6th millennium BC

(7th millennium BC – 6th millennium BC – 5th millennium BC – other millennia) 6th millennium BC - Events. c. 5760 BC – The volcano Puy-de-Dôme erupts. c. 5600 BC – Beginning of the desertification of north Africa, which ultimately lead to the creation of the Sahara desert. It's possible this process pushed some natives into migrating to the region of the Nile in the east, thereby laying the groundwork for the rise of Egyptian civilization. c. 5600 BC – The Red Paint Peop ...

Including:

• 6th millennium BC - Events
• 6th millennium BC - Environmental changes
• 6th millennium BC - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 6th millennium BC - Cultural landmarks

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By 6000 BC predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in ancient Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BC centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, goats, pigs and sheep [2]. Metal objects replaced prior ones of stone [3]. Tanning animal skins, pottery and weaving are commonplace in this era also [4]. There are indications of seasonal or only temporary occupation of the Al Fayyum in the 6th ...

See also:

Predynastic Egypt, Predynastic Egypt - Late Neolithic, Predynastic Egypt - Late Lower Paleolithic, Predynastic Egypt - 6th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - 5th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - 4th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - Timeline

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The aurochs (Bos primigenius) is an extinct European mammal of the Bovidae family. The word aurochs is both singular and plural; alternative plural forms are aurochsen or urus. The animal's original scientific name, Bos primigenius, translated the German term Auerochse or Urochs, literally "primeval ox", or "proto-ox". However, this scientific name is now considered invalid by ITIS, who classify aurochs under Bos taurus, the same species as domestic cattle. However, in 2003, the ...

Including:

• Aurochs - Origin
• Aurochs - Subspecies
• Aurochs - The Worship of aurochs
• Aurochs - Domestication and disappearance
• Aurochs - Other uses of the word 'aurochs'

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These pages contain the trends of millennia and centuries. The individual century pages contain lists of decades and years. See history for different organizations of historical events. See calendar and list of calendars for other groupings of years. For earlier time periods, see cosmological timeline, geologic timescale, evolutionary timeline, pleistocene, and logarithmic timeline. Paleolithic 10th millennium BC | 9th millennium BC | 8th millennium BC 7th millennium BC ...

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(6th millennium BC – 5th millennium BC – 4th millennium BC – other millennia) 5th millennium BC - Events. 4860 BC - Mount Mazama in Oregon collapses, forming a caldera that later fills with water and becomes Crater Lake, the deepest lake in the United States. 4713 BC – The epoch (origin) of the Julian Period described by Joseph Justus Scaliger occurred on January 1, the astronomical Julian day number zero. 4004 BC – The universe is created at nightfall preceding Oct ...

Including:

• 5th millennium BC - Events
• 5th millennium BC - Cultures
• 5th millennium BC - Periods
• 5th millennium BC - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 5th millennium BC - Fictional events

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About 150 arrangements of prehistoric circular ditches are known to archaeologists spread over Germany, Austria and Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Their diameters range from ca. 20 to ca. 130 m, and they date to the 5th millennium BC. Tools, bones, and some artefacts were found in their context. The largest of these arrangements to date was found in Leipzig in the 1990s. Another large find was at the nearby village of Aythra, outside of Leipzig. From finds in the context of these ditches, and associated settlements of longhouses, it ...

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(8th millennium BC – 7th millennium BC – 6th millennium BC – other millennia) 7th millennium BC - Events. Circa 7000 BC – Agriculture and settlement at Mehrgarh in South Asia. Circa 6300 BC – The approximate date man reappears in the area New York. Circa 6000 BC – Neolithic Age in Korea. Circa 6000 BC – First traces of habitation of the Svarthola cave in Norway. 7th millennium BC - Environmental changes. Circa 65 ...

Including:

• 7th millennium BC - Events
• 7th millennium BC - Environmental changes
• 7th millennium BC - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 7th millennium BC - Cultural landmarks

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Alchemy is an early protoscientific and philosophical discipline combining the elements of chemistry, metallurgy, physics, medicine, astrology, semiotics, mysticism, and art. Alchemy has been practiced in ancient Egypt, India, and China, in Classical Greece and Rome, in the Islamic Empire, and then in Europe up to the 19th century — in a complex network of schools and philosophical systems spanning at least 2500 years. The alchemists did not follow what is now known as the scientific method, and much of the "knowledge" they p ...

