 |
|
|
19th century - 1860s | A Wisdom Archive on 19th century - 1860s | | 19th century - 1860s A selection of articles related to 19th century - 1860s | |
| We recommend this article: 19th century - 1860s - 1, and also this: 19th century - 1860s - 2. |
|
|
More material related to 19th Century can be found here:
|
|
|
| | |
19th century, 19th century - 1810s, 19th century - 1820s, 19th century - 1830s, 19th century - 1840s, 19th century - 1850s, 19th century - 1860s, 19th century - 1870s, 19th century - 1880s, 19th century - 1890s, 19th century - Americas, 19th century - Anthropology, 19th century - Decades and years, 19th century - Europe, 19th century - Events, 19th century - Inventions, discoveries, introductions, 19th century - Literature, 19th century - Music, 19th century - Other regions, 19th century - Painters, 19th century - Philosophy and religion, 19th century - Politics, 19th century - Science, 19th century - Significant people, List of wars 1800–1899, Timeline of 19th century Islamic history, France in the nineteenth century, Russian history, 1855-1892, Mid-nineteenth century Spain, 19th-century philosophy, Timeline of trends in music (1800-1899), Nineteenth century theatre, 19th century in games, 19th century in film
| | | » Page 1 « Page 2 Page 3 More » | |
| |
|
ARTICLES RELATED TO 19th century - 1860s | |
| | |  19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Women artists - 19th centuryArtists from this period include Constance Mayer, Marie Ellenrieder, Rosa Bonheur, Elizabeth Butler, Berthe Morisot, Mary Cassatt, Camille Claudel, Suzanne Valadon and Lucy Bacon.
Women such as Marie Ellenrieder and Marie-Denise Villers worked in the field of portraiture in the beginning of the century, and Rosa Bonheur excelled in realist painting and sculpture.
Photography was a new medium in this era and several woman became well-known in the field such as ...
See also:Women artists, Women artists - Issues in constructing a history of women artists, Women artists - Ancient and classical period, Women artists - Medieval era, Women artists - Renaissance era, Women artists - Baroque era, Women artists - 18th century, Women artists - 19th century, Women artists - 20th century, Women artists - Partial bibliography Read more here: » Women artists: Encyclopedia II - Women artists - 19th century |
| |
|
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Mummy - Mummies in recent times Mummies have been an object of intense interest in the West since archaeologists began finding them in large numbers. 19th-century aristocrats would often entertain themselves by buying mummies, having them unwrapped, and holding observation sessions. These sessions destroyed several mummies, because the exposure to the air caused them to disintegrate.
In the 1830s Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, left instructions to be followed upon his death which led to the creation of a sort of modern-day mummy. He asked that his bo ...
See also:Mummy, Mummy - Types of mummies, Mummy - Intentionally prepared ritualistic mummies, Mummy - Naturally preserved mummies, Mummy - Etymology, Mummy - Mummies in Ancient Egypt, Mummy - Historical context of Egyptian mummies, Mummy - Egyptian Mummies as Historical Art, Mummy - Egyptian mummification process, Mummy - Egyptian burial rituals, Mummy - Mummies in other civilizations, Mummy - Chinese mummy, Mummy - Ibaloi mummy Philippines, Mummy - Natural mummies, Mummy - Mummies in recent times, Mummy - Mummies in fiction, Mummy - Famous mummies, Mummy - From Egypt, Mummy - Others Read more here: » Mummy: Encyclopedia II - Mummy - Mummies in recent times |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Key West Florida - History In Pre-Columbian times Key West was inhabited by the Calusa people. The first European to visit was Juan Ponce de León in 1521. As Florida became a Spanish colony, a fishing and salvage village with a small garrison was established here.
The name "Key West" is derived from a "false friend" anglicization of the Spanish language name of the island, Cayo Hueso, meaning "Bone Island".
In 1763 when Great Britain took control of Florida, the community of Spaniard ...
See also:Key West Florida, Key West Florida - History, Key West Florida - Notable Key West natives, Key West Florida - Notable Key West non-natives, Key West Florida - Geography and climate, Key West Florida - Geography, Key West Florida - Climate, Key West Florida - Demographics, Key West Florida - Attractions events recreation and culture Read more here: » Key West Florida: Encyclopedia II - Key West Florida - History |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Europe In 1801, the Irish parliament voted to merge Ireland with England, thus creating the United Kingdom. Ireland remained under total British control until 1922, when the majority of the Irish counties, and the majority of the Irish population, broke away from England, forming the Irish Free State. The northern counties remained loyal to British control, and to this day remain separate from the rest of Ireland as Northern Ireland.
