25 July

In the late 1950s the British, French, Americans and Soviets were all interested in developing supersonic transport. Britain's Bristol Aeroplane Company and France's Sud Aviation were both working on designs, called the Type 233 and Super-Caravelle respectively. Both were largely funded by their respective governments as a way of gaining some foothold in the aircraft market that was until ...

See also:

Concorde, Concorde - Origins, Concorde - Technological features, Concorde - Scheduled flights, Concorde - Passenger experience, Concorde - Paris crash, Concorde - Withdrawal from service, Concorde - Air France, Concorde - British Airways, Concorde - Aircraft histories, Concorde - Cultural and political impact, Concorde - Dimensions and specifications, Concorde - Trivia, Concorde - Possible replacement, Concorde - Films and Television

Read more here: » Concorde: Encyclopedia II - Concorde - Origins

Ariel "Arik" Sharon ▶ (help·info) (Hebrew: אריאל שרון) (born February 27, 1928) is the eleventh and current Prime Minister of Israel, serving from March 2001. A long-serving Israeli political and military leader, he was a founding member and former head of the Likud party, and previously served for over thirty years in the Israeli Defense Forces, rising to the rank of Major General, and achieving fame within Israel for his actions in the 1967 Six Day ...

Including:

• Ariel Sharon - Early life
• Ariel Sharon - Mitla incident
• Ariel Sharon - Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War
• Ariel Sharon - Sabra and Shatila massacre
• Ariel Sharon - Political career
• Ariel Sharon - Gaza evacuation
• Ariel Sharon - Founding of Kadima
• Ariel Sharon - Health problems

Read more here: » Ariel Sharon: Encyclopedia - Ariel Sharon

The Anschluss[1] (German: connection, or political union), also known as the Anschluss Österreichs, was the 1938 inclusion of Austria into "Greater Germany" by the Nazi regime. The events of March 12, 1938, were the first major steps in Adolf Hitler's long-desired expansion of Germany. The Anschluss followed the return to Germany of the Saar region, which had been under the control of the League of Nations for 15 year ...

Including:

• Anschluss - Situation before the Anschluss
• Anschluss - The Anschluss of 1938
• Anschluss - Hitler's first moves
• Anschluss - Schuschnigg announces a referendum
• Anschluss - German troops march into Austria
• Anschluss - Reactions and consequences of the Anschluss
• Anschluss - Legacy of the 1938 Anschluss
• Anschluss - The Anschluss: annexation or union?
• Anschluss - The appeal of Nazism to Austrians
• Anschluss - The Second Republic
• Anschluss - The Historical Commission and outstanding legal issues
• Anschluss - Austrian political and military leaders in Nazi Germany
• Anschluss - Notes

Read more here: » Anschluss: Encyclopedia - Anschluss

The Right Honourable Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, KG, OM, PC (25 July 1848–19 March 1930) was a British statesman and the thirty-third Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is perhaps best known as author of the Balfour Declaration of 1917, promising a homeland for the Jewish people. Arthur Balfour - Early Life. The eldest son of James Maitland Balfour of Whittingehame, Haddingtonshire, and of Lady Blanche Gascoyne-Cecil, he was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridg ...

Including:

• Arthur Balfour - Early Life
• Arthur Balfour - In Lord Salisbury's Governments
• Arthur Balfour - Balfour as Prime Minister
• Arthur Balfour - Later Career
• Arthur Balfour - Writings
• Arthur Balfour - Arthur Balfour's Government July 1902 - December 1905
• Arthur Balfour - Succession
• Arthur Balfour - Reference

Read more here: » Arthur Balfour: Encyclopedia - Arthur Balfour

Bathsheba Wilson Bigler Smith (3 May 1822 – 20 September 1910) was an early member of the Latter Day Saint movement and served as the fourth general president of the LDS Relief Society. She was a matron of the Salt Lake Temple, a member of the Board of Directors of Deseret Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, and a leader in the western United States woman's suffrage movement. In Nauvoo, Illinois on 25 July 1841, Bathsheba Bigler married George A. Smith who was the youngest member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church ...

