316 BC

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 321 BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC 316 BC - Events. Cassander, the Macedonian Regent, besieges Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, in Pydna. Cassander soon captures the city, kills Olympias, and regains custody of the young king Alexander IV and his mother Roxane. T ...

Including:

• 316 BC - Events
• 316 BC - Births
• 316 BC - Deaths

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Ba (巴) was an ancient state in eastern Sichuan, China. Its original capital was Zhi (Fuling), Chongqing. Ba was conquered by Qin in 316 BC. Ba ruled over a highly diverse population. Ba territory originally included areas in the Han River valley; the ascendance of Chu pushed Ba westwards and further into the Sichuan basin. Chu expansion forced Ba to move its capital several times, with its final capital at Langzhong. During the Warring States Period, Qin, Chu and Shu, all more powerful states, shared a common border with Ba. Although Chu sometimes encroached on Ba territory, Ba shared a complex relationsh ...

Including:

• Ba state - Ba culture

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Battle of Gabiene (316 BC) was a second great battle (after Paraitacene) between Antigonus and Eumenes in the wars of the diadochi (successors of Alexander the Great). Though the battle was inconclusive, Eumenes was later betrayed to Antigonus by his own soldiers and Antigonus had him executed. ...

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War elephants were important, although not widespread, weapons in ancient military history. Their main use was in charges, to trample the enemy and/or break their ranks. War elephants were exclusively male animals, because they were faster, more aggressive, and the females had a tendency to run away from other females. War elephant - History. Elephant taming began in the Indus valley around 4,000 years ago. Taming is not used here as a synonym of domestication. Domesticated animals, such as cows or dogs, ar ...

Including:

• War elephant - History
• War elephant - Tactical use
• War elephant - Battles
• War elephant - War elephants in popular culture
• War elephant - External link

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Chongqing (Simplified: 重庆; Traditional: 重慶; Hanyu Pinyin: Chóngqìng; Wade-Giles: Ch'ung-ch'ing; Postal System Pinyin: Chungking) is the largest and most populous of the People's Republic of China's four provincial-level municipalities, and the only one in the less densely populated western half of China. The municipality of Chongqing has a population of 32,355,000 (2004), most of them living outside of the urban area of Ch ...

Including:

• Chongqing - History
• Chongqing - Subdivisions
• Chongqing - Geography
• Chongqing - Economy
• Chongqing - Climate
• Chongqing - Astronomical phenomena
• Chongqing - Landmarks
• Chongqing - City tree
• Chongqing - Colleges and Universities
• Chongqing - Miscellaneous

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Chengdu (Chinese: 成都; Hanyu Pinyin: Chéngdū; Wade-Giles: Ch'eng-tu) is the capital of Sichuan province and a sub-provincial city, located in southwest China, and bordering Tibet. Its exact location is between 102°54' - 104°53' east longitude and 30°5' - 31°26' north latitude. Chengdu has an area of 12 300 km². The GDP per capita was ¥20625 (ca. US$2503) in ...

Including:

• Chengdu - Population
• Chengdu - History
• Chengdu - Alias
• Chengdu - Colleges and universities
• Chengdu - Music
• Chengdu - Astronomical phenomena

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The Warring States Period (traditional Chinese: 戰國時代, simplified Chinese: 战国时代 pinyin Zhànguó Shídài) takes place from sometime in the 5th century BC to the unification of China by Qin in 221 BC. It is nominally considered to be the second part of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, following the Spring and Autumn Period. Like the Spring and Autumn Period, the king of Zhou acted merely as a figurehead. The name Warring States Period was named after Record of the Warring States compiled in early Han Dynasty. The ...

