3 John

The Biblical canon is an exclusive list of books written during the formative period of the Jewish or Christian faiths; the leaders of these communities believed these books to be inspired by God or to express the authoritative history of the relationship between God and his people (although there may have been secondary considerations as well). There are differences between Christians and Jews, as well as between different Christian traditions, over which books meet the standards for canonization. The different criteria for, and the process of, canonization for each community dictates what ...

Including:

• Biblical canon - Canonic texts in Jewish and Christian traditions
• Biblical canon - Jewish canon
• Biblical canon - Samaritan canon
• Biblical canon - Christian canon
• Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant
• Biblical canon - Selected Evangelicals
• Biblical canon - Modern interpretation of canonization
• Biblical canon - Latter-day Saint Scripture
• Biblical canon - Footnotes

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Pope Benedict XVI (Latin: Benedictus PP. XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; Spanish: Benedicto XVI; French: Benoît XVI), born Joseph Alois Ratzinger (April 16, 1927 in Marktl am Inn, Bavaria, Germany), is the 265th and reigning pope, the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State. He was elected on April 19, 2005, in a papal conclave over which he presided in his capacity as dean of the College of Cardinals. He celebrated his Papal Inauguration Mass on April 24, 2005, and took possession of his cath ...

Including:

• Pope Benedict XVI - Overview
• Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951
• Pope Benedict XVI - Background and childhood 1927–1943
• Pope Benedict XVI - Military service 1943–1945
• Pope Benedict XVI - Education 1946–1951
• Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981
• Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005
• Pope Benedict XVI - Health
• Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal
• Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non Christian religions
• Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima
• Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy
• Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy
• Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name
• Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy
• Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings
• Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments
• Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications
• Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations
• Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing
• Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys
• Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals
• Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities
• Pope Benedict XVI - Notes
• Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals
• Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings
• Pope Benedict XVI - Literature
• Pope Benedict XVI - Biographies

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The Second Epistle of John (normally just called 2nd John or 2 John) is a book of the Bible New Testament. It is the 63rd book of the Bible, and the shortest, weighing in at a mere 13 verses. It is addressed to "the elect lady," and closes with the words, "The children of thy elect sister greet thee;" but some would read instead of "lady" the proper name Kyria. Of the thirteen verses composing this epistle seven are in the First Epistle. The person addressed is c ...

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John the Evangelist (? - c. 110; יוחנן "The LORD is merciful", Standard Hebrew Yoḥanan, Tiberian Hebrew Yôḥānān) is the name used to refer to the author of the Gospel of John. Tradition has identified him with John the Apostle and with John of Patmos, the author of the Book of Revelation. Numerous modern scholars dispute that these were the same person (see authorship of the Johannine works). The author of this Gospel is also sometimes presumed to be the author of other books in the New Testamen ...

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Saint Irenaeus (ca. 130-202) was bishop of Lugdunum in Gaul, which is now Lyons, France. He is recognized as a saint by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church, and his writings were formative in the early development of Christian theology. His feast day is June 28. The Catholic Church considers him a Father of the Church. He was a disciple of Polycarp, who himself was a disciple of John the Evangelist. Irenaeus - Biography. Irenaeus is thought to have been a Greek from Polycarp's hometown ...

Including:

• Irenaeus - Biography
• Irenaeus - Writings
• Irenaeus - Irenaeus' Theology
• Irenaeus - References and Links

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John is a common given name for males. See John (name) for the etymology and versions in other languages. John - New Testament. In the context of the New Testament, the name typically refers to one of the following: Gospel of John John the Baptist John the Apostle, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus. John the Evangelist, to whom the Gospel of John is attributed, often along with 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Revelation. He was traditionally identified with the apostle, ...

Including:

• John - New Testament
• John - Popes
• John - Antipopes
• John - Emperors kings and other rulers
• John - Saints
• John - Other uses of the name John

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In the context of the New Testament, the name typically refers to one of the following: Gospel of John John the Baptist John the Apostle, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus. John the Evangelist, to whom the Gospel of John is attributed, often along with 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Revelation. He was traditionally identified with the apostle, but today most scholars doubt this identification. There are a great many other histori ...

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John, John - New Testament, John - Popes, John - Antipopes, John - Emperors kings and other rulers, John - Saints, John - Other uses of the name John

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The various Syriac translations of the Bible are rooted in the Jewish translations of the Old Testament into Aramaic (Targums). They were brought by Jewish and Christian preachers into the Syriac heartland (Osrhoene and Adiabene) during the first two centuries of the Christian era. The Aramaic Targums clearly exerted an influence on later translation of both the Old and New Testaments. The earliest New Testament translation into Syriac was Tatian's Diatessaron ('one through four'). The Diatessaron, written about 165 AD, was a continuo ...

