2 Kings

Harran, also known as Carrhae, is an archeological site in present day southeastern Turkey, 24 miles (39 kilometers) southeast of Sanli Urfa. In its prime, it controlled the point where the road from Damascus joins the highway between Nineveh and Carchemish. This location gave Harran strategic value from an early date. It is frequently mentioned in Assyrian inscriptions as early as the time of Tiglath-Pileser I, about 1100 BC, under the name Harranu, or "Road"( Akkadian harrānu, road, path, journey ). After the Shupiluliuma-Shattiwazza treaty, Harran was burned by a Hittite army under Piyashshili ...

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Biblical Aramaic is the form of the Aramaic language that is used in the books of Daniel, Ezra and a few other places in the Hebrew Bible. See the article on the Aramaic of Jesus for the use of the Aramaic language in the New Testament. Biblical Aramaic - Aramaic and Hebrew. Hebrew is the main language of the Hebrew Bible. Aramaic only accounts for about ten chapters of the whole. Biblical Aramaic is closely related to Hebrew (perhaps a bit like Spanish and Portuguese), and they are written with the ...

Including:

• Biblical Aramaic - Aramaic and Hebrew
• Biblical Aramaic - Occurrence of Aramaic in the Hebrew Bible

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Biblical archaeology involves the recovery and scientific investigation of the material remains of past cultures that can illuminate the periods and descriptions in the Bible. As with the historical records from any other civilization, the manuscripts must be compared to other accounts from contemporary societies in Europe, Mesopotamia, and Africa; additionally, records from neighbors must be compared with them. The scientific techniques employed are those of archaeology in g ...

Including:

• Biblical archaeology - Milestones prior to 1914
• Biblical archaeology - Milestones during 1914 - 1945
• Biblical archaeology - Milestones after 1945
• Biblical archaeology - Confirmed Biblical structures
• Biblical archaeology - Artifacts from documented excavations
• Biblical archaeology - Artifacts with unknown disputed or disproved provenance
• Biblical archaeology - Professional commentary

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Bashan (meaning "light soil") is a biblical place first mentioned in Genesis 14:5, where it is said that Chedorlaomer and his confederates "smote the Rephaim in Ashteroth," where Og the king of Bashan had his residence. At the time of Israel's entrance into the Promised Land, Og came out against them, but was utterly routed (Numbers 21:33-35; Deuteronomy 3:1-7). This country extended from Gilead in the south to Hermon in the north, and from the Jordan river on the west to Salcah on the east. Along with the half of Gilead it was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh (Joshua 13:29-31). Golan, one of its cit ...

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Beelzebub (also known as Belzebud, Belzaboul, Beelzeboul, Baalsebul, Baalzebubg, Beelzebuth, Beelzebus; more accurately Ba‘al Zebûb or Ba‘al Zəbûb, Hebrew בעל זבוב), appears as the name of a deity worshipped in the Philistine city of Ekron. The name also later appears as the name of a demon or devil, often interchanged with Beelzebul. In ancient contexts, there appears to have been little, if any, meaningful distinction between Beelze ...

Including:

• Beelzebub - Apocryphal literature
• Beelzebub - Later accounts
• Beelzebub - In popular culture

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Athaliah (Hebrew Atalyahu (עתליה), "God is exalted") was the queen of Judah during the reign of King Jehoram, and later became sole ruler of Judah for five years. William F. Albright has dated her reign to 842 BC-837 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 841 BC-835 BC. She was the daughter of King Omri of Israel and her marriage to Jehoram sealed a treaty between Israel and Judah. Jehoram of Judah, a descendant of King David, actively promoted the worship of Yahweh in his country, but he tolerated Athaliah's worsh ...

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Adonis | Anat | Asherah | Astarte | Ba'al | Berith | Dagon | El | Elyon | Elohim | Hadad | Moloch | Mot | Salem | Shaddai | Yaw Adonai | El | Elohim | Elyon | Shaddai | Shekinah | YHWH Adad | Amurru | An/Anu | Anshar | Asshur | Abzu/Apsu | Enki/Ea | Enlil | Ereshkigal | Inanna/Ishtar | Kingu | Kishar | Lahmu & Lahamu | Marduk | Mummu | Nabu | Nammu | Nanna/Sin | Nergal | Ninhur ...

