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301 BC | A Wisdom Archive on 301 BC | | 301 BC A selection of articles related to 301 BC | |
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301 BC, 301 BC
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 301 BC | | | |  301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexualityAlexander's greatest emotional attachment is generally considered to have been to his companion, cavalry commander (chiliarchos) and probable lover, Hephaestion. They had most likely been best friends since childhood for Hephaestion too received his education at the court of Alexander's father. Hephaestion makes his appearance in history at the point when Alexander reaches Troy. There the two friends made sacrifices at the shrines of the two heroes Achilles and Patroclus, Alexander honoring Achilles, and Hephaestion honoring Patroclus ...
See also:Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Timeline, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Note Read more here: » Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Early life Alexander was the son of King Philip II of Macedon and of Epirote princess Olympias. According to Plutarch (Alexander 3.1,3), Olympias was impregnated not by Philip, who was afraid of her and her affinity for sleeping in the company of snakes, but by Zeus. Plutarch (Alexander 2.2-3) relates that both Philip and Olympias dreamt of their son's future birth. Olympias dreamed of a loud burst of thunder and of lightning striking her womb. In Philip's dream, he sealed her womb with the seal of the lion. Alarmed by this, he consulted the seer Aristander of Telmessus, who determined that his wife was pregnant and ...
See also:Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Timeline, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Note Read more here: » Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Early life |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Stoicism - History Stoicism first appeared in Athens in the Hellenistic period around 301 BC and was introduced by Zeno of Citium. He taught in the famous stoa poikile (the painted porch) from which his philosophy got its name. Central to his teachings was the law of morality being the same as nature. During its initial phase it was generally seen as a back-to-nature movement critical of superstitions and taboos. The philosophical detachment also encompassed pain and misfortune, good or bad experiences, as well as life or death. Zeno often challenged prohibitions, traditions and customs. Another tenet was the emphasis ...
See also:Stoicism, Stoicism - History, Stoicism - Stoic ethics and virtues, Stoicism - Spiritual exercise, Stoicism - Stoic physics, Stoicism - Brotherhood, Stoicism - Quotations, Stoicism - Spiritual descendants, Stoicism - Books Read more here: » Stoicism: Encyclopedia II - Stoicism - History |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media The Seleucid Empire is one of a number of factions in the 2004 PC game Rome: Total War.
The Jewish revolt Maccabee who expelled the Seleucid, are given name to an Israel Basketball team from Tel Aviv in present day.
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See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Ancient sources The ancient sources for Alexander's life are, from the perspective of ancient history, relatively numerous. Alexander himself left only a few inscriptions and some letter-fragments of dubious authenticity, but a large number of his contemporaries wrote full accounts. The key contemporary historians are considered Callisthenes, his general Ptolemy, Aristobulus, Nearchus and Onesicritus. Another influential account was penned by Cleitarchus, who, while not a direct witness of Alexander's expedition, used the sources which had just been publish ...
See also:Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Timeline, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Note Read more here: » Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Ancient sources |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire By 100 BC, the once formidable Seleucid Empire encompassed little more than Antioch and some Syrian cities. Despite the clear collapse of their power, and the decline of their kingdom around them, nobles continued to play kingmakers on a regular basis, with occasional intervention from Ptolemaic Egypt and other outside powers. The Seleucids existed solely because no other nation wished to absorb them -- seeing as they constituted a useful buffer between their other neighbours. In the wars in Anatolia between Mithridates VI of Pontus and Sulla of Ro ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend Alexander was a legend in his own time. His court historian Callisthenes portrayed the sea in Cilicia as drawing back from him in proskynesis. Writing after Alexander's death, another participant, Onesicritus, went so far as to invent a tryst between Alexander and Thalestris, queen of the mythical Amazons. When Onesicritus read this passage to his patron, Alexander's general and later King Lysimachus, Lysimac ...
