(3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) 20th century BC - Events. 2064 – 1986 BC -- Twin Dynasty wars in Egypt. 1991 BC -- Egypt: Pharaoh Mentuhotep IV died. End of Eleventh Dynasty. Pharaoh Amenemhat I started to rule. Start of Twelfth Dynasty. 1932 BC -- Amorite conquest of Ur. 1913 – 1903 BC -- Egyptian-Nubian war. 1900 BC -- Achaean invasions of Greece. around 1900 BC -- Fall of last Sumerian dynasty. < ...

Including:

• 20th century BC - Events
• 20th century BC - Significant persons
• 20th century BC - Inventions discoveries introductions

Read more here: » 20th century BC: Encyclopedia - 20th century BC

(22nd century BC - 21st century BC - 20th century BC - other centuries) (4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC) 21st century BC - Events. 2130 BC – 2080 BC — Ninth Dynasty wars in Egypt. 2112 BC – 2095 BC — Sumerian campaigns of Ur-Nammu. 2091 BC — beginning of the mythological Patriarchal Age is traditionally set in this year. 2071 BC — Magh Ithe, first recorded battle in Ireland myths. 2070 BC* — X ...

Including:

• 21st century BC - Events
• 21st century BC - Significant persons
• 21st century BC - Inventions discoveries introductions

Read more here: » 21st century BC: Encyclopedia - 21st century BC

Babylon is the Greek variant of Akkadian Babilu, an ancient city in Mesopotamia (Location: 32°32′11″N, 44°25′15″E, modern Al Hillah, Iraq). It was the "holy city" of Babylonia from early times, and the seat of the Neo-Babylonian empire from 612 BC. In the Hebrew Bible, the name appears as בבל (Babel), interpreted by popular etymology to mean "confusion". Akkadian bāb-ilû means "Gate of God", translating Sumerian Kadingirra. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Hanging Gar ...

Including:

• Babylon - History
• Babylon - Assyrian period
• Babylon - Beautification of Babylon by Nebuchadrezzar II
• Babylon - Babylon under the Persians
• Babylon - Hellenic period
• Babylon - Archaeology of Babylon

Read more here: » Babylon: Encyclopedia - Babylon

(4th millennium BC – 3rd millennium BC – 2nd millennium BC – other millennia) 3rd millennium BC - Events. The 3rd millennium BC represents the beginning of factual history, since it is the first time we do have real names to name and detailed stories to tell. And this new abundance of information may be best summarized as The rise of absolute ambition. The last millennium had seen the emergence of advanced urbanized civilization, new bronze metallurgy extending the productivity of agricu ...

Including:

• 3rd millennium BC - Events
• 3rd millennium BC - Environmental changes
• 3rd millennium BC - Significant persons
• 3rd millennium BC - Cultures
• 3rd millennium BC - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 3rd millennium BC - Cultural landmarks
• 3rd millennium BC - Centuries

Read more here: » 3rd millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 3rd millennium BC

Epic poetry - Ancient epics to 600. 20th century BC: The Epic of Gilgamesh (Sumerian mythology) 19th century BC (traditional date): Ramayana (Hindu mythology) 1316 BC (traditional date): Mahabharata (Hindu mythology). 8th century BC: The Iliad by Homer (Greek mythology) The Odyssey by Homer (Greek mythology) Epic Cycle (dates uncertain): Titanomachy Theban Cycle Oe ...

See also:

Epic poetry, Epic poetry - Oral epics or world folk epics, Epic poetry - Epics in literate societies, Epic poetry - Notable epic poems, Epic poetry - Ancient epics to 600, Epic poetry - Medieval Epics 600-1500, Epic poetry - Modern Epics from 1500, Epic poetry - Prose Epics, Epic poetry - Other Epics

Read more here: » Epic poetry: Encyclopedia II - Epic poetry - Notable epic poems

List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Awan. Three kings, names unknown (c. 2600 BC) Peli? (c. 2500 BC) Tata? Ukku-Takhesh Khishur Shushun-Tarana Napil-Khush Kikku-siwe-temti Lukh-ishshan (24th century BC) Khishep-ratep (24th century BC) Khelu (c. 2300 - 2280 BC) Khita (c. 2280 - 2240 BC)< ...

See also:

List of rulers of Elam, List of rulers of Elam - Old Period, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Awan, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Shimashki, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Eparti, List of rulers of Elam - Middle Elamite period, List of rulers of Elam - Kidinuid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Igihalkid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Shutrukid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Neo-Elamite Dynasty

Read more here: » List of rulers of Elam: Encyclopedia II - List of rulers of Elam - Old Period

main article: Ancient Near East Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 9th millennium BC Beginning of the Neolithic time period of the Holocene epoch. Agriculture in Mesopotamia Domestication of sheep and goats in the Middle East Circa 8350 BC – Neolithic settlement at Jericho Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 8th millennium BC. Circa 8000 BC–Settlements at Nevali Cori in present-day Turkey are established.