On May 17th, 1814, Norway left Danish control and declared independence. It was forced, however, to continue ...
See also:19th century, 19th century - Europe, 19th century - Americas, 19th century - Other regions, 19th century - Events, 19th century - 1800s, 19th century - 1810s, 19th century - 1820s, 19th century - 1830s, 19th century - 1840s, 19th century - 1850s, 19th century - 1860s, 19th century - 1870s, 19th century - 1880s, 19th century - 1890s, 19th century - Significant people, 19th century - Anthropology, 19th century - Painters, 19th century - Music, 19th century - Literature, 19th century - Science, 19th century - Philosophy and religion, 19th century - Politics, 19th century - Inventions discoveries introductions, 19th century - Decades and years Read more here: » 19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Europe |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Flint Michigan - History Some scholars consider the Saginaw Valley, particularly in the vicinity of Flint, to be the oldest continually inhabited part of Michigan. Regardless of the validity of this claim, the region was home to several Ojibwa tribes at the top of the 19th century, with a particularly significant community established near present-day Montrose. The Flint River had several convenient fording points which became a point of contention among rival tribes, as attested by the presence of a ...
See also:Flint Michigan, Flint Michigan - History, Flint Michigan - Geography, Flint Michigan - Demographics, Flint Michigan - Crime, Flint Michigan - Education, Flint Michigan - Culture, Flint Michigan - Sports, Flint Michigan - Transportation, Flint Michigan - Famous persons and groups, Flint Michigan - Notes Read more here: » Flint Michigan: Encyclopedia II - Flint Michigan - History |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Bicycle - History No single time or person can be identified with the invention of the bicycle. Its earliest known forebears were called velocipedes, and included many types of human-powered vehicles. One of these, the scooter-like dandy horse of the French Comte de Sivrac, dating to 1790, was long cited as the earliest bicycle. Most bicycle historians now believe that these hobby-horses with no steering mechanism probably n ...
See also:Bicycle, Bicycle - History, Bicycle - Technical aspects, Bicycle - Legal requirements, Bicycle - Construction and parts, Bicycle - Performance, Bicycle - Bicycle physics, Bicycle - Social and historical aspects, Bicycle - Economic and social implications, Bicycle - Bicycles at work, Bicycle - Bicycle recreation, Bicycle - Bicycles and war, Bicycle - Bicycle racing, Bicycle - Modal share: cycle use in modern cities, Bicycle - Cycling activism, Bicycle - Types of bicycle, Bicycle - Standards, Bicycle - Notes Read more here: » Bicycle: Encyclopedia II - Bicycle - History |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Beta Israel - Ethiopian enclave The Beta Israel, also known as Chabashim, come from a Jewish enclave in the Ethiopian highlands that had no contact with other Jewish communities until the 1860s. One of the earliest dated references to the Beta Israel in Ethiopian literature is in the Glorious Victories of Amda Seyon (trans. G.W.B. Huntingford [Oxford: Clarendon Press], p. 61), which mentions a revolt in the province of Begemder by "t ...
See also:Beta Israel, Beta Israel - Ethiopian enclave, Beta Israel - Religious traditions, Beta Israel - Languages, Beta Israel - Oppression, Beta Israel - Israel intervenes, Beta Israel - Origins, Beta Israel - Traditions of the Beta Israel, Beta Israel - Rabbinical views, Beta Israel - DNA evidence, Beta Israel - Scholarly view, Beta Israel - In fiction, Beta Israel - Photos Read more here: » Beta Israel: Encyclopedia II - Beta Israel - Ethiopian enclave |
| |
|
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - History of New South Wales - Foundation and growth In 1770 Captain James Cook sailed along the east coast of Australia, the first European to do so. On 22 August, at Possession Island in the Torres Strait, Cook wrote in his journal: "I now once more hoisted English Coulers and in the Name of His Majesty King George the Third, took possession of the whole Eastern Coast from the above Latitude down to this place by the name of New South Wales." What exactly about the Australian coast reminded Cook of South Wales is not known. Cook's proclamation made the whole of Australia British territory, e ...
