301 BC

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC Events Battle of Ipsus: King Antigonus I Monophthalmus is killed fighting against Cassander, Lysimachus and Seleucus I Nicator. Births Deaths

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Alexander the Great (in Greek Μέγας Αλέξανδρος, transliterated Megas Alexandros; born in Pella, Macedon, in July, 356 BC, died in Babylon, on June 10, 323 BC), King of Macedon 336–323 BC, is arguably the most successful military commander in world history, conquering most of the known world before his death. Alexander is also known in the Zoroastrian Middle Persian work Arda Wiraz Nāmag as "the accursed Alexander" due to his conquest of the ...

Including:

• Alexander the Great - Early life
• Alexander the Great - The ascent of Macedon
• Alexander the Great - Period of conquests
• Alexander the Great - The defeat of the Persian Empire
• Alexander the Great - The invasion of India
• Alexander the Great - After India
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's marriages and sexuality
• Alexander the Great - The army of Alexander the Great before the Battle of Gaugamela
• Alexander the Great - Infantry
• Alexander the Great - Cavalry
• Alexander the Great - Death
• Alexander the Great - Legacy and division of the empire
• Alexander the Great - Timeline
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's character
• Alexander the Great - Stories and legends
• Alexander the Great - Ancient sources
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend
• Alexander the Great - Alexander's legend in non-Western sources
• Alexander the Great - Main towns founded by Alexander
• Alexander the Great - Alexander in popular media
• Alexander the Great - Note

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Stoicism is a school of philosophy founded (308 BC) in Athens by Zeno of Citium (Cyprus). It teaches self-control and detachment from distracting emotions, sometimes interpreted as an indifference to pleasure or pain. This allows one to be a clear thinker, levelheaded and unbiased. In practice, Stoicism is intended to imbue an individual with virtue, wisdom, and integrity of character. Students are encouraged to help those in need, knowing that those who can, should. Stoicism also teaches psychological independence from society, regarding ...

Including:

• Stoicism - History
• Stoicism - Stoic ethics and virtues
• Stoicism - Spiritual exercise
• Stoicism - Stoic physics
• Stoicism - Brotherhood
• Stoicism - Quotations
• Stoicism - Spiritual descendants
• Stoicism - Books

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The Seleucid Empire was one of several political states founded after the death of Alexander the Great, whose generals squabbled over the division of Alexander's empire. There were over 30 kings of the Seleucid dynasty from 323 to 60 BC. Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC. Alexander the Great had conquered the Persian Empire within a short time-frame and died young, leaving an expansive empire of partly Hellenized culture without adult heir. Therefore his generals ...

Including:

• Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC
• Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain
• Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC
• Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC
• Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival
• Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration
• Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay
• Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire
• Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers
• Seleucid Empire - In modern media

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Antigonus II Gonatas (c. 319 BC—239 BC) was a powerful ruler who definitely established the Antigonid dynasty in Macedonia and acquired fame for his victory over the Gauls who had invaded the Balkans. Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family. Antigonus Gonatas was born around 319 BC, probably in Gonnoi in Thessaly. He was related to the most powerful of the Diadochi (the generals of Alexander who divided the empire after his death in 323 BC). Antigonus's father was Demetrius Poliorcetes, who was the son of ...

Including:

• Antigonus II Gonatas - Birth and family
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Demetrius's general
• Antigonus II Gonatas - In the wilderness
• Antigonus II Gonatas - King of Macedonia
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Pyrrhus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - The Chremonidean war
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Antigonus against Aratus
• Antigonus II Gonatas - Death and Appraisal

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Antigonus I Cyclops or Monophthalmus ("the One-eyed", so called from his having lost an eye) (382 BC - 301 BC) was a Macedonian nobleman, general, and satrap under Alexander the Great. He was a major figure in the Wars of the Diadochi after Alexander's death. He established the Antigonid dynasty and declared himself King in 306 BC. Antigonus was appointed governor of Greater Phrygia in 333 BC, and in the division of the provinces after Alexander's death in 323 BC he also received Pamphylia and Lycia from Perdiccas, regen ...

Including:

• Antigonus I Monophthalmus - External link

Read more here: » Antigonus I Monophthalmus: Encyclopedia - Antigonus I Monophthalmus

War elephants were important, although not widespread, weapons in ancient military history. Their main use was in charges, to trample the enemy and/or break their ranks. War elephants were exclusively male animals, because they were faster, more aggressive, and the females had a tendency to run away from other females. War elephant - History. Elephant taming began in the Indus valley around 4,000 years ago. Taming is not used here as a synonym of domestication. Domesticated animals, such as cows or dogs, ar ...

Including:

• War elephant - History
• War elephant - Tactical use
• War elephant - Battles
• War elephant - War elephants in popular culture
• War elephant - External link

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Coele-Syria, meaning 'hollow' Syria, was the region of southern Syria disputed between the Seleucid dynasty and the Ptolemaic dynasty. Strictly speaking, it is the valley of Lebanon, but it is often used to cover the entire area south of the river Eleutherus including Judea. Alexander the Great's general Ptolemy first occupied Coele-Syria in 318 BC. When Ptolemy joined the coalition against Antigonus the one eyed in 313 BC he, however, quickly withdrew from Coele-Syria. In 312 Seleucus I Nicator, defeated Demetrius, the son of ...