The next major developments in the history of mental health and illness came in a wave of new ideas about the self that occurred in the 6th century BC: The founding of Islam as well as the revitalization of Judaism during the Babylonian exile. Both of these world religions were to play a major role in our modern conception of mental health. History of mental illness - Ancient Judaism. The origins of monotheism lie in the growth and survival of Judaism in the history of ancient Israel and Judah. The concept ...

See also:

History of mental illness, History of mental illness - Prehistoric times, History of mental illness - Ancient Egypt, History of mental illness - Monotheism and Mental Health, History of mental illness - Ancient Judaism, History of mental illness - Ancient Islam, History of mental illness - Topics to be covered

Read more here: » History of mental illness: Encyclopedia II - History of mental illness - Monotheism and Mental Health

The Swedish-speaking minority of Finland descends chiefly from: peasant and fisherman settlements on coastal areas and islands in today's Finland some time between 1000 and 1250AD. [1] settlers who arrived to some coastlines and archipelagos with the Viking raids and trade connections (the "East Way" in the 10th to 13th century, perhaps even earlier when towns in present-day Russia also had Norse colonies). One theory suggests that Finland's coastal areas may have had continuous or sporadic Indo-European speaking settle ...

See also:

Finland-Swedes, Finland-Swedes - History, Finland-Swedes - Identity, Finland-Swedes - Bilingualism, Finland-Swedes - Demographics

Read more here: » Finland-Swedes: Encyclopedia II - Finland-Swedes - History

c. mid 2nd century - early 10th century Teotihuacan grows to a metropolis and its empire dominates Mesoamerica. The greatest era of the cities of the Maya southern lowlands, such as Tikal, Palenque, and Copán. The Classic Era ended earlier in Central Mexico, with the fall of Teotihuacan around the 7th century, than it did in the Maya area, which continued for centuries more. The late period of continued Maya devel ...

See also:

Mesoamerican chronology, Mesoamerican chronology - Paleo-Indian Period, Mesoamerican chronology - Archaic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Pre-Classic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Classic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Post-Classic Era

Read more here: » Mesoamerican chronology: Encyclopedia II - Mesoamerican chronology - Classic Era

Greeks - Classical and Roman. Herodotus states that the Athenians declared, before the battle of Plataea, that they would not go over to Mardonius, because in the first place, they were bound to avenge the burning of the Acropolis; and, secondly, they would not betray their fellow Greeks, to whom they were bound by: A common language1 (the use of one of the dialects of the Greek language) Common blood2 (descent from Hellen, son of Deucalion) Common shrines, statues and sacrifices (practice of the ancient Greek religion)3 and ...

See also:

Greeks, Greeks - Identity of the Greek people, Greeks - Classical and Roman, Greeks - Byzantine and Ottoman, Greeks - Modern independence, Greeks - Names used for the Greek people, Greeks - History of the Greeks, Greeks - Greeks around the world, Greeks - Timeline of Greek migrations, Greeks - Footnotes, Greeks - Miscellaneous topics

Read more here: » Greeks: Encyclopedia II - Greeks - Identity of the Greek people

The 3rd millennium BC represents the beginning of factual history, since it is the first time we do have real names to name and detailed stories to tell. And this new abundance of information may be best summarized as The rise of absolute ambition. The last millennium had seen the emergence of advanced urbanized civilization, new bronze metallurgy extending the productivity of agricultural work, highly developed techniques of information treatment in the form of writing. These exciting potentials and riches were certainly too t ...

See also:

3rd millennium BC, 3rd millennium BC - Events, 3rd millennium BC - Environmental changes, 3rd millennium BC - Significant persons, 3rd millennium BC - Cultures, 3rd millennium BC - Inventions discoveries introductions, 3rd millennium BC - Cultural landmarks, 3rd millennium BC - Centuries

Read more here: » 3rd millennium BC: Encyclopedia II - 3rd millennium BC - Events

The first epics are associated strongly with preliterate societies and oral poetic traditions. In these traditions, poetry is transmitted to the audience and from performer to performer by purely oral means. World folk epics are those epics which are not just literary masterpieces but also an integral part of the world view of a people. They were originally oral literatures, which were later written down by either single author or several writers. Studies of living oral epic traditions in the Balkans by Milman Parry and Albert ...

See also:

Epic poetry, Epic poetry - Oral epics or world folk epics, Epic poetry - Epics in literate societies, Epic poetry - Notable epic poems

Read more here: » Epic poetry: Encyclopedia II - Epic poetry - Oral epics or world folk epics

The earliest mention of Babylon is in a dated tablet of the reign of Sargon of Akkad (24th century BC short chr.), who made it the capital of his empire. Over the years its power and population waned. From around the 20th century BC, it was occupied by Amorites (nomadic Semitic tribes), flooding southern Mesopotamia from the the west, until it became the capital of Hammurabi's empire (ca. 18th century BC). From that time onward, it continued to be the capital of Babylonia, though during the 440 years of domination by the Kassites (1595-1155 BC), the city ...