Read more here: » Bathsheba W. Smith: Encyclopedia - Bathsheba W. Smith

The Berlin Wall (German: Die Berliner Mauer) was a long barrier separating West Berlin from East Berlin and the surrounding territory of East Germany. The East German authorities called it the "antifaschistischer Schutzwall" (Anti-Fascist Protection Wall). Its purpose was to restrict access between West Berlin and East Germany. It was built in 1961 and fortified over the years, but was opened to unrestricted transit on November 9, 1989 and subsequently almost entirely demolished. Berlin Wall - BackgroundIncluding:

• Berlin Wall - Background
• Berlin Wall - Construction of the Wall
• Berlin Wall - How the Wall worked
• Berlin Wall - The Wall years
• Berlin Wall - The fall of the Wall
• Berlin Wall - Celebrations
• Berlin Wall - Aftermath

Read more here: » Berlin Wall: Encyclopedia - Berlin Wall

Air France (Compagnie Nationale Air France) is a subsidiary of Air France-KLM. Before the take-over of KLM, it was essentially the national airline of France, employing 71,654 people (at January 2005). The company, whose headquarters are at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport near Paris (headquarters now used by Air France-KLM), transported 43.3 million passengers and earned 12.53 billion Euro between April 2001 and March 2002. Air France's subsidiary, Régional, operates ...

Including:

• Air France - History
• Air France - Incidents and accidents
• Air France - Destinations
• Air France - Fleet
• Air France - Current fleet
• Air France - Aircraft orders
• Air France - Retired aircraft

Read more here: » Air France: Encyclopedia - Air France

Ayaan Hirsi Ali ( pronunciation?) (born 13 November 1969 in Mogadishu, Somalia) is a member of the Tweede Kamer (the Lower House of the Netherlands), for the Liberal Democratic Party (VVD). Her first name, Ayaan, means "lucky person" or simply "luck" in Somali. Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Biography. Hirsi Ali was born in Somalia. Because her father, Hirsi Magan Isse, was an opponent of Siyad Barre her family was forced to flee the country. They fled to Saudi Arabia, later moving to Ethiopia and then ...

Including:

• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Biography
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Prizes
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Curriculum vitae
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Education
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Career
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Sources

Read more here: » Ayaan Hirsi Ali: Encyclopedia - Ayaan Hirsi Ali

General Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton (15 May 1803 Oxford – 25 July 1899 Dorking) was a British general and irrigation engineer. Cotton devoted his life to the construction of irrigation and navigation canals through the Empire of India, which was only partially realised. He entereed the Madras Engineers in 1819, and fought in the First Burmese War. Cotton was knighted in 1861.

Read more here: » Arthur Cotton: Encyclopedia - Arthur Cotton

See also: 2004 in South Africa, other events of 2005, 2006 in South Africa and the Timeline of South African history. 2005 in South Africa - Events. 2005 in South Africa - March. 8 March - Pretoria's council votes to change the city's name to Tshwane. The move is yet to be ratified. 9 March - An earthquake measuring 5.3 on the Richter scale occurs at Stilfontein's Hartebeestfontein gold mine 2005 in South Africa - May. ...

Including:

• 2005 in South Africa - Events
• 2005 in South Africa - March
• 2005 in South Africa - May
• 2005 in South Africa - June
• 2005 in South Africa - July
• 2005 in South Africa - August
• 2005 in South Africa - November
• 2005 in South Africa - Sport
• 2005 in South Africa - Cricket
• 2005 in South Africa - Football Rugby Union
• 2005 in South Africa - Football Soccer
• 2005 in South Africa - Golf
• 2005 in South Africa - Swimming
• 2005 in South Africa - Births
• 2005 in South Africa - Deaths

Read more here: » 2005 in South Africa: Encyclopedia - 2005 in South Africa

Build up The Battle Lack of outside support Capitulation Aftereffects Cultural representations Military participants Notable People Facts and figures The Warsaw Uprising (Powstanie Warszawskie) was an armed struggle during the Second World War by the Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) to liberate Warsaw from German occupation and Nazi rule. It started on August 1, 1944, as a part of a nationwide uprising, Operation Tem ...

Including:

• Warsaw Uprising - Eve of the battle
• Warsaw Uprising - Opposing forces
• Warsaw Uprising - The battle
• Warsaw Uprising - Life behind the front lines
• Warsaw Uprising - Lack of outside support
• Warsaw Uprising - The capitulation
• Warsaw Uprising - Destruction of the city
• Warsaw Uprising - Liberation of the ruins
• Warsaw Uprising - The legacy
• Warsaw Uprising - After the war
• Warsaw Uprising - Note

Read more here: » Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia - Warsaw Uprising

The V-2 rocket or Vergeltungswaffe 2 (Vengeance weapon 2) was an early ballistic missile used by the German Army during the later stages of World War II against mostly British and Belgian targets. It's real claim to fame is as the progenitor of the rocket race that developed during the Cold War, and ultimately put men on the moon and probes that have left our solar system. V-2 rocket - Introduction. Rockets were seen as having the potential to out-range artillery, capable of bombarding targets at ver ...