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Antiochus I Soter (i.e. "Saviour") (324/​323-​262/​261 BC), was an emperor of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. He reigned from 281 BC - 261 BC. He was half Persian, his mother Apame being one of those eastern princesses whom Alexander the Great had given as wives to his generals in 324 BC. On the assassination of his father Seleucus I in 281 BC, the task of holding together the empire was a formidable one, and a revolt in Syria broke out almost immediately. With his father's murderer, Ptolemy, Antiochus was soon compelled ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC 294 BC Births Deaths Events Qin attacks 8 cities of Chu. Chu then sent an envoy to ask the King of Huai to go to Qin to negotiate peace. Qu Yuan risked his life to go up to the court to weigh the consequences to persuade K ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC 294 BC 293 BC 292 BC 291 BC Events The temple to Bellona is erected on the Capitoline Hill in Rome. Births Deaths Category: 290s BC ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC - 300s BC - 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC Years: 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC305 BC 304 BC - 303 BC - 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC Events The Seleucids lose the western part of the Indus valley to Chandragupta Maurya Seleucus I Nicator refounds the town of Osroe as a Macedonian military settlement with the name of Edessa.

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Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC Births Deaths Events Cassander becomes King of Macedon. Category: 300s BC ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC - 300s BC - 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC Years: 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC - 300 BC - 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC Births Deaths of children Events End of Jomon era and beginning of Yayoi era in Japan. Euclid's Elements written. Antioch was founded by ...

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC Years: 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC - 298 BC - 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC 294 BC 293 BC 298 BC - Events. Third Samnite War: The Samnites defeat the Romans under Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus in the battle of Camerinum, first battle of the war. Bindusara succeeds his father Chandragupta Maurya as empe ...

Including:

• 298 BC - Events
• 298 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 298 BC: Encyclopedia - 298 BC

Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 309 BC 308 BC 307 BC 306 BC 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC Events Siege of Rhodes by Demetrius son of Antigonus broken when a fleet from Ptolemy I of Egypt arrives. Construction starts (estimated) on the Colossus of Rhodes using metals melted down from the siege army's adbandoned weapons. The tribes of Samnium sue for peace with Rome, ending the Second Samnite War.

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Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC 240s BC 302 BC 301 BC 300 BC 299 BC 298 BC 297 BC 296 BC 295 BC 294 BC 293 BC 292 BC Events In the Roman Republic, Fabius Maximus Rullianus becomes consul for the fourth time, then defeats the Samnites at Tifernum. Chandragupta Maurya goes to Sravana Belagola near Mysore to live the way of Jains. Bindusara his son ascends the Pataliputra throne. Births Deaths

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The city lies in a fertile basin at the eastern end of the Ascanian Lake (Turkish: İznik Gölü), bounded by ranges of hills to the north and south. It is situated with its west wall rising from the lake itself, providing both protection from siege from that direction, as well as a source of supplies which would be difficult to cut off. The lake is large enough that it cannot be blockaded from the land easily, and the city was large enough to make any attempt to interdict the boats from sho ...

See also:

Nicaea, Nicaea - Description, Nicaea - History

Read more here: » Nicaea: Encyclopedia II - Nicaea - Description

Diadochi - First War of the Diadochi 322-320 BC. Soon, however, conflict broke out. Perdiccas's marriage to Alexander's sister Cleopatra led Antipater, Craterus, Antigonus, and Ptolemy to join together in rebellion. The actual outbreak of war was triggered by Ptolemy's theft of Alexander's body, and diversion of it to Egypt. Although Eumenes defeated the rebels in Asia Minor, in a battle at which Craterus was killed, it was all for nought, as Perdiccas himself was murdered by his own generals Peithon, S ...

See also:

Diadochi, Diadochi - Death of Alexander 323 BC, Diadochi - Revolt in Greece 323-322 BC, Diadochi - Wars of the Diadochi 322-301 BC, Diadochi - First War of the Diadochi 322-320 BC, Diadochi - Second War of the Diadochi 319-315 BC, Diadochi - Third War of the Diadochi 314-311 BC, Diadochi - Fourth War of the Diadochi 308-301 BC, Diadochi - The Struggle over Macedon 298-285 BC, Diadochi - The Struggle of Lysimachus and Seleucus 285-281 BC, Diadochi - The Gallic Invasions and Consolidation 280 - 275, Diadochi - Other historical uses as a title, Diadochi - Aulic rank title, Diadochi - Modern revival

Read more here: » Diadochi: Encyclopedia II - Diadochi - Wars of the Diadochi 322-301 BC

Elephant taming began in the Indus valley around 4,000 years ago. Taming is not used here as a synonym of domestication. Domesticated animals, such as cows or dogs, are born in captivity and eventually subjected to selective breeding. Elephants, probably due to their bad temper, expensive feeding and slow growth rate (15 years to adulthood), were, with very few exceptions, always caught in the wild and subsequently tamed for several purposes. The first species to be tamed was thus the Asian elephant, for agricultural ends. The first military application of elephants dates from around 1100 BC and ...

See also:

War elephant, War elephant - History, War elephant - Tactical use, War elephant - Battles, War elephant - War elephants in popular culture, War elephant - External link

Read more here: » War elephant: Encyclopedia II - War elephant - History