310 BC

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC Years: 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC - 310 BC - 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC Events Cassander, the Regent of Macedon, probably has the boy-king Alexander IV and his mother Roxane secretly murdered at some point during this year, although the dead king is still recognized officially for five more years. Anti ...

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Agathocles (361 BC-289 BC), tyrant of Syracuse (317 BC-289 BC) and king of Sicily (304 BC-289 BC). He was born at Thermae Himeraeae (modern name Termini Imerese) in Sicily. The son of a potter who had moved to Syracuse in about 343 BC, he learned his father's trade, but afterwards entered the army. In 333 BC he married the widow of his patron Damas, a distinguished and wealthy citizen. He was twice banished for attempting ...

Including:

• Agathocles - Sources

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Aratus (Greek Aratos) (ca. 315 BC/310 BC – 240 BC) was a Macedonian Greek poet, known for his technical poetry. Aratus - Biography. He was born in Soli in Cilicia, later spending time at the Syrian court of Antiochus I. His principal patron was the Macedonian king Antigonus II Gonatas, whose victory over the Celts in 277 BC Aratus set to verse. He died in the capital of Macedon, Pella (now located in the periphery of Central Macedonia, Greece). Aratus - Writings. Aratus ...

Including:

• Aratus - Biography
• Aratus - Writings
• Aratus - Later influence

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Carthage (from the Phoenician Qart-Hadasht "New City" (written without vowels as QRT HDŠT قرت-حدش or קרת חדשת), was an ancient city in North Africa located on the eastern side of Lake Tunis, across from the center of modern Tunis in Tunisia. It remains a popular tourist attraction. Carthage - Founding of Carthage. In approximately 814 BC, Carthage was founded by Phoenician settlers from the city of Tyre, bringing with them the city-god Melqart. Traditionally, the city was founded ...

Including:

• Carthage - Founding of Carthage
• Carthage - Life in Carthage
• Carthage - Carthaginian Commerce
• Carthage - Carthaginian Government
• Carthage - Carthaginian Religious Practices
• Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans
• Carthage - First Sicilian War
• Carthage - Second Sicilian War
• Carthage - Third Sicilian War
• Carthage - Pyrrhus of Epirus
• Carthage - The Messanan Crisis
• Carthage - The Punic Wars
• Carthage - Roman Carthage
• Carthage - Carthage in fiction

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On the Sizes and Distances [of the Sun and Moon] is the only extant work written by Aristarchus of Samos, an ancient Greek astronomer who lived circa 310 BC - 230 BC. In this work, he calculates the sizes of the Sun and Moon, as well as their distances from the Earth in Earth radii. Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Symbols. His method relied on several very difficult observations: The angle between the sun and moon when the moon is exactly half lit The apparent size of t ...

Including:

• Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Symbols
• Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Half-lit Moon
• Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Lunar eclipse
• Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Results
• Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Works cited

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC Events Battle of Salamis: Demetrius I Poliorcetes defeats the fleet of Menelaeus, brother of Ptolemy I The Second Samnite War escalated when the Umbrians, Picentini, and Marsians joined the war against Rome

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 312 BC 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC Births Deaths Events Segesta is destroyed (but later recovers) Epicureanism, a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus (c. 340†...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC Events It is possibly in this year (or else the year before), that King Alexander IV of Macedon and his mother Roxane is murdered under orders of his Regent Cassander. The Babylonian War between Antigonus and Seleucus ends with the victory of ...

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Aristarchus (310 BC - circa 230 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born in Samos, Greece. He is the first recorded person to propose a heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe (hence he is sometimes known as the "Greek Copernicus"). His astronomical ideas were not well-received and were subordinated to those of Aristotle and Ptolemy, until they were successfully revived an ...

Including:

• Aristarchus - Heliocentrism
• Aristarchus - Size of the Moon
• Aristarchus - Distance to the Sun

Read more here: » Aristarchus: Encyclopedia - Aristarchus

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC 312 BC 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC --- Events The Third War of the Diadochi erupts in the Mediterranean and Near East. Antigonus, the ruler of Asia, faces a coalition consisting of Cassander, the Macedonian regent; Lysimachus, the Satrap of Thrace; and Ptolemy, the Satrap of Egy ...

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC Years: 317 BC 316 BC 315 BC 314 BC 313 BC - 312 BC - 311 BC 310 BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC Events In the Wars of the Diadochi, Ptolemy meets a force under Antigonus's son Demetrius at Gaza, where they fight an inconclusive battle. Ptolemy proceeds to invade Syria, but withdraws when Antigonus himself arrives with reinfor ...

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The first recorded messages in bottles were released around 310 BC by the Ancient Greek philosopher Theophrastus, as part of an experiment to show that the Mediterranean Sea was formed by the inflowing Atlantic Ocean. On his journey back to Spain after discovering the New World, Christopher Columbus's ship entered a severe storm. He threw a report of his discovery along with a note asking it to be passed on to the Queen of Spain, in a sealed cask into the sea, hoping the news would make it back even if he did not survive. It is not ...

See also:

Message in a bottle, Message in a bottle - History, Message in a bottle - Similar methods using other media

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The city lies in a fertile basin at the eastern end of the Ascanian Lake (Turkish: İznik Gölü), bounded by ranges of hills to the north and south. It is situated with its west wall rising from the lake itself, providing both protection from siege from that direction, as well as a source of supplies which would be difficult to cut off. The lake is large enough that it cannot be blockaded from the land easily, and the city was large enough to make any attempt to interdict the boats from sho ...

