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19th Century: Encyclopedia - 19th Century
The 19th century lasted from 1801 to 1900 in the Gregorian calendar (using the Common Era system of year numbering).
Historians sometimes...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Europe
In 1801, the Irish parliament voted to merge Ireland with England, thus creating the United Kingdom. Ireland remained under total British...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Americas
The United States began expansion across the North American Continent, beginning with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. This expansion was ...
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19th Century Bc: Encyclopedia - 19th Century Bc
(3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC)
19th century BC - Events.
Hittite empire in Anatolia
In 1876 BC (According...
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Montmartre: Encyclopedia Ii - Montmartre - 19th Century
When Napoleon III and his city planner Baron Haussmann planned to make Paris the most beautiful city in Europe, a first step was to grant...
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Brummagem: Encyclopedia Ii - Brummagem - 19th Century
The pejorative use of the word was later applied to "Brummagem ware", cheap mass-produced goods such as costume jewellery manufactured in...
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History Of Missouri: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Missouri - 19th Century
Spain, in 1800, negotiated the territory's cession back to France. The French ruler, Napoleon, reasoned that the territory could not be p...
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Jefferson State: Encyclopedia Ii - Jefferson State - 19th Century
In 1852, at the first California state legislature, a bill was introduced to create a "state of Shasta" encompassing much of the area kno...
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Quebec Literature: Encyclopedia Ii - Quebec Literature - 19th Century
The 19th century marks the beginning of the first real literary works published by Quebecers, including Michel Bibaud, Pierre Boucher de ...
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History Of Birmingham: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Birmingham - 19th Century
In 1802, Nelson and the Hamiltons visited Birmingham. Nelson was fêted, and visited Matthew Boulton on his sick-bed at Soho House, befor...
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Shakespeare's Reputation: Encyclopedia Ii - Shakespeare's Reputation - 19th Century
Shakespeare's reputation - Shakespeare in performance.
Theatres and theatrical scenery became ever more elaborate in the 19th century, ...
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History Of California: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of California - 19th Century
History of California - Russian exploration.
In the early 1800s, fur trappers of the Russian Empire, which had already claimed Alaska, ...
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General Germany: Encyclopedia Ii - General Germany - 19th Century
The 19th century saw the German rank of General present in the Napoleonic Wars and the standard uniforms and insignia, used for over a ce...
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History Of Jersey: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Jersey - 19th Century
The livre tournois had been used as the legal currency for centuries. However, it was abolished during the French Revolutionary period. A...
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Women Artists: Encyclopedia Ii - Women Artists - 19th Century
Artists from this period include Constance Mayer, Marie Ellenrieder, Rosa Bonheur, Elizabeth Butler, Berthe Morisot, Mary Cassatt, Camill...
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History Of Geography: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Geography - 19th Century
One of the great works of this time was Kosmos: a sketch of a physical description of the Universe, by Alexander von Humboldt, the first ...
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History Of Bolivia: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Bolivia - 19th Century
Independence did not bring stability. For nearly 60 years, coups and short-lived constitutions dominated Bolivian politics. Bolivia's mil...
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Jamestown Virginia: Encyclopedia Ii - Jamestown Virginia - 19th Century
During the American Civil War, in 1861, Confederate William Allen, who owned the Jamestown Island, occupied Jamestown with troops he rais...
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Jamestown Virginia: Encyclopedia Ii - Jamestown Virginia - 19th Century
During the American Civil War, in 1861, Confederate William Allen, who owned the Jamestown Island, occupied Jamestown with troops he rais...
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History Of Geodesy: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Geodesy - 19th Century
In the late 19th century the Zentralbüro für die Internationale Erdmessung (that is, Central Bureau for International Geodesy) was esta...
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History Of Vermont: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Vermont - 19th Century
Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836.
The northernmost land action of the American Civil War took place in Vermont on October ...
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History Of Alaska: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Alaska - 19th Century
History of Alaska - Russia-American agreement.
Financial difficulties in Russia, the desire to keep Alaska out of British hands, and th...
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History Of Christianity: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Christianity - 19th Century
Charles Grandison Finney and Revivalism
Holiness movement in the U. S. and Higher Life movement in Britain
Campbellites or Stone-Campbe...
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History Of Christianity: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Christianity - 19th Century
Charles Grandison Finney and Revivalism
Holiness movement in the U. S. and Higher Life movement in Britain
Campbellites or Stone-Campbe...