Including:

• V-2 rocket - Introduction
• V-2 rocket - Pre-operational history
• V-2 rocket - Technical Details
• V-2 rocket - Launch sites
• V-2 rocket - Peenemünde test launches 1942–44
• V-2 rocket - Photo gallery: The V-2 and Polish Intelligence
• V-2 rocket - V-2 production
• V-2 rocket - Operational history
• V-2 rocket - Countermeasures
• V-2 rocket - Assessment
• V-2 rocket - Unfulfilled plans
• V-2 rocket - Post-war V-2 usage
• V-2 rocket - Lesser known influences on culture and technology
• V-2 rocket - Model rockets
• V-2 rocket - Surviving V-2 examples and components
• V-2 rocket - United Kingdom
• V-2 rocket - United States
• V-2 rocket - Germany
• V-2 rocket - France

Read more here: » V-2 rocket: Encyclopedia - V-2 rocket

The Union blockade refers to the naval actions between 1861 and 1865, during the American Civil War, in which the United States Navy maintained a massive effort on the Atlantic and Gulf Coast of the Confederate States of America designed to prevent the passage of trade goods, supplies, and arms to and from the Confederacy. Confederate ships designed to evade the blockade were known as blockade runners, and mostly concentrated on running contraband between Confederate-controlled ports and the ports of Havana, Cuba; Nassau, Bahamas, and Bermuda, where ...

Including:

• Union blockade - Proclamation of Blockade and Legal Implications
• Union blockade - Recognition of the Confederacy?
• Union blockade - International legal status of the South
• Union blockade - Imposition of the Blockade
• Union blockade - Effectiveness
• Union blockade - Major Engagements
• Union blockade - Squadrons of the Union Blockade
• Union blockade - Gulf Blockading Squadron
• Union blockade - West Gulf Blockading Squadron
• Union blockade - North Atlantic Blockading Squadron
• Union blockade - South Atlantic Blockading Squadron
• Union blockade - Confederate response
• Union blockade - End of the Blockade

Read more here: » Union blockade: Encyclopedia - Union blockade

This series is linked to the Politics and elections series Varieties and derivatives of fascism Neo-Fascism Nazism Rexism Falangism Clerical fascism Austrofascism Crypto-fascism Japanese fascism Militarism Greek fascism Fascist political parties and movements Fascism in history Fascio March on Rome Italian Social Republic 4th of August Regime Relevant lists List of fascis ...

Including:

• Fascism - Definition
• Fascism - Italian Fascism
• Fascism - Early history
• Fascism - Mussolini's Fascism
• Fascism - Mussolini's influences
• Fascism - Nazism and Fascism
• Fascism - Differences
• Fascism - Similarities
• Fascism - Anti-Communism
• Fascism - Fascism and religion
• Fascism - Fascism and the Catholic Church
• Fascism - Fascism and the Protestant churches
• Fascism - Fascism as an international phenomenon
• Fascism - Fascism and feminism
• Fascism - Neo-Fascism
• Fascism - Fascist mottos and sayings
• Fascism - Notes

Read more here: » Fascism: Encyclopedia - Fascism

Palestinian National Authority This article is part of the series: Politics of the Palestinian National Authority President: Mahmoud Abbas Prime Minister: Nabil Shaath Palestinian Legislative Council PLO List of political parties Elections: President: 2005 Legislative: 2006 Oslo Accords Al-Aqsa Intifada St ...

Including:

• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Prior events
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Timeline
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2000
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2001
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2002
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2003
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2004
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - 2005
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Tactics
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Palestinians
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Israel
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - The West Bank barrier
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - International Involvement
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Effects on Oslo Accords
• Al-Aqsa Intifada - Economic and human costs

Read more here: » Al-Aqsa Intifada: Encyclopedia - Al-Aqsa Intifada

On 21 July 2005, four attempted bomb attacks disrupted part of London's public transport system two weeks after the 7 July 2005 London bombings. The explosions occurred around midday at Shepherd's Bush, Warren Street and Oval stations on London Underground, and on a bus in Bethnal Green. It has been reported that a fifth bomber dumped his device without attempting to set it off [1]. Connecting lines and stations were closed and evacuated. Metropolitan Police later said the intention was to cause large-scale loss of life, but on ...