Including:

• Warring States Period - Partition of Jin
• Warring States Period - Change of Government in Qi
• Warring States Period - Early strife in the Three Jins Qi and Qin
• Warring States Period - Shang Yang's reforms in Qin
• Warring States Period - Ascension of the Kingdoms
• Warring States Period - Chu expansion and defeats
• Warring States Period - The Domination of Qin and the resulting Grand Strategies
• Warring States Period - Zhao's military reforms
• Warring States Period - Qin's conquest of China
• Warring States Period - Films set in the Warring States Period

Read more here: » Warring States Period: Encyclopedia - Warring States Period

Antigonus I Cyclops or Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed", so called from his having lost an eye) (382 BC - 301 BC) was a Macedonian nobleman, general, and satrap under Alexander the Great. He was a major figure in the Wars of the Diadochi after Alexander's death. He established the Antigonid dynasty and declared himself King in 306 BC. Antigonus was appointed governor of Greater Phrygia in 333 BC, and in the division of the provinces after Alexander's death in 323 BC he also received Pamphylia and Lycia from Perdiccas, regen ...

Including:

• Antigonus I Monophthalmus - External link

Read more here: » Antigonus I Monophthalmus: Encyclopedia - Antigonus I Monophthalmus

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 323 BC 322 BC 321 BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC Events Spring - beginning of the Second War of the Diadochi. In Greece, Antipater's son Cassander revolts against his father's chosen successor as regent, Polyperchon. Cassander allies with Ptolemy, the governor of Egypt, and Antigonus, the commander ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 322 BC 321 BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC Events Spring - In the Second War of the Diadochi, Eumenes, whose authority is rejected by Seleucus, Satrap of Babylon, moves east to Susa. Spring - Cassander secures his control of both Athens, where he installs Demetrius of Phaleron as his ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC Years: 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC - 312 BC - 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC Events In the Wars of the Diadochi, Ptolemy meets a force under Antigonus's son Demetrius at Gaza, where they fight an inconclusive battle. Ptolemy proceeds to invade Syria, but withdraws when Antigonus himself arrives with reinfor ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 324 BC 323 BC 322 BC 321 BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC Events Spring - Antigonus, Macedonian commander in Asia, defeats the outlaw Eumenes in Asia Minor, driving Eumenes into the East. Summer - Death of the Macedonian regent Antipater. He makes his colleague, the elderly Polyperchon, his successor as regent, in preference to his own son Cassander. Ptolemy laun ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC --- Events The Third War of the Diadochi erupts in the Mediterranean and Near East. Antigonus, the ruler of Asia, faces a coalition consisting of Cassander, the Macedonian regent; Lysimachus, the Satrap of Thrace; and Ptolemy, the Satrap of Egy ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC - 320s BC - 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 326 BC 325 BC 324 BC 323 BC 322 BC - 321 BC - 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC Events The rebellious Macedonian general Craterus is defeated and killed in battle in Asia Minor by Eumenes of Cardia, lieutenant to the Macedonian regent Perdiccas. Perdiccas launches a campaign against Ptolemy, the Satrap of Egypt. ...

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The practice of sati (or suttee[1]) was a funeral custom in which the widow immolated herself alive on her husband’s funeral pyre. The term is derived from the original name of a goddess (see article on Dakshayani), who immolated herself, unable to bear the humiliation of her (living) husband. The term may also be used to refer to the widow herself. The term sati is now sometimes interpreted as 'chaste woman'. Including:

• Sati practice - Origin
• Sati practice - The practice
• Sati practice - Compulsion
• Sati practice - Royal funerals
• Sati practice - Symbolic sati
• Sati practice - Jauhar
• Sati practice - Burials
• Sati practice - Prevalence
• Sati practice - Numbers
• Sati practice - Communities
• Sati practice - Regional variations
• Sati practice - Recent incidence
• Sati practice - Justifications and criticisms
• Sati practice - Law books
• Sati practice - Scriptures
• Sati practice - Counter-arguments within Hinduism
• Sati practice - Non-Hindu views and criticisms
• Sati practice - Suppression
• Sati practice - Mughal period
• Sati practice - British and other European territories
• Sati practice - Modern times
• Sati practice - Influences on art and culture
• Sati practice - Notes

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Seleucus was the son of Antiochus, one of Philip's generals, and of Laodice. In 333 BC, as a young man of about twenty-three, he accompanied Alexander into Asia and won distinction in the Indian campaign of 326 BC. When the Macedonian empire was divided in 323 BC (the "Partition of Babylon"), Seleucus was given the office of chiliarch, which attached him closely to the regent Perdiccas. Subsequently, Seleucus had a hand in the murder o ...