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Timeline Of Shakespeare Criticism: Encyclopedia Ii - Timeline Of Shakespeare Criticism - 19th Century
Charles Lamb, 1811: "We talk of Shakespeare's admirable observation of life, when we should feel, that not from a petty inquisition into ...
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Science And Invention In Birmingham: Encyclopedia Ii - Science And Invention In Birmingham - 19th Century
1828: Josiah Mason improved a cheap, efficient slip-in nib which could be added to a fountain pen.
1830. With the invention of a new mach...
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History Of Golf Instruction: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Golf Instruction - 19th Century
The show-and-tell of golf instruction took on new importance in 1848 when, with the invention of the gutta percha ball (or "guttie"), gol...
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Gun Quarter Birmingham: Encyclopedia Ii - Gun Quarter Birmingham - 19th Century
The British Government began to rely heavily upon the skilled gun manufacturers of the town. The Napoleonic Wars required special efforts...
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Egypt In The European Imagination: Encyclopedia Ii - Egypt In The European Imagination - 19th Century
On the most popular 19th-century level, all of ancient Egypt was reduced in the European imagination to the Nile, the Pyramids and the Gr...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Europe
In 1801, the Irish parliament voted to merge Ireland with England, thus creating the United Kingdom. Ireland remained under total British...
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19th-century Philosophy: Encyclopedia - 19th-century Philosophy
In the 18th Century the philosophies of The Enlightenment would begin to have dramatic effect, and the landmark works of philosophers suc...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - Z
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Zanzibar.
Sultan Sayyid Hamud bin Muhammad, Sultan of Zanzibar and its dependencies, ab...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - J
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Jelebu.
Dato' Mahmud alias Kulup Tunggal , 9th Dato' Mendika Mentri Akhir ul-Zaman and ...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - Oman
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Oran.
Mustafa Bey al-Manzalah wali of Oran 1802-1805,deposed or abdicated 1805,restored...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - B
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Baden.
Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Baden, abdicated 1856
List of monarchs deposed in the...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - H
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Haiti.
Emperor Faustin I, deposed 1859.
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century ...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - L
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Laihka.
Sao Hkam Mawng saopha of Laikha 1860-1862, deposed or abdicated 1862, restored ...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - I
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Isenburg.
Ernst Kasimir III count of Isenburg 1801-1810, deposed by the French ocupatio...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - N
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Naples.
Ferdinand IV, deposed 1806, restored 1815
Joseph Bonaparte, abdicated 1808
Joac...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - M
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Madagascar.
Ranavalona III. queen of Madagascar , deposed by the French 1897.
List of...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - A
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Afghanistan.
Zaman Shah, deposed 1801.
Mahmud Shah, deposed 1803, reinstated 1809, rede...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - G
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Gandersheim.
Auguste Dorothea Herzogin von Braunschweig Princess-Abbesse of Gandersheim...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - F
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - France.
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, deposed 1814, reinstated and redeposed 1815.
Lou...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - E
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Egypt.
Muhammad 'Ali Pasha Vali of Egypt, abdicated 1848.
Ismail Pasha Khedive of Egypt...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - S
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Sardinia.
Charles Emmanuel IV, abdicated 1802
Victor Emmanuel I, abdicated 1821
Charles...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - K
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Kaisersheim.
Franz Xaver Müller prince-abbot of Kaiserheim 1783-1803, deposed through ...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - P
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Paderborn.
Franz Egon von Fürstenberg prince-bishop Paderborn 1789-1802,deposed by the...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - R
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Rai'atea.
Te-uru-ra'i Ari'i-mate Tamatoa-Tau-tu Tamatoa VI, Ari'i-rahi of Ra'iatea and ...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - C
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Cambodia.
Ang Duong II, deposed 1844, reinstated 1845, d.1860.
Queen Ba-cong-chua, depo...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - T
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Tahiti.
Pomare V, King of Tahiti 1877-1880. Ceded Tahiti to France on June 29, 1880.
...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - Q
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Quba.
Husayn II Khan satyaq khan of Quba 1806-1816,depsoed through the Russian anextion...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - W
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Wassulu.
Samori ibn Lafiya Ture, Fama of Wassulu 1870-1884, Almami of Wassulu 1884-1898...
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List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Monarchs Deposed In The 19th Century - O
List of monarchs deposed in the 19th century - Osnabrück.
Prince Frederick, Duke of York prince-bishop of Osnabrück 1764-1802,depose...
