1st millennium BC

1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 1st millennium BC

(2nd millennium BC – 1st millennium BC – 1st millennium – other millennia) 1st millennium BC - Events. The Iron Age spread to Western Europe Egypt declined as a major power The Tanakh was written Buddhism was founded by Siddharta Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (6th century BC) Jainism was founded by Mahavira (6th century BC) Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon and created the Persian Empire (6th century BC) Sparta and Athens fought the P ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia II - Timeline of Middle Eastern History - The Arab Middle East Timeline of Middle Eastern History - 1st millennium BC. Egypt declined as a major power The Tanakh was written Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon and created the Persian Empire (6th century BC) Sparta and Athens fought the Peloponnesian War Alexander the Great conquered Greece, Egypt, Persia and Afghanistan Hellenic Greek culture spread ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 1st millennium

(1st millennium BC – 1st millennium – 2nd millennium – other millennia) 1st millennium - Events. Beginning of Christianity (30s) London founded by Romans as Londinium Diaspora of the Jews (1st century) The Olympic Games observed until 393 The Library of Alexandria, largest library in the world, burned High point, and fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th century) Rise of the Byzantine Empire Germanic kingdoms established in Northern ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 2nd millennium BC

(3rd millennium BC – 2nd millennium BC – 1st millennium BC – other millennia) 2nd millennium BC - Events. To grasp the spirit of the 2nd millennium BC, we must divide it in two parts, for there is a period of change around its middle so important that it creates two separate "sub-millennia". 2nd millennium BC - First half 2000-1500 BC. The first part of the millennium is a time a bit less colorful than others, a lull in the history of Ancient Near East, still living ...

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2nd millennium BC - Events

1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 1st century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) The 1st century BC starts on January 1, 100 BC and ends on December 31, 1 BC. An alternative name for this century is the last century BC. This AD/BC notation does not use a year zero. Scientific notation does, however, and uses a minus sign, so '2 BC' is equal to 'year -1'. 1st century BC - Events. The Roman Republic becomes the Roman Empire Birth of Jesus of Nazareth See: Chronology of Jesus' birth and deat ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 7th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 7th century BC - Overview. 7th century BC - Events. the Cimmerians ravage Phrygia in 696 BC, possible migration of the Armenians Scythians arrived in Asia Collapse of Susa, end of Elamite Empire Assyrians conquer Egypt (674 BC - 670 BC) Collapse of Nineveh, end of Assyria (612 BC) 7th century BC - Significant persons. Hezekiah of the ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 10th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 10th century BC - Overview. 10th century BC - Events. Partition of ancient Israel into the Kingdoms of Judah and Israel (c. 925 BC) Foundation of Sparta The kingdom of Ethiopia is founded by Menelik I, son of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. (according to legend) First extant evidence of written Aramaic language The earliest known settlement in Plymouth, England dates back to this e ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 19th century BC

(3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) 19th century BC - Events. Hittite empire in Anatolia In 1876 BC (According to Bible) Israelites enter Egypt after two years of famine. 1829 – 1818 BC -- Egyptian-Nubian war 1818 BC -- Egyptian Campaign in Israel 1813 BC -- Amorite Conquest of Northern Mesopotamia 1806 BC -- Traditional date for the end of the Xia Dynasty in China. 1800 BC -- beginning of the Nordic Bronze Age in ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 8th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 8th century BC - Overview. 8th century BC - Events. Assyria conquers Damascus and Samaria Nineveh destroyed (789 BC) First recorded Olympic Games held in Greece (776 BC) Zhou Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang (771 BC); The Spring and Autumn Period (771-481 BC) began. According to tradition, Rome founded (753 BC, 21 April) Destruction of the Kingdom of Israel by Assyrian ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 9th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 9th century BC - Overview. 9th century BC - Events. Kingdom of Kush (900 BC) Battle of Karkar (853 BC) - An indecisive engagement between Assyrian king Shalmaneser II and a military alliance of the king of Damascus and lesser powers including the prince of Tyre Carthage founded by Phoenicians (813 BC) Beginning of the Iron Age in Central Europe, spread of the Proto-Celtic Hallstatt culture< ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 3rd century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 3rd century BC - Events. The first two Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome over dominance in western Mediterranean Rome conquers Spain Gaulish migration to Macedon, Thrace and Galatia 281 BC Antiochus I Soter, on the assassination of his father Seleucus becomes emperor of the Seleucid empire. 273 BC to 252 BC Ashoka the Great ruled the Mauryan Empire 261 BC Antiochus II Theos, 2nd son, at the death o ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 5th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 5th century BC - Overview. The 5th and 6th centuries BC are a period of philosophical brilliance among advanced civilizations. Ancient Greek philosophy develops during the 5th century BC, setting the foundation for Western ideology. In Athens and elsewhere in the Mediterranean world, the 5th century marks a high point in the development of political institutions, art, architecture,and literature. 5th century ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 2nd century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 2nd century BC - Events. 175 BC - Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took possession of the Syrian throne, at the murder of his brother Seleucus IV Philopator, which rightly belonged to his nephew Demetrius I Soter. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna - The Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Events commemorated each year by the fe ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 20th century BC

(3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC) 20th century BC - Events. 2064 – 1986 BC -- Twin Dynasty wars in Egypt. 1991 BC -- Egypt: Pharaoh Mentuhotep IV died. End of Eleventh Dynasty. Pharaoh Amenemhat I started to rule. Start of Twelfth Dynasty. 1932 BC -- Amorite conquest of Ur. 1913 – 1903 BC -- Egyptian-Nubian war. 1900 BC -- Achaean invasions of Greece. around 1900 BC -- Fall of last Sumerian dynasty. < ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 4th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 4th century BC - Overview. 4th century BC - Events. Invasion of the Celts into Ireland Battle of the Allia and subsequent Gaulish sack of Rome 383 BCE Second Buddhist Councel at Vesali. 100 years after the Parimirvana. 312 BCE Seleucus I Nicator established himself in Babylon. Begins the Seleucid Empire. 323 BCE Alexander the Great conqueres the Persian ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - 6th century BC

(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 6th century BC - Overview. The 5th and 6th centuries BC were a time of empires, but more importantly, a time of learning and philosophy. Mediterranean: Beginning of Greek philosophy, flourishes during the 5th century BC East Asia: Chinese philosophy become the "religion" of China. Confucianism, Daoism, Legalism, and Moism flourish. Middle East: During the Persian empire, Zoroaster, aka Zarathustra, founded Zoroastrianism ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - Ashvamedha

The Ashvamedha, or the horse-sacrifice is one of the most important royal rituals of Vedic religion (1st millennium BC, the last recorded performance dates to the 4th century AD), described in detail in the Yajurveda (books 22–25) and the pertaining commentaries. Ashvamedha - The Vedic Sacrifice. The Ashvamedha could only be conducted by a king. Its object was the acquisition of power and glory, the sovereignty over neighbouring provinces, and general prosperity of the kingdom. The horse to ...

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1st millennium BC: Encyclopedia - Sabaeans

The Sabaeans were ancient people who lived in what is today Yemen and north of Ethiopia and Eritrea in the 1st millennium BC and spoke an earlier version of a South Semitic language. They may be the same nation as the biblical kingdom of Sheba. They made substantial profits off the spice trade, especially frankincense, and left behind many inscriptions in the musnad (Old South Arabian) alphabet. They were polytheistic, and should not be confused with the Sabians mentioned in the Qur'an, whose name is written with the Arabic let

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