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Peshitta, Peshitta - The name 'Peshitta', Peshitta - History of the Syriac versions, Peshitta - Content and style of the Peshitta, Peshitta - Modern developments, Peshitta - Appendices, Peshitta - References, Peshitta - External links

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Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant. When Christianity began: it had no well-defined set of scriptures outside of the Septuagint1. The New Testament refers to the "Law and Prophets", for example the Gospel of Luke 24:44-45 records Jesus stating: "written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms... the scriptures." The earliest Christian canon is found in the Bryennios manuscript, published by J.-P. Audet in JTS[2] 195 ...

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Biblical canon, Biblical canon - Canonic texts in Jewish and Christian traditions, Biblical canon - Jewish canon, Biblical canon - Samaritan canon, Biblical canon - Christian canon, Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant, Biblical canon - Modern Evangelicals, Biblical canon - Modern interpretation of canonization, Biblical canon - Latter-day Saint Scripture, Biblical canon - Footnotes

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Saint John - Place names including the spellings Saint Johns and Saint John's. Saint John - Antigua and Barbuda. St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda Saint John - Canada. Saint John in Saint John County, New Brunswick Saint John (electoral district) federal electoral district in Canada. St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador St. Johns and Fort St-Jean, former name of Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec St. Johns riding, a riding in North Winnipeg. St. Joh ...

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Saint John, Saint John - Saints, Saint John - Other, Saint John - Places, Saint John - Place names including the spellings Saint Johns and Saint John's, Saint John - Antigua and Barbuda, Saint John - Canada, Saint John - United Kingdom, Saint John - United States, Saint John - Other countries, Saint John - Organizations and institutions, Saint John - Church of England Schools, Saint John - Other, Saint John - In other languages

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Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy. On January 2, 2005, Time magazine quoted unnamed Vatican sources as saying that Ratzinger was a frontrunner to succeed John Paul II should the pope die or become too ill to continue as pope. On the death of John Paul II, the Financial Times gave the odds of Ratzinger becoming pope as 7–1, the lead position, but close to his rivals on the liberal wing of the church. In April 2005, before his election as pope, he was identified as one of the 100 mo ...

See also:

Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non-Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings

Read more here: » Pope Benedict XVI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy

Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant. When Christianity began: it had no well-defined set of scriptures outside of the Septuagint1. The New Testament refers to the "Law and Prophets", for example the Gospel of Luke 24:44 records Jesus stating: "written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms". The earliest Christian canon is found in the Bryennios manuscript, published by J.-P. Audet in JTS[2] 1950, v1, pp 135-154, da ...

See also:

Biblical canon, Biblical canon - Canonic texts in Jewish and Christian traditions, Biblical canon - Jewish canon, Biblical canon - Samaritan canon, Biblical canon - Christian canon, Biblical canon - Orthodox Catholic and Protestant, Biblical canon - Selected Evangelicals, Biblical canon - Modern interpretation of canonization, Biblical canon - Latter-day Saint Scripture, Biblical canon - Footnotes

Read more here: » Biblical canon: Encyclopedia II - Biblical canon - Christian canon

Saint John - Saints. John the Apostle, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus John the Evangelist, traditionally identified with the apostle, to whom the Gospel of John is attributed, often along with 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Revelation. Saint John the Baptist, also known as John of Jerusalem Saint John Chrysostom (347-407), Archbishop of Constantinople Saint John Cassian (c. 360-433) Saint John I, Pope John I (523-526) Saint John of Ephesus ...

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Saint John, Saint John - People, Saint John - Saints, Saint John - Other, Saint John - Places, Saint John - Place names including the spellings Saint Johns and Saint John's, Saint John - Antigua and Barbuda, Saint John - Canada, Saint John - United Kingdom, Saint John - United States, Saint John - Other countries, Saint John - Organizations and institutions, Saint John - Church of England Schools, Saint John - Other, Saint John - In other languages

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Irenaeus wrote a number of books, but the most important that survives is the five-volume On the Detection and Overthrow of the So-Called Gnosis, normally referred to as Adversus Haereses (English: Against Heresies). Only fragments in its original Greek exist, but a complete copy exists in a wooden Latin translation, made shortly after its publication in Greek, and Books IV and V are present in a literal Armenian translation. The purpose of Against Heresies is to refute the teachings of various gnostic groups. Until the discovery of the Library of Nag Hammadi in 1945, Against Heresies was the best ...