See also:

Seleucus I Nicator, Seleucus I Nicator - Early career & ascent to power, Seleucus I Nicator - Establishing the Seleucid state

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In the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Jin (晉) was arguably the most powerful state in China. However, near the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the power of the ruling family weakened, and Jin gradually came under the control of six large families (六卿). By the beginning of the Warring States Period, after numerous power struggles, there were four families left: the Zhi (智) family, the Wei (魏) family, the Zhao (趙) family, and the Han (韓) family, with the Zhi family being the dominant power in Jin. Zhi Yao (智瑶), t ...

See also:

Warring States Period, Warring States Period - Partition of Jin, Warring States Period - Change of Government in Qi, Warring States Period - Early strife in the Three Jins Qi and Qin, Warring States Period - Shang Yang's reforms in Qin, Warring States Period - Ascension of the Kingdoms, Warring States Period - Chu expansion and defeats, Warring States Period - The Domination of Qin and the resulting Grand Strategies, Warring States Period - Zhao's military reforms, Warring States Period - Qin's conquest of China, Warring States Period - Films set in the Warring States Period

Read more here: » Warring States Period: Encyclopedia II - Warring States Period - Partition of Jin

Sun Bin was recognized for his military brilliance at an early age. Pang Juan, a fellow student who was jealous of Sun Bin, plotted to bring Sun Bin to ruin. Appointed as a minister in Wei, Pang Juan enticed Sun Bin to go to Wei, then plotted to ruin Sun Bin. Sun Bin was mutilated, having his kneecaps removed; bin is a reference to the knees or the practice of mutiliation by removing one's knees. In ancient China, mutilation was an ignominious event and generally caused a person to be shunned by society for life; after the mutilation, Sun Bin's career sh ...

See also:

Sun Bin, Sun Bin - Life, Sun Bin - Sun Bin Bing Fa

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See also Roman military structure. Military history of ancient Rome - Roman army. "The Roman Army" is the name given by English-speakers to the soldiers and other military forces who served the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. The Roman words for the military were often based on the word for one soldier, miles. The army in general was the militia, and a commander of military operations, magister militiae. In the republic, a general might be called imperator, "commander" (as in Caesar imperator), but un ...

See also:

Military history of ancient Rome, Military history of ancient Rome - Institutions, Military history of ancient Rome - Roman army, Military history of ancient Rome - Roman navy, Military history of ancient Rome - Events, Military history of ancient Rome - Patterns of Roman wars, Military history of ancient Rome - List of Roman wars

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Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba that began in 11th century BC, when the Ba people began living here until they were destroyed by the State of Qin in 316 BC. The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州). In 581 AD (Sui Dynasty), Chongqing was renamed to Yu Prefecture (渝州). In 1102, the city was renamed Gong Prefecture. In 1189, when Prince Zhao Dun of the Southern Song Dynasty was first made a king then crowned as Emperor Guangzong, he commented that it was "double/repeated happy celebration" (雙重喜慶), so renamed Yu P ...

See also:

Chongqing, Chongqing - History, Chongqing - Subdivisions, Chongqing - Geography, Chongqing - Economy, Chongqing - Climate, Chongqing - Astronomical phenomena, Chongqing - Landmarks, Chongqing - City tree, Chongqing - Colleges and Universities, Chongqing - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Chongqing: Encyclopedia II - Chongqing - History