Including:

• Alchemy - Overview
• Alchemy - Alchemy as a proto-science
• Alchemy - The changing goals of alchemy
• Alchemy - Alchemy and astrology
• Alchemy - Alchemy in the age of science
• Alchemy - Alchemy as a subject of historical research
• Alchemy - Etymology
• Alchemy - History
• Alchemy - Alchemy in Ancient Egypt
• Alchemy - Chinese alchemy
• Alchemy - Indian alchemy
• Alchemy - Alchemy in the Greek world
• Alchemy - Alchemy in the Roman Empire
• Alchemy - Alchemy in the Islamic world
• Alchemy - Alchemy in Medieval Europe
• Alchemy - Alchemy in the Modern Age and Renaissance
• Alchemy - The decline of Western alchemy
• Alchemy - Modern 'alchemy'
• Alchemy - Alchemy in art and entertainment
• Alchemy - Literature
• Alchemy - Music
• Alchemy - Other alchemical pages
• Alchemy - Related and alternative philosophies
• Alchemy - Scientific connections
• Alchemy - Substances of the alchemists
• Alchemy - Other resources

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Life in the People's Republic of China Chinese art is art, whether modern or ancient, that originated in or is practiced in China or by Chinese artists or performers. Early so-called "stone age art" dates back to 10,000 BC, mostly consisting of simple pottery and sculptures. This early period was followed by a series of art dynasties, most of which lasted several hundred years. The art of Taiwan and that of Chinese Emigrants can also be considered part of Chinese art where it is based in or draws on the heritage of Chines ...

Including:

• Chinese art - Historical development to 221 BC
• Chinese art - Neolithic pottery
• Chinese art - Jade culture
• Chinese art - Bronze casting
• Chinese art - Early Chinese music
• Chinese art - Early Chinese poetry
• Chinese art - Chu and Southern culture
• Chinese art - Early imperial China 221 BC–AD 220
• Chinese art - Qin sculpture
• Chinese art - Pottery
• Chinese art - Han poetry
• Chinese art - Han architecture
• Chinese art - Other Han art
• Chinese art - Period of division 220–581
• Chinese art - Influence of Buddhism
• Chinese art - Secular culture
• Chinese art - Poetry
• Chinese art - Calligraphy
• Chinese art - Painting
• Chinese art - The Sui and Tang dynasties 581–960
• Chinese art - Buddhist architecture and sculpture
• Chinese art - Golden age of Chinese poetry
• Chinese art - Li Po and Du Fu
• Chinese art - Late Tang poetry
• Chinese art - Painting
• Chinese art - The Song and Yuan dynasties 960–1368
• Chinese art - Song poetry
• Chinese art - Song painting
• Chinese art - Yuan drama
• Chinese art - Yuan painting
• Chinese art - Late imperial China 1368–1895
• Chinese art - Ming Poetry
• Chinese art - Ming prose
• Chinese art - Ming painting
• Chinese art - Qing drama
• Chinese art - Qing poetry
• Chinese art - Early Qing painting
• Chinese art - Decorative arts
• Chinese art - Qing fiction
• Chinese art - Modern Chinese art
• Chinese art - Painting
• Chinese art - Poetry
• Chinese art - Influence of the West
• Chinese art - People's arts
• Chinese art - Contemporary art since 1979
• Chinese art - Performing arts
• Chinese art - Visual arts
• Chinese art - Unsorted
• Chinese art - Performing arts
• Chinese art - Visual arts

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The plough (American spelling: plow) is a tool used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting. The plough can be regarded as a development of the pick, or of the spade. Ploughs were initially pulled by humans, later by oxen, and later still in some countries, by horses. Modern ploughs are, in industrialized countries, powered by tractors. Ploughing has several beneficial effects. The major reason for ploughing is to turn over the upper layer of the soil. This may also in ...