Including:

• Baal - Non-religious usage of the word Ba'al
• Baal - Deities called Ba‘al and Ba‘alat
• Baal - Ba'al of Carthage
• Baal - Ba‘al as a divine title in Israel and Judah
• Baal - Multiple Ba‘als and ‘Ashtarts
• Baal - Use of the word Ba‘al
• Baal - Ba'al as a demon
• Baal - Ba'al Zebûb

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The Book of Daniel, written in Hebrew and Aramaic, is a book in both the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the Christian Old Testament. The book is set during the Babylonian Captivity, a period when Jews were deported and exiled to Babylon. The book revolves around the figure of Daniel, an Israelite who becomes an advisor to Nebuchadnezzar, the ruler of Babylon from 605 BC - 562 BC. The book has two distinct parts: a series of narratives and four apocalyptic visions. Three of the narratives involve Daniel, who has the gift of prophecy, ...

Including:

• Book of Daniel - Narratives in Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Apocalyptic visions in Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Historical accuracy
• Book of Daniel - Darius the Mede
• Book of Daniel - Belshazzar
• Book of Daniel - Madness of Nebuchadnezzar
• Book of Daniel - Date of Nebuchadnezzar's First Siege of Jerusalem
• Book of Daniel - Dating
• Book of Daniel - Content
• Book of Daniel - Language
• Book of Daniel - Unity of Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Christian uses of Daniel
• Book of Daniel - Influence of Daniel

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The book of Nahum is a book in the Bible's Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh. Nahum prophesied, according to some, in the beginning of the reign of Ahaz (740s BC). Others, however, think that his prophecies are to be referred to the latter half of the reign of Hezekiah (700s BC). Probably the book was written in Jerusalem, where he witnessed the invasion of Sennacherib and the destruction of his host (2 Kings 19:35). The subject of this prophecy is the approaching complete and final destruction of Nineveh, the capital of t ...

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Vayeira or Vayera is the fourth weekly parshah or portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. It constitutes Genesis 18:1-22:24. Jews in the Diaspora read it the fourth Sabbath after Simchat Torah, generally in October or November. Vayeira - Summary. Vayeira - Sodom and Gomorrah. God sent Abraham three angels, whom Abraham received hospitably. They announced to Abraham that he would have a son within a year, although he and his wife Sarah were already very old. A ...

Including:

• Vayeira - Summary
• Vayeira - Sodom and Gomorrah
• Vayeira - The birth of Isaac
• Vayeira - The binding of Isaac
• Vayeira - Commandments
• Vayeira - Haftarah

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Uzziah of Judah (עוזיהו) (also known as Azariah), was the king of the ancient Kingdom of Judah, and one of Amaziah's sons, whom the people appointed to replace his father (2 Kings 14:21; 2 Chronicles 26:1). William F. Albright has dated his reign to 783 BC-742 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 767 BC-740 BC. Uzziah of Judah - Biblical tradition. His long reign of about fifty-two years was "the most prosperous excepting that of Jehoshaphat since the time of Solomon." He was a vigor ...

Including:

• Uzziah of Judah - Biblical tradition
• Uzziah of Judah - Uzziah Tablet

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Zachariah (זכריה) ("remembered by the Lord") was a king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel, and son of Jeroboam II. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 746 BC-745 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 753 BC-752 BC. The account of his reign is briefly told in 2 Kings 15:8-12. Zachariah ruled Israel only for six months before Shallum usurped the throne and put him to death, ending the dynasty of Jehu. ...

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Zedekiah or Tzidkiyáhu (צִדְקִיָּהוּ "Righteous of/is the LORD", Standard Hebrew Ẓidqiyyáhu, Tiberian Hebrew Ṣiḏqiyyāhû; BoM Arabic صدقيا Ṣidqiyyā) was the last king of Judah. William F. Albright has dated his reign to 597 BC-587 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 597 BC-586 BC. He was the third son of Josiah, and his mother's name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah, thus he was the brother ...

Including:

• Zedekiah - Life and reign
• Zedekiah - Sources
• Zedekiah - Book of Mormon

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The Book of Obadiah is found in both the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament of the Christian Bible, where it is the shortest book. Its authorship is generally attributed to a person named Obadiah, which means “servant (or worshipper) of the Lord”. Obadiah is classified as a "minor prophet" in the Christian Bible due to the brevity of the writing (only 21 verses) and the content (prophetic material). An Old Testament prophet was [professedly] not only a person who was given divine insight into future events, but a person whom the L ...

Including:

• Book of Obadiah - Overview of Contents
• Book of Obadiah - Historical Context
• Book of Obadiah - Themes
• Book of Obadiah - Scholarly Issues
• Book of Obadiah - Parallels within Scripture
• Book of Obadiah - Further Study

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The Ascension of Isaiah is an apocryphal pseudepigraphal book dating from the 2nd century and compiled by an unknown Christian scholar. The text incorporates three distinct sections, each evidently once a separate work that is a single compilation here. Of these, one, the first, appears to have been written by a Jewish author, and the other two by Christians. The first part of the book (chapters 1-5), generally referred to as "The Martyrdom of Isaiah", recounts and expands on the events of 2 Kings chapter 21. Into the middle of this ( ...