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Protectorate: Encyclopedia Ii - Protectorate - 19th Century
When the British took over Cephallenia in 1809, they proclaimed that "We present ourselves to you, Inhabitants of Cephalonia, not as Inva...
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Mansion: Encyclopedia Ii - Mansion - 19th Century Development
The 19th century saw particularly in the U.S.A a new type of mansion being built, often smaller than the older European mansions, but in ...
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19th-century Philosophy: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th-century Philosophy - Brief Historical Outline
With the tumultuous years of 1789-1815, European culture was transformed by revolution, war and disruption. By ending many of the social ...
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French Art Of The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - French Art Of The 19th Century - Birth Of The Modern
Walter Benjamin called Paris "the capital of the 19th century". In order to understand the amazing diversity of artistic expressions whic...
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France In The Nineteenth Century: Encyclopedia Ii - France In The Nineteenth Century - France And The French In The 19th Century
France in the nineteenth century - Geography.
At the time of the French Revolution, France had expanded to nearly her modern territoria...
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French Art Of The 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - French Art Of The 19th Century - Romanticism
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars brought great changes to the arts in France. The program of exaltation and mythification of...
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Roman Republic 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - Roman Republic 19th Century - History
On 15 November 1848, Pellegrino Rossi, Minister of Justice of the Papal Government was assassinated. The following day the residents of R...
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Drainage: Encyclopedia Ii - Drainage - Drainage In The 19th Century
From the 1881 Household Cyclopedia
This operation is always best performed in spring or summer, when the ground is dry. Main drains ought...
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Prussian Navy: Encyclopedia Ii - Prussian Navy - The 19th Century
After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Prussia slowly began to build its own small fleet for coastal defense. Again, more value was placed...
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Art Sale: Encyclopedia Ii - Art Sale - Late 19th Century
Since the last quarter of the 19th century the chief feature in art sales has been the demand for works, particularly female portraits, b...
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Irish Fiction: Encyclopedia Ii - Irish Fiction - The 19th Century
The 19th century was a golden age of fiction in English, and Irish writers were to participate fully. Although born in Oxford, Maria Edge...
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History Of Chile: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Chile - The 19th Century
The political revolt brought little social change, however, and 19th century Chilean society preserved the essence of the stratified colo...
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Ironclad Warship: Encyclopedia Ii - Ironclad Warship - 19th Century Ironclads
At the Battle of Sinope in 1853, the Russian Baltic Fleet, equipped with newly developed Paixhans guns using explosive shells, destroyed ...
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Feldwebel: Encyclopedia Ii - Feldwebel - 19th Century And German Kaiserreich
Feldwebel gained its widest usage under the German military beginning from the early 19th century. The highest ranking Non-Commissioned O...
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History Of Canberra: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Canberra - 19th Century
History of Canberra - European exploration.
European exploration began in the Canberra area as early as the 1820s. Four successive expe...
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History Of Sudan: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Sudan - 19th Century
History of Sudan - The Turkiyah.
Main article: History of Sudan (1821-1885)
In 1820–21, an Egyptian-Ottoman force conquered and uni...
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History Of Europe: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Europe - The 19th Century
After the defeat of revolutionary France, the other great powers tried to restore the situation which existed before 1789. However, their...
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History Of Guatemala: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Guatemala - The 19th Century
Guatemala gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821; it briefly became part of the Mexican Empire and then for a period belong...
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Irish Theatre: Encyclopedia Ii - Irish Theatre - The 19th Century
After Sheridan, the next Irish dramatist of historical importance was Dion Boucicault (1820–1890). Boucicault was born in Dublin but wa...
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Irish Poetry: Encyclopedia Ii - Irish Poetry - The 19th Century
During the course of the 19th century, political and economic factors resulted in the decline of the Irish language and the concurrent ri...
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History Of Denmark: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Denmark - 19th Century
History of Denmark - Napoleonic Wars.
Denmark's robust economy was shattered by the expenses and losses of the Napoleonic wars. Denmark...
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Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century - Minstrelsy
Main article: Minstrel show
Solo performers in blackface were well-known by the middle of the 19th century. Similar parodies of Africans ...
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Ironclad Warship: Encyclopedia Ii - Ironclad Warship - Pre-19th Century Ironclads
Possibly the first ironclad warships were the turtle ships (Kobukson or Geobukseon 거북선) of Korea. These are first mentioned in reco...
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Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century - African American Music
Music history of the United States in the late 19th century - Ragtime.