Including:

• Plough - History of the plough
• Plough - The modern plough
• Plough - Plough parts
• Plough - Other uses

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The word civilization (or civilisation) has a variety of meanings related to human society. The term comes from the Latin civis, meaning "citizen" or "townsman". Civilization - Senses of the word. Civilization - 1: Literal and technical definitions. By the most minimal, literal definition, a civilization is a complex society. Technically, anthropologists distinguish civilizations in which many of the people live in cities and get their food from agriculture, ...

Including:

• Civilization - Senses of the word
• Civilization - 1: Literal and technical definitions
• Civilization - 2: Broader sense
• Civilization - 3: Human society as a whole
• Civilization - 4: A standard of behavior
• Civilization - 5: Superior vs. less complex societies
• Civilization - What characterizes civilization
• Civilization - Civilization as a cultural identity
• Civilization - Civilizations as complex systems
• Civilization - The future of civilizations
• Civilization - Negative views of civilization
• Civilization - Problems with the term civilization
• Civilization - Early civilizations
• Civilization - Mesopotamia
• Civilization - Egypt
• Civilization - India
• Civilization - China

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The exact time and place of the first development of the potter's wheel is uncertain. Suggested dates range from as early as the 6th millennium BC to the as late as the 24th century BC. Many modern scholars suggest development in Mesopotamia, although Egypt and China have also been claimed as the potter's wheel's place of origin. In any case, use became widespread in the early civilizations of the Bronze age. The earliest versions of the wheel were simply turned slowly by hand or foot while coiling a pot. Later developments allowed the wheel to keep rotating as a flywheel, allowing more s ...

See also:

Potter's wheel, Potter's wheel - History, Potter's wheel - The potter's wheel in myth and legend, Potter's wheel - The potter's wheel in literature, Potter's wheel - Crankshaft

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Evidence indicates human habitation in the southwestern corner of Egypt, near the Sudan border, before 8000 BC. Climate changes and/or overgrazing around 8000 BC began to desiccate the pastoral lands of Egypt, eventually forming the Sahara (c. 2500 BC), and early tribes naturally migrated to the Nile river where they developed a settled agricultural economy and more centralized society. There is evidence of pastoralism and cultiva ...

See also:

Predynastic Egypt, Predynastic Egypt - Late Neolithic, Predynastic Egypt - Late Lower Paleolithic, Predynastic Egypt - 6th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - 5th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - 4th millennium BC, Predynastic Egypt - Timeline

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Also, the existence of an MRCA does not imply any sort of population bottleneck or first couple. The MRCA of everyone alive today co-existed with a large human population, most of whom either have no living descendants today or else are ancestors of almost everyone alive today. Most recent common ancestor - Patrilineal and matrilineal ancestry. The most recent common patrilineal ancestor of all living male humans, and the most recent common matrilineal ancestor of all living female humans have been ...

See also:

Most recent common ancestor, Most recent common ancestor - MRCA of two individuals, Most recent common ancestor - MRCA of all living humans, Most recent common ancestor - Patrilineal and matrilineal ancestry, Most recent common ancestor - Time estimates

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Irrigation - Flood furrow irrigation. Ditches can be dug with hand tools, turned with a plow pulled by an animal or tractor, or precisely fashioned using laser-guided instruments depending on economic and physical factors such as the size of the field, the types of technology available, and the cost of manpower. Plants are grown in raised beds or listed rows. Water is distributed throughout the field via canals, unlined ditches, or furrows, between the rows or beds by use of rigid gated plastic or aluminum pipe, ...

