funan

The Japanese calendars prior to 1873 were derived from the Chinese. Japan adopted the Chinese calendar in 645. To convert a Japanese year to a Western year, find the first year of the nengō (=era name, see list below). When found, subtract 1, and add the number of the Japanese year. For example, the 23rd year of the Showa Era (Showa 23) would be 1948 ... 1926 − 1 = 1925, then 1925 + 23 = 1948. 645 大化 Taika 650 白雉 Hakuchi (era) 686 朱鳥 Shuchō 701 ...

See also:

Japanese era name, Japanese era name - Overview, Japanese era name - Historical nengō, Japanese era name - Nengō in Modern Japan, Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years, Japanese era name - Unofficial nengō system 私年号

Read more here: » Japanese era name: Encyclopedia II - Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years

The city's economy consists of nearly 1,000 various enterprises, of which 24 are medium-sized employing 2,200 people. The most important industries are machine assembly, semiconductors, injection moulding, magnetics, dyes, and shoe manufacturing. Donaueschingen - Transportation. Donaueschingen is a regional rail hub; four rail lines join in the city. It sits on the Schwarzwaldbahn line from Offenburg to Konstanz and it is the start of the Höllentalbahn from Donaueschingen to Freiburg im Breisgau. Both of ...

See also:

Donaueschingen, Donaueschingen - Geography, Donaueschingen - History, Donaueschingen - Government, Donaueschingen - Economy, Donaueschingen - Transportation, Donaueschingen - Education, Donaueschingen - Partner Cities

Read more here: » Donaueschingen: Encyclopedia II - Donaueschingen - Economy

Tao-Klarjeti - Early history. The history of the region goes back to 3000 BC, i.e. the Bronze Age. In the 1st millennium BC, the area, inhabited by various proto-Georgian tribes, was controlled by the kingdoms of Diaokhi and Colchis. Pharnavaz I, the first ruler of the ancient Georgian state of Iberia (Kartli) included these lands into his kingdom in ca 302 BC. Contested between Iberia and Armenia throughout the following centuries, the region was invaded and completely destroyed by the Arabs in the 7th century. Tao-Klarjeti - Tao-Kl ...

See also:

Tao-Klarjeti, Tao-Klarjeti - History, Tao-Klarjeti - Early history, Tao-Klarjeti - Tao-Klarjeti in the 9th-11th centuries, Tao-Klarjeti - Later history, Tao-Klarjeti - Architecture, Tao-Klarjeti - Bagratid Rulers of Tao-Klarjeti, Tao-Klarjeti - Kartli-line of the Iberian Bagratids, Tao-Klarjeti - Tao-line of the Iberian Bagratids, Tao-Klarjeti - Second House of Tao, Tao-Klarjeti - Klarjeti-line of the Iberian Bagratids, Tao-Klarjeti - Sources

Read more here: » Tao-Klarjeti: Encyclopedia II - Tao-Klarjeti - History

List of Bulgarian monarchs - Legendary rulers. Avitokhol (Attila) (153–453) (according to history, (445–453) Ernakh (453–603) (according to history, (453–503) over Utiguri List of Bulgarian monarchs - Historical persons. Gostun (603–605) over Kutriguri (?–740, 803–997) At times, the reign in the Bulgar lands was split. Kubrat (605–665) over Onogunduri Batbayan (665–668) over Onogunduri Asparukh (668–701) over Utiguri Tervel (701 ...

See also:

List of Bulgarian monarchs, List of Bulgarian monarchs - List of Bulgarian rulers, List of Bulgarian monarchs - Legendary rulers, List of Bulgarian monarchs - Historical persons, List of Bulgarian monarchs - Byzantine rule, List of Bulgarian monarchs - Ottoman rule

Read more here: » List of Bulgarian monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Bulgarian monarchs - List of Bulgarian rulers