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Irenaeus, Irenaeus - Biography, Irenaeus - Writings, Irenaeus - Irenaeus' Theology

Read more here: » Irenaeus: Encyclopedia II - Irenaeus - Writings

Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy. On January 2, 2005, Time magazine quoted unnamed Vatican sources as saying that Ratzinger was a frontrunner to succeed John Paul II should the pope die or become too ill to continue as pope. On the death of John Paul II, the Financial Times gave the odds of Ratzinger becoming pope as 7–1, the lead position, but close to his rivals on the liberal wing of the church. In April 2005, before his election as pope, he was identified as one of the 100 mo ...

See also:

Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Background and childhood 1927–1943, Pope Benedict XVI - Military service 1943–1945, Pope Benedict XVI - Education 1946–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Notes, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings, Pope Benedict XVI - Literature, Pope Benedict XVI - Biographies

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Joseph Alois Ratzinger was born on 16th April, Holy Saturday, 1927 at Schulstrasse 11, his parents' home in Marktl am Inn, Bavaria. He was baptized the same day. He was the third and youngest child of Joseph Ratzinger, Sr., a police officer, and Maria Ratzinger (née Peintner). Pope Benedict's brother, Georg, a priest and former director of the Regensburger Domspatzen choir, is still alive. His sister, Maria Ratzinger, who never married, managed Cardinal Ratzinger's household until her death in 1991. The pope's relatives agree that his pries ...

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Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non-Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings

Read more here: » Pope Benedict XVI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951

Pope Benedict XVI was elected pope at the age of 78. He is the oldest person to have been elected pope since Clement XII in 1730. He served longer as a cardinal before being elected pope than did any pope since Benedict XIII (elected 1724). He is the ninth German pope, the last being the Dutch-German Adrian VI (1522–1523). The last pope named Benedict was Benedict XV, an Italian who reigned from 1914 to 1922, during World War I. Born in Bavaria, Germany, Benedict had a distinguished career as a university theologian before being app ...

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Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non-Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings

Read more here: » Pope Benedict XVI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Benedict XVI - Overview

The central point of Irenaeus' theology is the unity of God, in opposition to the Gnostics' division of God into a number of divine "Aeons", and their distinction between the "High God" and the wicked "Demiurge" who created the world. Irenaeus uses the Logos theology he inherited from Justin Martyr, but prefers to speak of the Son and the Spirit as the "hands of God". Christ, for him, is the invisible Father made visible. His emphasis on the unity of God is reflected in his corresponding emphasis on the unity of salvation history. Ire ...

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Irenaeus, Irenaeus - Biography, Irenaeus - Writings, Irenaeus - Irenaeus' Theology, Irenaeus - References and Links

Read more here: » Irenaeus: Encyclopedia II - Irenaeus - Irenaeus' Theology

Ratzinger became a professor at the University of Bonn in 1959; his inaugural lecture was on "The God of Faith and the God of Philosophy." In 1963, he moved to the University of Münster, where his inaugural lecture was given in a packed lecture hall, as he was already well known as a theologian. At the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), Ratzinger served as a peritus or theological consultant to Josef Cardinal Frings of Cologne, Germany, and has continued to defend the council, including Nostra Aetate, the document on respec ...

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Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non-Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings

Read more here: » Pope Benedict XVI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981

On November 25, 1981, Pope John Paul II named Ratzinger Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, formerly known as the Holy Office, the historical Inquisition. Consequently, he resigned his post at Munich in early 1982. He was promoted with the College of Cardinals to become to Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni in 1993, was made the College's vice-dean in 1998 and dean in 2002. In office, Ratzinger fulfilled his institutional role, defending and reaffirming official Catholic doctrine, including teaching on topics suc ...

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Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Benedict XVI - Overview, Pope Benedict XVI - Early life 1927–1951, Pope Benedict XVI - Early church career 1951–1981, Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005, Pope Benedict XVI - Health, Pope Benedict XVI - Response to sex abuse scandal, Pope Benedict XVI - Dialogue with non-Christian religions, Pope Benedict XVI - Ratzinger and Fatima, Pope Benedict XVI - Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Election to the Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Choice of name, Pope Benedict XVI - Early days of Papacy, Pope Benedict XVI - Teachings, Pope Benedict XVI - Curial appointments, Pope Benedict XVI - Beatifications, Pope Benedict XVI - Canonizations, Pope Benedict XVI - Revival of traditional papal clothing, Pope Benedict XVI - Apostolic journeys, Pope Benedict XVI - Encyclicals, Pope Benedict XVI - Pastoral Activities, Pope Benedict XVI - Books and theological writings

Read more here: » Pope Benedict XVI: Encyclopedia II - Pope Benedict XVI - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 1981–2005