See also:Alexander the Great, Alexander the Great - Early life, Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedonia, Alexander the Great - Period of conquests, Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire, Alexander the Great - The invasion of India, Alexander the Great - After India, Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality, Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela, Alexander the Great - Infantry, Alexander the Great - Cavalry, Alexander the Great - Death, Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire, Alexander the Great - Timeline, Alexander the Great - Alexander's character, Alexander the Great - Stories and legends, Alexander the Great - Ancient sources, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend, Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources, Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander, Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media, Alexander the Great - Note Read more here: » Alexander the Great: Encyclopedia II - Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Stoicism - History Stoicism first appeared in Athens in the Hellenistic period around 301 BC and was introduced by Zeno of Citium. He taught in the famous stoa poikile (the painted porch) from which his philosophy got its name. Central to his teachings was the law of morality being the same as nature. During its initial phase it was generally seen as a back-to-nature movement critical of superstitions and taboos. The philosophical detachment also encompassed pain and misfortune, good or bad experiences, as well as life or death. Zeno often challenged prohibitions, traditions and customs. Another tenet was the emphasis ...
See also:Stoicism, Stoicism - History, Stoicism - Stoic ethics and virtues, Stoicism - Spiritual exercise, Stoicism - Stoic physics, Stoicism - Brotherhood, Stoicism - Quotations, Stoicism - Books Read more here: » Stoicism: Encyclopedia II - Stoicism - History |
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| | | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain Nevertheless, even before Seleucus' death, the vast eastern domains of the Seleucids were proving difficult to assert control over. Seleucus had invaded India (modern Punjab in northern India and Pakistan) in 304 BC, leading to conflict with the Mauryan empire ruled by Chandragupta Maurya. It is said that Chandragupta fielded an army of 100,000 men and 9,000 war elephants, and forced Seleucus to conclude an alliance and give him his daughter in marriage. In exchange Chandragupta gave him no less than 500 elephants, an addition to his army ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain |
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| | | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media The Seleucid Empire is one of a number of factions in the 2004 PC game Rome: Total War.
The Jewish Maccabees, who expelled the Seleucid, are the name of a beer and several sports teams (including basketball and football) in Israel as of 2006.
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See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival By the time Antiochus II's son Seleucus II Callinicus came to the throne around 246 BC, the Seleucids seemed to be at a low ebb indeed. Aside from the secessions of Parthia and Bactria, Seleucus II was soon dramatically defeated in the Third Syrian War against Ptolemy III of Egypt, then had to fight a civil war against his own brother Antiochus Hierax. In Asia Minor too, the Seleucid dynasty seemed to be losing control -- Gauls had fully established themselves in Galatia, semi-independent semi-Hellenized kingdoms had sprung up in Bithynia, Pontus, and Cappadocia, and the city of Pergamum in the west wa ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - Establishment and history On the establishment of the Roman republic the government of the state was entrusted to two consuls, that the citizens might be the better protected against the tyrannical exercise of the supreme power. But it was soon felt that circumstances might arise in which it was of importance for the safety of the state that the government should be vested in the hands of a single person, who should possess absolute power for a short time, and from whose decisions there should be no appeal to any other body. Thus it came to pass that in 501 BC, nine years after the expulsion of th ...
See also:Roman dictator, Roman dictator - Establishment and history, Roman dictator - Powers and abilities, Roman dictator - Magister Equitum, Roman dictator - Replacement of the dictatorate, Roman dictator - A new dictatorate and abolition, Roman dictator - Other dictatorates, Roman dictator - List of Roman dictators Read more here: » Roman dictator: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - Establishment and history |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay After the death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the Seleucid Empire became increasingly unstable. Frequent civil wars made central authority tenuous at best. Epiphanes' young son, Antiochus V Eupator, was first overthrown by Seleucus IV's son, Demetrius I Soter in 161 BC. Demetrius I attempted to restore Seleucid power in Judea particularly, but was overthrown in 150 BC by Alexander Balas -- an impostor who (with Egyptian backing) claimed to be the son of Epiphanes. Alexander Balas reigned until 145 BC, when he was overthrown by Demetrius I's son ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - A new dictatorate and abolition After a 120-year lapse, and the falling out of Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the latter marched on Rome and had himself appointed in 82 BC to an entirely new office, dictator rei publicae constituendae causa, which was functionally identical to the dictatorate rei gerendae causa except that it lacked any set time limit. Sulla held this office for over two years before he voluntarily abdicated and retired from public life.
Gaius Julius Caesar subsequently resurrected the dictatorate rei gerendae causa in ...