Including:

• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Explosions
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Explosions on the Underground
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Explosion on a double-decker bus
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Casualties
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Early suspicion of chemical attacks
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Subsequent incidents
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - 21 July
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - 22 July
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - 23 July
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Investigation
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Relationship to the 7 July bombings
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Claims of responsibility
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Suspects and later arrests
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Charges
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - House raids
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Seized vehicles
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Individuals charged or held by police
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Objectives and Iraq connection
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Response and advice
• 21 July 2005 London bombings - Impact on public transport

Read more here: » 21 July 2005 London bombings: Encyclopedia - 21 July 2005 London bombings

Arbitration is a form of mediation or conciliation, where the mediating party is given power by the disputant parties to settle the dispute by making a finding. In practice arbitration is generally used as a substitute for judicial systems, particularly when the judicial processes are viewed as too slow, expensive or biased. Arbitration is also used by communities which lack formal law, as a substitute for formal law. Arbitration - Species of arbitration. Arbitration - Commercial and other fo ...

Including:

• Arbitration - Species of arbitration
• Arbitration - Commercial and other forms of contract arbitration
• Arbitration - Other forms of contract arbitration
• Arbitration - Labor arbitration
• Arbitration - Securities Arbitration
• Arbitration - Judicial arbitration
• Arbitration - Proceedings
• Arbitration - Arbitrators
• Arbitration - Critics
• Arbitration - Arbitration on TV

Read more here: » Arbitration: Encyclopedia - Arbitration

Acorn Computers was a British computer company established in Cambridge, England, in 1978. The company produced a number of computers which were especially popular in the UK. These included the Acorn Electron, the BBC Micro and the Acorn Archimedes. Acorn's BBC Micro computer dominated the UK educational computer market during the 1980s and early 1990s, drawing many comparisons with Apple in the U.S. Though the company was broken up into several independent operations in 2000, it leaves an impressive legacy, particularly in the ...

Including:

• Acorn Computers - Prehistory
• Acorn Computers - CPU Ltd 1978–83
• Acorn Computers - The microcomputer systems
• Acorn Computers - The Atom
• Acorn Computers - BBC Micro and the Electron
• Acorn Computers - Acorn Computer Group plc 1983–85
• Acorn Computers - New RISC architecture
• Acorn Computers - Financial problems
• Acorn Computers - Olivetti subsidiary 1985–98
• Acorn Computers - BBC Master and Archimedes
• Acorn Computers - ARM Ltd
• Acorn Computers - Set-Top boxes
• Acorn Computers - Network Computers
• Acorn Computers - Final break up of Acorn 1998–2000
• Acorn Computers - Footnotes

Read more here: » Acorn Computers: Encyclopedia - Acorn Computers

The 7 July 2005 London bombings were a series of co-ordinated suicide bombings that struck London's public transport system during the morning rush hour. The bombings killed 52 civilians and injured over 700 people. At 8:50 a.m. (BST, UTC+1), three bombs exploded within 50 seconds of each other on three London Underground trains. A fourth bomb exploded on a bus at 9:47 a.m. in Tavistock Square. The bombings led to a severe, day-long disruption of ...

Including:

• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Bombings
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Attacks on the Underground
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Attack on a double-decker bus
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Casualties
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Investigation
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Initial reports
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Terrorist attack
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Suicide bombings
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Suspects
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Claim of responsibility
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Translated statement
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigade
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Tape of Mohammad Sidique Khan
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Warnings
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Effects
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Security alerts
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Transport and telecoms disruption
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Economic impact
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Response
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Media response
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Historical comparisons
• 7 July 2005 London bombings - Contacts

Read more here: » 7 July 2005 London bombings: Encyclopedia - 7 July 2005 London bombings

A klopotec is a wooden mechanical device on a high wooden pole, similar to a windmill. It is used as a scarecrow and is an indispensable part of the idyllic wine-growing landscapes of Slovenia, Austria and Croatia. It is one of the symbols of Slovenia. The device has many names. In Slovenian it is called klopotec and in some dialetcs klapoc. Both words derive from klopotati, that is to produce cut off, rhythmic sounds. In English it could be called a bird-scaring rattle or a wind-rattle. In German it is called Windradl or Windmühle, ever increasing is the use of the ...

Including:

• Klopotec - History
• Klopotec - Tradition
• Klopotec - Construction
• Klopotec - Trivia

Read more here: » Klopotec: Encyclopedia - Klopotec