See also:History of New South Wales, History of New South Wales - Foundation and growth, History of New South Wales - Self-government, History of New South Wales - Federation and statehood, History of New South Wales - Federation to World War II, History of New South Wales - Postwar New South Wales Read more here: » History of New South Wales: Encyclopedia II - History of New South Wales - Foundation and growth |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Mobile Alabama - History The settlement, then called "Fort Louis de la Louisiane", was first established in 1702, at Twenty-seven Mile Bluff on the Mobile River, as the first capital of the French colony of Louisiana. Following a series of floods, the town was relocated downriver to its present location near the head of Mobile Bay in 1711 and named Fort Conde. The capital of Louisiana was moved to Biloxi in 1720 and to New Orleans in 1723 and Mobile was relegated to t ...
See also:Mobile Alabama, Mobile Alabama - History, Mobile Alabama - Geography and climate, Mobile Alabama - Demographics, Mobile Alabama - Law and government, Mobile Alabama - Economy, Mobile Alabama - Battle House project and downtown rebirth, Mobile Alabama - Transportation media and education, Mobile Alabama - Transportation, Mobile Alabama - Media, Mobile Alabama - Education, Mobile Alabama - Notable Mobilians, Mobile Alabama - Awards, Mobile Alabama - Surrounding Suburbs, Mobile Alabama - Trivia, Mobile Alabama - Sister Cities Read more here: » Mobile Alabama: Encyclopedia II - Mobile Alabama - History |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Veganism - Motivation People become vegan for a variety of reasons, including concern for animals, personal health, or the environment.
Veganism - Ethics.
The ethics of veganism are defined by the British Vegan Society as "[A] philosophy and way of living which seeks to exclude — as far as is possible and practical — all forms of exploitation of, and cruelty to, animals for food, clothing or any other purpose." [9]
Vegans generally oppose what they see as violence and cruelty involved in the meat, [10], dairy, non-vegan cosmetics, clothing, and other industries. (See Draize test, LD50, Animal test ...
See also:Veganism, Veganism - Definition, Veganism - Animal products, Veganism - Motivation, Veganism - Ethics, Veganism - Health, Veganism - Environmental considerations, Veganism - Sexual and feminist motives, Veganism - Vegan cuisine, Veganism - Similar diets and lifestyles, Veganism - Vegan nutrition, Veganism - Cultural aspects, Veganism - Criticism and controversy, Veganism - Ethical criticism, Veganism - Health criticism, Veganism - Notes Read more here: » Veganism: Encyclopedia II - Veganism - Motivation |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Swiss plateau - Geology
Swiss plateau - Geological layers.
Thanks to many deep drillings for oil and gas, the geological layers of the Swiss plateau are relatively well known. The base level is cristalline basement which outcrops in the central cristalline Alps as well as in the Black Forest and in the Vosges mountain range but forms a deep geosynclinal in the Swiss plateau and in the Jura. Around 2500 – 3000 meters below the ground, but considerably deeper near the Alps, the drillings have hit the cristalline basement. It is covered ...
See also:Swiss plateau, Swiss plateau - Geography, Swiss plateau - Geology, Swiss plateau - Geological layers, Swiss plateau - Molasse, Swiss plateau - The Ice ages, Swiss plateau - Landscapes, Swiss plateau - Topography, Swiss plateau - Climate, Swiss plateau - Vegetation, Swiss plateau - Population, Swiss plateau - Economy, Swiss plateau - Transportation, Swiss plateau - Tourism Read more here: » Swiss plateau: Encyclopedia II - Swiss plateau - Geology |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Battleship - World War I A naval arms race had been ongoing between Germany and the United Kingdom since the 1890s. The building of Dreadnought actually helped Germany in this, as instead of having a lead of 15 or so ships of the latest type, Britain now had a lead of just one. Furthermore, Britain's policy of maintaining a navy larger than the world's second and third largest navies combined was becoming unsustainably expensive. All other battleship navies switched over in the next few years t ...