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Aramaic is a Semitic language with a 3,000-year history. It has been the language of administration of empires and the language of divine worship. It is the original language of large sections of the biblical books of Daniel and Ezra, and is the main language of the Talmud. Aramaic is believed to have been the language spoken by Jesus, and it is still spoken today as a first language by numerous small communities. Aramaic belongs to the Afro-Asiatic language family. Within that diverse family, it belongs to the Semitic subfamil ...

Including:

• Aramaic language - Geographic distribution
• Aramaic language - Aramaic languages and dialects
• Aramaic language - Writing system
• Aramaic language - History
• Aramaic language - Old Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Ancient Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Imperial Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Late Old Eastern Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Late Old Western Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Middle Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Eastern Middle Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Western Middle Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Modern Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Modern Eastern Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Modern Western Aramaic
• Aramaic language - Sounds
• Aramaic language - Vowels
• Aramaic language - Consonants
• Aramaic language - Historical sound changes
• Aramaic language - Grammar
• Aramaic language - Background
• Aramaic language - Writing systems
• Aramaic language - Historical forms
• Aramaic language - Literature
• Aramaic language - Modern Aramaic languages

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Abi is the name given in 2 Kings 18:2 to the mother of Hezekiah, king of Judah. The name translates as "my father," and is probably a shortened version of the name. The parallel verse in 2 Chronicles 29:1 gives this name as Abijah (NRSV, other versions use Abiah or Abia), which means "God is my father." ABI is also three-letter acronym Abi is sometimes the shortened version of Abigail Other related archives2 Chronicles, 2 Kings,

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Solomon's Temple (Hebrew: בית המקדש, transliterated Beit HaMikdash), also known as the First Temple, was, according to the Torah and the Bible, the first Jewish Temple in Jerusalem. It functioned as a religious focal point for worship and the sacrifices known as the korbanot in ancient Judaism. Completed in the 10th century BCE, it was destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 BCE. Solomon's Temple - Biblical account of the Temple's construction. Before his death, King David had provi ...

Including:

• Solomon's Temple - Biblical account of the Temple's construction
• Solomon's Temple - Construction
• Solomon's Temple - Completion
• Solomon's Temple - Ark of the Covenant
• Solomon's Temple - Description
• Solomon's Temple - Furnishings and treasures
• Solomon's Temple - The site
• Solomon's Temple - Comparison with other temples
• Solomon's Temple - Phoenician and Canaanite
• Solomon's Temple - Other Near Eastern temples
• Solomon's Temple - A miniature world
• Solomon's Temple - Raids and destruction
• Solomon's Temple - Artifact controversy
• Solomon's Temple - Notes

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Jewish eschatology is concerned with Mashiach (the Jewish Messiah) the continuation of the Davidic line, and Olam Haba (Hebrew for "the world to come"; i.e. the afterlife). Jewish eschatology - Mashiach/Messiah. The Hebrew word Mashiach (or Moshiach) means anointed one, and refers to a mortal human being. Within Judaism, the Mashiach is a human being who will be a descendant of King David continuing the Davidic line, and who will usher in a messianic era of peace and prosp ...

Including:

• Jewish eschatology - Mashiach/Messiah
• Jewish eschatology - The afterlife and olam haba the world to come
• Jewish eschatology - Biblical verses

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Samaritans are both a religious and an ethnic group. Ethnically, they are descended from a group of inhabitants that have connections to ancient Samaria from the beginning of the Babylonian Exile up to the beginning of the Christian era. Religiously, they are the adherents to Samaritanism, a religion based on the Torah. Samaritans claim that their worship is the true religion of the ancient Israelites, predating the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, but Samaritanism has historically been rejected by normative Judaism. In 2005, there are only 700 Samaritans, living mostly in the city of Nablus in the We ...

Including:

• Samaritan - History
• Samaritan - [538-515 B.C.] Exile ends and Cyrus proclaims that the Temple of Jerusalem is to be rebuilt. Temple is completed in 515 B.C.
• Samaritan - [330 B.C.] Samaritans build their Temple on Mount Gerizim
• Samaritan - [174-164 B.C.] Antiochus Epiphanes attempts to Hellenize the Jews and the Samaritans
• Samaritan - [164 BCE] to Modern Times
• Samaritan - Modern times
• Samaritan - Religion
• Samaritan - Religious beliefs
• Samaritan - List of the Samaritan High Priests from 1613
• Samaritan - Samaritans in the Gospels
• Samaritan - Footnotes

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