See also:

Irrigation, Irrigation - Overview, Irrigation - Types of irrigation, Irrigation - Flood furrow irrigation, Irrigation - Terracing, Irrigation - Overhead sprinkler irrigation, Irrigation - Center pivot irrigation, Irrigation - Lateral move Side roll Wheel line irrigation, Irrigation - Drip or trickle irrigation, Irrigation - Subirrigation, Irrigation - How an irrigation system works, Irrigation - History of irrigation, Irrigation - Problems in irrigation

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Homo erectus and Neanderthals settled Europe long before the emergence of modern humans, Homo sapiens. The bones of first Europeans are found in Dmanisi, Georgia, dated 2,000,000 BC. The earliest appearance of anatomically modern people in Europe has been dated to 35,000 BC. Evidence of permanent settlement dates from the 7th millennium BC in Bulgaria, Romania and Greece. The Neolithic reached Central Europe in the 6th millennium BC and parts of Northern Europe in the 5th and 4th millennium BC. There is no prehistoric culture t ...

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History of Europe, History of Europe - The origins, History of Europe - The Greeks, History of Europe - Rome, History of Europe - Early Middle Ages, History of Europe - High Middle Ages, History of Europe - Later Middle Ages, History of Europe - Renaissance and Reformation, History of Europe - Colonial expansion, History of Europe - Early Modern period: 16th 17th and 18th century, History of Europe - The English Civil War and Unification with Scotland, History of Europe - English Commonwealth, History of Europe - Act of Union, History of Europe - The French Revolution, History of Europe - Napoleonic Wars, History of Europe - Congress of Vienna, History of Europe - The 19th century, History of Europe - Early 20th century: the World Wars, History of Europe - Late 20th century: the Cold War, History of Europe - Early 21st century: the European Union, History of Europe - Histories of present-day territories, History of Europe - Sources, History of Europe - Recommended reading

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main article: Ancient Near East Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 9th millennium BC Beginning of the Neolithic time period of the Holocene epoch. Agriculture in Mesopotamia Domestication of sheep and goats in the Middle East Circa 8350 BC – Neolithic settlement at Jericho Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 8th millennium BC. Circa 8000 BC–Settlements at Nevali Cori in present-day Turkey are established.

The term "Red Paint" stems from the extensive use of ocher pigments found at various gravesites. The finding of similar sites and artifacts in Europe from the same period led scientists to consider the possibility that the Red Paint People existed within a broader North Atlantic cultural tradition. Although now in disfavor, the idea, if true, lends credence to the theory that the Norsemen, under Eric the Red, Leif Ericsson, and Western Europeans, such as St. Brendan, John Cabot, and Christopher Columbus, may all have had previous knowle ...

See also:

Red Paint People, Red Paint People - Red Paint Identity, Red Paint People - Technology

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The earliest known civilizations (as defined in the traditional sense) arose in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq, the Nile valley of Egypt, the Indus Valley region of modern-day Pakistan, and the Huang He (Yellow River) valley of China, while smaller civilizations arose in Elam in modern-day Iran, and on the island of Crete in the Aegean Sea. The inhabitants of these areas built cities, created writing systems, learned to make pottery and use metals, domesticated animals, and created complex social structures with class systems. ...

See also:

Civilization, Civilization - Senses of the word, Civilization - 1: Literal and technical definitions, Civilization - 2: Broader sense, Civilization - 3: Human society as a whole, Civilization - 4: A standard of behavior, Civilization - 5: Superior vs. less complex societies, Civilization - What characterizes civilization, Civilization - Civilization as a cultural identity, Civilization - Civilizations as complex systems, Civilization - The future of civilizations, Civilization - The Fall of Civilisations, Civilization - Negative views of civilization, Civilization - Problems with the term civilization, Civilization - Early civilizations, Civilization - Mesopotamia, Civilization - Egypt, Civilization - India, Civilization - China

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Sahara - Cattle Period. The domestication of the pig (see [1]) in the Sahara and ancient Egypt has been cited as a likely primary contributor to the desertification of the Sahara (see Sahara Desert (ecoregion)). By 6000 BC predynastic Egyptians in the southwestern corner of Egypt were herding cattle and constructing large buildings. Subsistence in organized and permanent settlements in predynastic Egypt by the middle of the 6th millennium BC centered predominantly on cereal and animal agriculture: cattle, ...

See also:

Sahara, Sahara - Overview, Sahara - History, Sahara - Cattle Period, Sahara - Berber Period

Read more here: » Sahara: Encyclopedia II - Sahara - History