See also:

Babylon, Babylon - History, Babylon - Assyrian period, Babylon - Beautification of Babylon by Nebuchadrezzar II, Babylon - Babylon under the Persians, Babylon - Hellenic period, Babylon - Archaeology of Babylon

Read more here: » Babylon: Encyclopedia II - Babylon - History

Historical knowledge of Babylon's topography is derived from classical writers, the inscriptions of Nebuchadrezzar, and several excavations, including those of the Deutsche Orientgesellschaft begun in 1899. The layout is that of the Babylon of Nebuchadrezzar; the older Babylon destroyed by Sennacherib having left few, if any, traces behind. Most of the existing remains lie on the east bank of the Euphrates, the principal ones being three vast mounds: the Babil to the north, the Qasr or "Palace" (also known as the Mujelliba) in the cen ...

See also:

Babylon, Babylon - History, Babylon - Assyrian period, Babylon - Beautification of Babylon by Nebuchadrezzar II, Babylon - Babylon under the Persians, Babylon - Hellenic period, Babylon - Archaeology of Babylon

Read more here: » Babylon: Encyclopedia II - Babylon - Archaeology of Babylon

Finland is a bilingual country according to its constitution. This means that citizens of the Finland-Swedish minority have the right to communicate with authorities in their mother tongue. To realize this right, all Finnish communities and towns are classified either as mono- or bilingual. Any community with at least 8% (or 3000 people) of minority-language speakers is defined as bilingual. In bilingual municipal authorities, all civil servants must have perfect ability in one and a satisfactory ability in the other language. Both languages can be use ...

See also:

Finland-Swedes, Finland-Swedes - History, Finland-Swedes - Identity, Finland-Swedes - Bilingualism, Finland-Swedes - Demographics

Read more here: » Finland-Swedes: Encyclopedia II - Finland-Swedes - Bilingualism

(circa since 1453 when Ottoman emirs captured Constantinople) (main article: History of the Ottoman Empire) 1869 - Construction of the Suez Canal is completed. ...

See also:

Timeline of Middle Eastern History, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Prehistoric and Ancient Period, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 9th millennium BC Beginning of the Neolithic time period of the Holocene epoch, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 8th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 7th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 6th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 5th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 4th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 3rd millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 2nd millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Arab Middle East, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 1st millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 1st millennium AD, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 2nd millennium AD, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Turks Crusaders and Mongols, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Ottoman era, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - European domination of the Arabic and Turkish regions especially since WWI, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Contemporary Middle East

Read more here: » Timeline of Middle Eastern History: Encyclopedia II - Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Ottoman era

List of rulers of Elam - Kidinuid Dynasty. Kidinu Inshushinak-sunkir-nappipir Tan-Ruhurater II Shalla Tepti-ahar List of rulers of Elam - Igihalkid Dynasty. Igi-halki Pahir-ishshan Attar-kittah Unpahash-Napirisha Kidin-Hutran I Humban-umena (14th century BC) Untash-Napirisha Kidin-Hutr ...

See also:

List of rulers of Elam, List of rulers of Elam - Old Period, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Awan, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Shimashki, List of rulers of Elam - Dynasty of Eparti, List of rulers of Elam - Middle Elamite period, List of rulers of Elam - Kidinuid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Igihalkid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Shutrukid Dynasty, List of rulers of Elam - Neo-Elamite Dynasty

Read more here: » List of rulers of Elam: Encyclopedia II - List of rulers of Elam - Middle Elamite period

(The dominance of the Arabs came to a sudden end in the mid 11th century with the arrival of the Seljuk Turks) c. 1347, a fleet of Genoese trading ships fleeing Kaffa (Feodosiya) reached the port of Messina and spreads the Black Death (see also: Turks, Crusaders, Mongols) ...

See also:

Timeline of Middle Eastern History, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Prehistoric and Ancient Period, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 9th millennium BC Beginning of the Neolithic time period of the Holocene epoch, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 8th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 7th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 6th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 5th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 4th millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 3rd millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 2nd millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Arab Middle East, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 1st millennium BC, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 1st millennium AD, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 2nd millennium AD, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Turks Crusaders and Mongols, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Ottoman era, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - European domination of the Arabic and Turkish regions especially since WWI, Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Contemporary Middle East

Read more here: » Timeline of Middle Eastern History: Encyclopedia II - Timeline of Middle Eastern History - Turks Crusaders and Mongols

c. 20th century BC - 2nd century AD The start of nation-states. The first large scale ceremonial architecture, development of cities. The development and flourishing of the Olmec civilization at such sites as La Venta and San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán. Early Zapotec and Maya civilization. Important early Maya cities include El Mirador and Cival. Also called the Formative Period. ...

See also:

Mesoamerican chronology, Mesoamerican chronology - Paleo-Indian Period, Mesoamerican chronology - Archaic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Pre-Classic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Classic Era, Mesoamerican chronology - Post-Classic Era

Read more here: » Mesoamerican chronology: Encyclopedia II - Mesoamerican chronology - Pre-Classic Era