See also:Roman dictator, Roman dictator - Establishment and history, Roman dictator - Powers and abilities, Roman dictator - Magister Equitum, Roman dictator - Replacement of the dictatorate, Roman dictator - A new dictatorate and abolition, Roman dictator - Other dictatorates, Roman dictator - List of Roman dictators Read more here: » Roman dictator: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - A new dictatorate and abolition |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration But Antiochus' glory was not to last for long. Following his erstwhile ally Philip's defeat at the hands of Rome in 197 BC, Antiochus now saw the opportunity for expansion into Greece. Encouraged by the exiled Carthaginian general Hannibal, and making an alliance with the disgruntled Aetolian League, Antiochus invaded Greece. Unfortunately, this decision led to his downfall: he was defeated by the Romans at Thermopylae (191 BC) and Magnesia (190 BC), and was forced to make peace with the Romans by the embarrassing Treaty of Apamia (188 BC) - ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - A New Dictatorate and Abolishment After a 120 year lapse, and the falling out of Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the latter marched on Rome and had himself appointed in 82 BC to an entirely new office, dictator rei publicae constituendae causa, which was functionally identical to the dictatorate rei gerendae causa except that it lacked any set time limit. Sulla held this office for years before he voluntarily abdicated and retired from public life.
Gaius Julius Caesar subsequently resurrected the dictatorate rei gerendae causa in his firs ...
See also:Roman dictator, Roman dictator - Establishment and History, Roman dictator - Powers and Abilities, Roman dictator - Magister Equitum, Roman dictator - Replacement of the Dictatorate, Roman dictator - A New Dictatorate and Abolishment, Roman dictator - Other Dictatorates, Roman dictator - List of Roman dictators Read more here: » Roman dictator: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - A New Dictatorate and Abolishment |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - Establishment and History On the establishment of the Roman republic the government of the state was entrusted to two consuls, that the citizens might be the better protected against the tyrannical exercise of the supreme power. But it was soon felt that circumstances might arise in which it was of importance for the safety of the state that the government should be vested in the hands of a single person, who should possess absolute power for a short time, and from whose decisions there should be no appeal to any other body. Thus it came to pass that in 501 BC, nine years after the expulsion of th ...
See also:Roman dictator, Roman dictator - Establishment and History, Roman dictator - Powers and Abilities, Roman dictator - Magister Equitum, Roman dictator - Replacement of the Dictatorate, Roman dictator - A New Dictatorate and Abolishment, Roman dictator - Other Dictatorates, Roman dictator - List of Roman dictators Read more here: » Roman dictator: Encyclopedia II - Roman dictator - Establishment and History |
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| | | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family Antigonus Gonatas was born around 319 BC, probably in Gonnoi in Thessaly. He was related to the most powerful of the Diadochi (the generals of Alexander who divided the empire after his death in 323 BC). Antigonus's father was Demetrius Poliorcetes, who was the son of Antigonus, who then controlled much of Asia. His mother was Phila, the daughter of Antipater. The latter controlled Macedonia and Greece and was recognized as regent of the empire, which in theory remained united. In this year, however, Antipater died, ...
See also:Antigonus II Gonatas, Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family, Antigonus II Gonatas - Demetrius's general, Antigonus II Gonatas - In the wilderness, Antigonus II Gonatas - King of Macedonia, Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Pyrrhus, Antigonus II Gonatas - The Chremonidean war, Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Aratus, Antigonus II Gonatas - Death and Appraisal Read more here: » Antigonus II Gonatas: Encyclopedia II - Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family |
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| | | | | 301 BC: Encyclopedia II - History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt In 30 BC, following the death of Cleopatra, Egypt became part of the Roman Empire as the province Aegyptus, governed by a prefect selected by the Emperor from the Equestrian and not a governor from the Senatorial order, to prevent interference by the Roman Senate. The main Roman interest in Egypt was always the reliable delivery of grain to the city of Rome. To this end the Roman administration made no change to the Ptolemaic system of government, although Romans replaced Greeks in the highest offices. But Greeks continued to staff most of t ...
See also:History of Greek and Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy I, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy II, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Ptolemy III, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The decline of the Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - The later Ptolemies, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman rule in Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Christian Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Byzantine Egypt, History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Persian and Arab Conquests Read more here: » History of Greek and Roman Egypt: Encyclopedia II - History of Greek and Roman Egypt - Roman Egypt |
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