337 BC

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC - 340s BC - 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC Years: 345 BC 344 BC 343 BC 342 BC 341 BC - 340 BC - 339 BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 340 BC - Events. Battle of the Crimissus - Timoleon defeats the Carthaginian invaders of Sicily Rhodes falls to Persian forces The Latin War began when Rome's Latin allies and colonies, joined by the Campanians, attempted to overthrow Roman rule 340 BC - Births. ...

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Anuradhapura is an ancient capital of Sri Lanka, famous for its monuments and architecture. It is situated in the North-central province of Sri Lanka. The very first kingdom in Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura was made the country's capital by King Pandukabhaya (reigned c. 437 BC - 367 BC, although some sources also state 337 BC-305 BC). The word "Anuradhapura" is derived from Anuradha, which is the name of one of king vijaya's chief ministers, whose special charge was this city, and " ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC - 340s BC - 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 346 BC 345 BC 344 BC 343 BC 342 BC 341 BC 340 BC 339 BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 341 BC - Events. Egypt: End of Thirtieth Dynasty. End of Egyptian independence. 341 BC - Births. Epicurus, Hellenistic Greek philosopher (born Samos) Including:

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC Years: 340 BC 339 BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC - 335 BC - 334 BC 333 BC 332 BC 331 BC 330 BC 335 BC - Events. Alexander the Great destroys Thebes Aristotle founds the Lyceum, his school of philosophy Marcus Valerius Corvus is elected consul of the Roman Republic for the fourth time

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 390s BC - 380s BC - 370s BC - 360s BC - 350s BC - 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC - 300s BC - 290s BC 347 BC 346 BC 345 BC 344 BC 343 BC 342 BC 341 BC 340 BC 339 BC 338 BC 337 BC 342 BC - Events. Battle of Mount Gaurus: Roman general Marcus Valerius Corvus defeats the Samnites Alexander I becomes king of Epirus Battle of Maling: In the course of the Warring States Period in ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC - 333 BC - 332 BC 331 BC 330 BC 329 BC 328 BC Events Alexander the Great continues his campaign in Asia Minor, capturing the port cities of Caria, Lycia, and Pamphylia before turning inland to Gordium in Phrygia, where famously cuts the Gordian Knot. A Persian naval counteroffens ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 333 BC - 332 BC - 331 BC 329 BC 328 BC 327 BC 326 BC Events Alexander the Great conquers Tyre after a seven-month siege, destroying Persian naval power. Alexander receives the submission of the Jews. Alexander conquers Gaza after another siege. Alexander the Great occupies Egypt.

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC Years: 344 BC 343 BC 342 BC 341 BC 340 BC - 339 BC - 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 339 BC - Events. Battle of Vesuvius: Romans under Publius Decius Mus was almost overwhelmed by the Latin League, his colleague Manlius and most of their army was saved, however, by Decius's bravery and sacrifice in his forlorn hope charge against the Latins, the result was a drawn battle. Including:

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC Years: 339 BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 333 BC 332 BC 331 BC 330 BC 330s BC - Events and trends. Alexander the Great leads the army of Macedon in a successful campaign to conquer the Persian Empire. Pytheas of Massilia describes the Polar ice, aurora and midnight sun, but is mocked and disbelieved ...

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Shen was chiefly concerned with government administration through the use of bureaucracy. His system required a strong ruler at the center. Shen Buhai believed that the ideal ruler should remain distant from his officials, keeping his innermost thoughts secret and maintaining an independence of thought. According to Shen, the ruler needed to be the loneliest person in the world. To Shen Buhai, the greatest threat to a ruler's power came from within. He believed that threats from powerful, independent ministers to usurp power were more ...

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Shen Buhai, Shen Buhai - Philosophy, Shen Buhai - Historiography, Shen Buhai - Shenzi, Shen Buhai - External link

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When the territories of the state were extended beyond the limits of Italy, new praetors were made. Thus two praetors were created in 227 BC, for the administration of Sicily and Sardinia, and two more were added when the two Spanish provinces were formed in 197 BC. When there were six praetors, two stayed in the city, and the other four went abroad. The Senate determined their provinces, which were distributed among them by lot. After the discharge of his judicial functions in the city, a Praetor often had the administration of a province w ...