See also:Battleship, Battleship - Early battleships, Battleship - Industrial Age, Battleship - Explosive-shell naval guns, Battleship - Ironclads, Battleship - Turrets and rifled guns, Battleship - Brown powder, Battleship - Design experiments, Battleship - All-big-guns, Battleship - The Dreadnought era, Battleship - The super dreadnought, Battleship - World War I, Battleship - World War II, Battleship - Post World War II, Battleship - Fictional appearances Read more here: » Battleship: Encyclopedia II - Battleship - World War I |
| |
|
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Northampton - Media Three newspapers are published in the town:
The Chronicle and Echo,
Mercury, and
Northants on Sunday.
Radio stations:
BBC Radio Northampton, and
Northants 96 are based in the town, both broadcast to the wider county.
Inspiration FM - only broadcasts a few months per year
Regional television news is provided by:
BBC Look ...
See also:Northampton, Northampton - History, Northampton - Early History, Northampton - Medieval Northampton, Northampton - Civil War to 1900, Northampton - 1900 - Today, Northampton - Population growth of the town, Northampton - Transport links, Northampton - Leisure and culture, Northampton - Sport in Northampton, Northampton - Notable buildings, Northampton - Celebrity associations, Northampton - Media, Northampton - American cousins, Northampton - Trivia Read more here: » Northampton: Encyclopedia II - Northampton - Media |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Dioceses Dioceses in Bulgaria:
Diocese of Vidin (bulg.: Видинска епархия);
Diocese of Vratsa (bulg.: Врачанска епархия);
Diocese of Lovech (bulg.: Ловчанска епархия);
Diocese of Veliko Turnovo (bulg.: Търновска епархия);
Diocese of Dorostol and Cherven (bulg.: Доростоло-че ...
See also:Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Canonical status and organisation, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Dioceses, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - History of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Early Christianity, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Establishment of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Autocephaly of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - The Ohrid Archbishopric, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - The Turnovo Patriarchate, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Ottoman rule, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - The Bulgarian Exarchate, Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Second restoration of the Bulgarian Patriarchate Read more here: » Bulgarian Orthodox Church: Encyclopedia II - Bulgarian Orthodox Church - Dioceses |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - London Ontario - Law and Government Main article: London City Council
London's municipal government is split between 14 councillors (two representing each of London's seven wards) and a Board of Control, consisting of four controllers and the mayor. London's current mayor is Anne Marie DeCicco. Historically, the Board of Control was introduced during a period of expansion so the ward councillors could deal with ward issues while the board dealt with problems affecting the entire city. Although London has many ties to Middlesex County, it is now "separated" and the two have no jurisdictional overlap. Exception here is granted to the Middlesex Coun ...
See also:London Ontario, London Ontario - History, London Ontario - Law and Government, London Ontario - Geography, London Ontario - Major Parks, London Ontario - Economy/Industry, London Ontario - Demographics, London Ontario - Crime, London Ontario - Education, London Ontario - Sports teams, London Ontario - Communications and media, London Ontario - Television, London Ontario - Radio, London Ontario - Newspapers, London Ontario - Arts and culture, London Ontario - Transportation, London Ontario - Miscellaneous, London Ontario - Notable Londoners Read more here: » London Ontario: Encyclopedia II - London Ontario - Law and Government |
| |
|
| | | | 19th century - 1860s: Encyclopedia II - History of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification The Sui Dynasty (隋朝) managed to reunite the country in 589 after almost 300 years of disjunction.
The unification is the second shortest dynasty in the history of China after Qin Dynasty, and during this time, millions laboured on the Grand Canal of China (大運河), still the longest canal in the world to date.
...
See also:History of China, History of China - Prehistoric times, History of China - Ancient histories, History of China - Xia Dynasty, History of China - Shang Dynasty, History of China - Zhou Dynasty, History of China - Qin Dynasty: The first Chinese Empire, History of China - Han Dynasty: A period of prosperity, History of China - Jin the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, History of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification, History of China - Tang Dynasty: Return to prosperity, History of China - Song Dynasty and its northern neighbors the Liao and the Jin, History of China - Mongols and the Yuan Dynasty, History of China - Ming Dynasty: Revival of Chinese culture, History of China - Qing Dynasty, History of China - The Republic of China, History of China - Post modern independence Read more here: » History of China: Encyclopedia II - History of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification |
| |
|
| | » Page 1 « Page 2 Page 3 More » | |
| |
|
|
|
|
More material related to 19th Century can be found here:
|
|
|
|
| |