See also:

Nicaea, Nicaea - Description, Nicaea - History

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Aristarchus began with the observation that, when the moon was exactly half-lit, it forms a right triangle with the Sun and Moon. By observing one of the other angles in this right triangle, Aristarchus could deduce the ratio of the distances to the Sun and Moon using trigonometry. From the diagram and trigonometry, it follows that The diagram is greatly exaggerated, because in reality, S = 390L, and φ is extremely close to a r ...

See also:

Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances, Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Symbols, Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Half-lit Moon, Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Lunar eclipse, Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Results, Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Works cited

Read more here: » Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances: Encyclopedia II - Aristarchus On the Sizes and Distances - Half-lit Moon

The only work of Aristarchus which has survived to the present time, On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon, is based on a geocentric worldview. We know through citations, however, that Aristarchus wrote another book in which he advanced an alternative hypothesis of the heliocentric model. Archimedes wrote: "You King Gelon are aware the 'universe' is the name given by most astronomers to the sphere the centre of which is the center of the Earth, while its radius is equal to the straight line between the center of ...

See also:

Aristarchus, Aristarchus - Heliocentrism, Aristarchus - Size of the Moon, Aristarchus - Distance to the Sun

Read more here: » Aristarchus: Encyclopedia II - Aristarchus - Heliocentrism

Carthage - First Sicilian War. Carthage's success led to the creation of a powerful navy to discourage both pirates and rival nations. This, coupled with its success and growing hegemony, brought Carthage into increasing conflict with the Greeks, the other major power contending for control of the central Mediterranean. The island of Sicily, lying at Carthage's doorstep, became the arena on which this conflict played out. From their earliest days, both the Greeks and Phoenicians had been attracted to the l ...

See also:

Carthage, Carthage - Founding of Carthage, Carthage - Life in Carthage, Carthage - Carthaginian Commerce, Carthage - Carthaginian Government, Carthage - Carthaginian Religious Practices, Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans, Carthage - First Sicilian War, Carthage - Second Sicilian War, Carthage - Third Sicilian War, Carthage - Pyrrhus of Epirus, Carthage - The Messanan Crisis, Carthage - The Punic Wars, Carthage - Roman Carthage, Carthage - Carthage in fiction

Read more here: » Carthage: Encyclopedia II - Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans

The city lies in a fertile basin at the eastern end of the Ascanian Lake (Turkish: İznik Gölü), bounded by ranges of hills to the north and south. It is situated with its west wall rising from the lake itself, providing both protection from siege from that direction, as well as a source of supplies which would be difficult to cut off. The lake is large enough that it cannot be blockaded from the land easily, and the city was large enough to make any attempt to interdict the boats from shor ...

See also:

Iznik, Iznik - Description, Iznik - History

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Aratus' principal work, the Phaenomena ("Appearances"), versifies one or more works of Eudoxus of Cnidus. In 1,154 hexameters he lays bare the names and movements of the heavenly bodies, and the significance of various weather signs. Technical description is primary, but mythical digressions are frequent. The second half, on weather signs, has sometimes circulated under the title Diosemeia ("Signs from Zeus"), but was not originally separate. Aratus also wrote a number of other poems, many of a ...

See also:

Aratus, Aratus - Biography, Aratus - Writings, Aratus - Later influence

Read more here: » Aratus: Encyclopedia II - Aratus - Writings

In approximately 814 BC, Carthage was founded by Phoenician settlers from the city of Tyre, bringing with them the city-god Melqart. Traditionally, the city was founded by Dido (or Elissa) (Dido fled from Tyre after her younger brother killed her husband to become the ruler), and a number of foundation myths have survived through Greek and Roman literature. (See Byrsa for one example.) In 509 BC a treaty was signed between Carthage and Rome indicating a division of influence and commercial activities. It is the first known source that indicated Cart ...

See also:

Carthage, Carthage - Founding of Carthage, Carthage - Life in Carthage, Carthage - Carthaginian Commerce, Carthage - Carthaginian Government, Carthage - Carthaginian Religious Practices, Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans, Carthage - First Sicilian War, Carthage - Second Sicilian War, Carthage - Third Sicilian War, Carthage - Pyrrhus of Epirus, Carthage - The Messanan Crisis, Carthage - The Punic Wars, Carthage - Roman Carthage, Carthage - Carthage in fiction

Read more here: » Carthage: Encyclopedia II - Carthage - Founding of Carthage

In approximately 814 BC, Carthage was founded by Phoenician settlers from the city of Tyre, bringing with them the city-god Melqart. Traditionally, the city was founded by Dido, and a number of foundation myths have survived through Greek and Roman literature. (See Byrsa for one example.) Carthage's early years were defined by a long rivalry between the maritime and landholding families. In general, due to the city's dependence on maritime trade, the maritime faction controlled the government, and during the 6th century BC, Carthage b ...

See also:

Carthage, Carthage - Founding of Carthage, Carthage - Life in Carthage, Carthage - Carthaginian Commerce, Carthage - Carthaginian Government, Carthage - Carthaginian Religious Practices, Carthage - Conflict with the Greeks and Romans, Carthage - First Sicilian War, Carthage - Second Sicilian War, Carthage - Third Sicilian War, Carthage - Pyrrhus of Epirus, Carthage - The Messanan Crisis, Carthage - The Punic Wars, Carthage - Roman Carthage, Carthage - Carthage in fiction

Read more here: » Carthage: Encyclopedia II - Carthage - Founding of Carthage