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Praetor, Praetor - Definition, Praetor - Praetorship, Praetor - First Praetor, Praetor - Second Praetor, Praetor - Praetor Urbanus, Praetor - Additional Praetors and their Duties, Praetor - Judicial Functions, Praetor - Criminal Trials, Praetor - Recent Praetors, Praetor - Miscellaneous

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The word "hegemon" originated in ancient Greece, and derives from the word hegeisthai (meaning "to lead"). An early example of hegemony during ancient Greek history occurred when Sparta became the hegemon of the Peloponnesian League in the 6th century BC. Later, in 337 BC, Philip II of Macedon became the personal Hegemon of the League of Corinth, a position he passed on to his son Alexander the Great. In ancient China during the Eastern Zhou dynasty the Zhou kings appointed hegemons (known as "Ba"). This was due to the increasi ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Born in Pella, Philip was the youngest son of King Amyntas III and Eurydice. In his youth, (ca. 368 BC–365 BC) Philip was a hostage in Thebes, which was the most prominent city of Greece at that time. During his captivity in Thebes, Philip received a military and diplomatic education from Epaminondas, was involved in a pederastic relationship with Pelopidas and lived with Pammenes, who was an enthusiastic advocate of the Sacred Band of Thebes. In 364 BC, Philip returned to Macedonia. The deaths of Philip's elder brothers, King Alexander II ...

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Philip II of Macedon, Philip II of Macedon - Life, Philip II of Macedon - Philip's assassination, Philip II of Macedon - Archaelogical findings

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The word "hegemon" originated in ancient Greece, and derives from the word hegeisthai (meaning "to lead"). An early example of hegemony during ancient Greek history occurred when Sparta became the hegemon of the Peloponnesian League in the 6th century BC. Later, in 337 BC, Philip II of Macedon became the personal Hegemon of the League of Corinth, a position he passed on to his son Alexander the Great. In ancient China during the Western Zhou dynasty the Zhou kings appointed hegemons (known as "Ba"). This was due to the increasi ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival

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Geopolitics influences hegemonies. Ancient hegemonies developed in fertile river valleys (an example of hydraulic despotism): Egypt, China and the succession of states in Mesopotamia. In China during the Warring States Era the state of Qin artificially created waterways (such as the Chengkuo Canal) in order to give itself an advanatge over its neighbouring rival states. Hegemonic successor states in Eurasia tended to cluster around the Middle East for a period, utilising either the sea (Greece) or the fringe lands (Persia, Arabia). The focus ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Conrad Phillip Kottak, in Window on Humanity (2004), explains hegemony in terms of ideologies that offer explanations about why the existing order is in everyone's interest. Many things are promised, but are said to take time and patience in order for them to happen. One good way to keep the people away from oppression would be by telling people that they will eventually gain power in the near future. In most cultures it is seen that the young respect their parents; therefore they let their elders decide what they want to do be ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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Theories of hegemony attempt to explain how dominant groups or individuals (known as hegemons) can maintain their power -- the capacity of dominant classes to persuade subordinate ones to accept, adopt and internalize their values and norms. Antonio Gramsci devised one of the best-known accounts of hegemony. His theory defined the State by a mixture of coercion and hegemony, between which he drew distinctions; according to Gramsci, hegemony consists of political power that flows from intellectual and moral leadership, authority or c ...

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Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival

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Shen Buhai was criticized by both Confucians and Legalists. Unlike the Confucians, he never mentioned virtue; unlike the Shang Yang wing of the Legalists, he never mentioned Fa (Law). The Confucian Xun Zi strongly criticized Shen Buhai's emphasis on secrecy and lack of trust in ministers. The legalist Han Fei criticized Shen for paying too much attention to methodology at the expense of laws. Although Shen Buhai was later linked inseparably with the Legalists, it was Hanfei who merged the ideas of Shen Buhai with those of Shang Yang. ...

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Shen Buhai, Shen Buhai - Philosophy, Shen Buhai - Historiography, Shen Buhai - Shenzi, Shen Buhai - External link

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Theories of hegemony attempt to explain how dominant groups or individuals (known as hegemons) can maintain their power -- the capacity of dominant classes to persuade subordinate ones to accept, adopt and internalize their values and norms. Antonio Gramsci devised one of the best-known accounts of hegemony. His theory defined the State by a mixture of coercion and hegemony, between which he drew distinctions; according to Gramsci, hegemony consists of political power that flows from intellectual and moral leadership, authority or c ...

See also:

Hegemony, Hegemony - Theories of hegemony, Hegemony - Hegemonies in history, Hegemony - Geography of hegemonies, Hegemony - Resistance and Survival, Hegemony - Hegemony, Hegemony - Power, Hegemony - Other

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The Praetorship was originally a kind of third consulship, and the chief functions of the praetor were a portion of the functions of the consuls, who according to Cicero, were also called judices a judicando. The praetorship was at first given to a consul of the preceding year as appears from Livy. L. Papirius was praetor after being consul. The praetor sometimes commanded the armies of the state; and while the consuls were absent with the armies, he exercised their functions within the city. He was a Magistratus Curulis and he had th ...

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Praetor, Praetor - Definition, Praetor - Praetorship, Praetor - First Praetor, Praetor - Second Praetor, Praetor - Praetor Urbanus, Praetor - Additional Praetors and their Duties, Praetor - Judicial Functions, Praetor - Criminal Trials, Praetor - Recent Praetors, Praetor - Miscellaneous

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