Main article: Ragtime
In the 1890s, more sophisticated African-A...
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History Of Lebanon: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Lebanon - 19th Century
During the nineteenth century the town of Beirut became the most important port of the region supplanting Acre further to the south. This...
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Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century - Military Marches
Main article: Military march
Military style March music enjoyed great popularity, and most towns had brass bands that performed them. The...
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Hermitage Museum: Encyclopedia Ii - Hermitage Museum - Expansion In The 19th Century
Gradually imperial collections were enriched by relics of Greek and Scythian culture, unearthed during excavations on ancient burial moun...
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Fort Nisqually: Encyclopedia Ii - Fort Nisqually - 19th Century History
Fort Nisqually was the first European trading post on the Puget Sound. The vast British fur trading enterprise, known as the Hudson's Bay...
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History Of Feminism: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Feminism - Late 19th Century
The movement is generally said to have begun in the 18th century as people increasingly came to believe that women were treated unfairly ...
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Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - Music History Of The United States In The Late 19th Century - Eastern European Immigrants
Main article: Eastern European music
Starting in the 1880s, Eastern European Jews immigrated to the US in large numbers. They brought wit...
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Quaker History: Encyclopedia Ii - Quaker History - Influential Quakers Of The 19th Century
During the 19th Century, Friends continued to have an impact on the world around them. Many of the industrial concerns started by Friends...
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Volley Gun: Encyclopedia Ii - Volley Gun - 19th Century Volley Guns
Two notable artillery-sized volley guns were developed in the mid-19th century, although neither was particularly successful in practice....
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Swoon Hypothesis: Encyclopedia Ii - Swoon Hypothesis - 18th And 19th Centuries
Early proponents of this theory include German theologian Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, who suggested in around 1780 that Jesus deliberately fei...
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History Of London: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of London - 19th Century London
During the 19th century London was transformed into the world's largest city and capital of the British Empire. Its population expanded f...
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History Of Venezuela: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Venezuela - 19th Century: Independence
The Venezuelans began to grow restive under colonial control toward the end of that century. They achieved home rule after a coup on Apri...
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History Of Paris: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Paris - Paris In The 19th Century
Under Napoleon's rule, Paris became the capital of an empire and military superpower. He crowned himself Emperor in a ceremony held in No...
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Cheyenne: Encyclopedia Ii - Cheyenne - 19th Century/indian Wars
In 1851, the first Cheyenne 'territory' was established in northern Colorado. The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 granted this territory. Tod...
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History Of Ann Arbor Michigan: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Ann Arbor Michigan - The 19th Century
Several mills, a tannery, and a general store flourished in the settlement. The general store (or tavern, again depending on the source) ...
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Portrait Miniature: Encyclopedia Ii - Portrait Miniature - England 18th And 19th Centuries
The 18th century produced a great number of miniature painters, of whom Richard Cosway (1742–1821) is the most famous. His works are of...
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Troitse-sergiyeva Lavra: Encyclopedia Ii - Troitse-sergiyeva Lavra - 18th And 19th Centuries
In 1744, Empress Elizabeth conferred on the cloister the dignity of the lavra. The metropolitan of Moscow was henceforth also the Archima...
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Geometry: Encyclopedia Ii - Geometry - The Late 18th And 19th Centuries
Geometry - Non-Euclidean geometry.
The old problem of proving Euclid’s Fifth Postulate, the "Parallel Postulate", from his first four...
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Croatia In The Habsburg Empire: Encyclopedia Ii - Croatia In The Habsburg Empire - 19th Century Up To Wwi
The governments of Austria and Hungary each tried to colonize Croatia over a period of several centuries: they imposed their languages on...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Events
19th century - 1800s.
1801: The Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland merge to form the United Kingdom.
1801-15: Barbary...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Significant People
19th century - Anthropology.
Lewis H. Morgan
Franz Boas
Edward Burnett Tylor
Karl Verner
Brothers Grimm
Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai
Johan...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Other Regions
For the rest of the world, there were few places not influenced by the West in some fashion, whether through colonialism, imperialism, or...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Significant People
19th century - Anthropology.
Franz Boas
Edward Burnett Tylor
Karl Verner
Brothers Grimm
Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai
Johann Jakob Bachofen...
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19th Century: Encyclopedia Ii - 19th Century - Inventions Discoveries Introductions
Main articles: Timeline of invention#19th_century and Timeline of scientific discoveries#1800s
Research became institutionalized at resea...
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