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19th century | A Wisdom Archive on 19th century | | 19th century A selection of articles related to 19th century | |
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19th century, 19th century, 19th century - Americas, 19th century - Decades and years, 19th century - Europe, 19th century - Events, 19th century - Inventions discoveries introductions, 19th century - Other regions, 19th century - Significant people, 19th century - 1800s, 19th century - 1810s, 19th century - 1820s, 19th century - 1830s, 19th century - 1840s, 19th century - 1850s, 19th century - 1860s, 19th century - 1870s, 19th century - 1880s, 19th century - 1890s, 19th century - Anthropology, 19th century - Literature, 19th century - Music, 19th century - Painters, 19th century - Philosophy and religion, 19th century - Politics, 19th century - Science, List of wars 1800–1899, Timeline of 19th century Islamic history, France in the nineteenth century, Russian history, 1855-1892, Mid-nineteenth century Spain, 19th-century philosophy, Timeline of trends in music (1800-1899), Nineteenth century theatre, 19th century in games, 19th century in film
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ARTICLES RELATED TO 19th century | |
| | |  19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Europe
In 1801, the Irish parliament voted to merge Ireland with England, thus creating the United Kingdom. Ireland remained under total British control until 1922, when the majority of the Irish counties, and the majority of the Irish population, broke away from England, forming the Irish Free State. The northern counties remained loyal to British control, and to this day remain separate from the rest of Ireland as Northern Ireland.
On May 17th, 1814, Norway left Danish control and declared independence. It was forced, however, to continue ...
See also:19th century, 19th century - Europe, 19th century - Americas, 19th century - Other regions, 19th century - Events, 19th century - 1800s, 19th century - 1810s, 19th century - 1820s, 19th century - 1830s, 19th century - 1840s, 19th century - 1850s, 19th century - 1860s, 19th century - 1870s, 19th century - 1880s, 19th century - 1890s, 19th century - Significant people, 19th century - Anthropology, 19th century - Painters, 19th century - Music, 19th century - Literature, 19th century - Science, 19th century - Philosophy and religion, 19th century - Politics, 19th century - Inventions discoveries introductions, 19th century - Decades and years Read more here: » 19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Europe |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Americas The United States began expansion across the North American Continent, beginning with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. This expansion was asserted to be the Manifest Destiny of the country. This was accompanied by the subjugation and dispersal of Native Americans. The expansion was accelerated by the building of transcontinental railroads, and growing numbers of immigrants. On January 24, 1848, gold was discovered in California, leading to the largest of many gold and silver "rushes" throught the century. Millions of people flocked to mines a ...
See also:19th century, 19th century - Europe, 19th century - Americas, 19th century - Other regions, 19th century - Events, 19th century - 1800s, 19th century - 1810s, 19th century - 1820s, 19th century - 1830s, 19th century - 1840s, 19th century - 1850s, 19th century - 1860s, 19th century - 1870s, 19th century - 1880s, 19th century - 1890s, 19th century - Significant people, 19th century - Anthropology, 19th century - Painters, 19th century - Music, 19th century - Literature, 19th century - Science, 19th century - Philosophy and religion, 19th century - Politics, 19th century - Inventions discoveries introductions, 19th century - Decades and years Read more here: » 19th century: Encyclopedia II - 19th century - Americas |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Montmartre - 19th century When Napoleon III and his city planner Baron Haussmann planned to make Paris the most beautiful city in Europe, a first step was to grant large sweeps of land near the center of the city to Haussmann's friends and financial supporters. This drove the original inhabitants to the edges of the city — to the districts of Clichy, La Villette, and the hill with a view of the city, Montmartre.
Since Montmartre was outside the city limits, free of Paris taxes and the local nuns made wine, the hill quickly became a popular drinking area. The ...
See also:Montmartre, Montmartre - Early history, Montmartre - 19th century, Montmartre - Artists gather, Montmartre - 21st century, Montmartre - Reference Read more here: » Montmartre: Encyclopedia II - Montmartre - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Brummagem - 19th century The pejorative use of the word was later applied to "Brummagem ware", cheap mass-produced goods such as costume jewellery manufactured in the city - not, it should be said, exclusively. Birmingham at the time was one of the world's largest industrial cities, producing a huge variety of quality goods. The significant button industry gave rise to the term 'Brummagem button': the 1836 The Pickwick Papers by Charles Dickens mentions it as a term for counterfeit silver coins, but Samuel Sidney's 1851 Rides on Railways refers to it as "an old-fas ...
See also:Brummagem, Brummagem - History, Brummagem - 19th century, Brummagem - Modern usage, Brummagem - US usage, Brummagem - Brummagem in song Read more here: » Brummagem: Encyclopedia II - Brummagem - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of Missouri - 19th century Spain, in 1800, negotiated the territory's cession back to France. The French ruler, Napoleon, reasoned that the territory could not be protected from the expanding United States. He then sold it to the U.S. under President Thomas Jefferson for $11 million in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition set out in 1804 to map the region and in 1805, the Louisiana Territory w ...
See also:History of Missouri, History of Missouri - 17th century, History of Missouri - 18th century, History of Missouri - 19th century, History of Missouri - Civil War, History of Missouri - 20th century Read more here: » History of Missouri: Encyclopedia II - History of Missouri - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Quebec Literature - 19th century The 19th century marks the beginning of the first real literary works published by Quebecers, including Michel Bibaud, Pierre Boucher de Boucherville, François Réal Angers, Philippe Aubert de Gaspé (son), Amédée Papineau, Joseph Doutre, François-Xavier Garneau, Pierre Jean Olivier Chauveau, John Huston, Louis-Antoine Dessaulles, H.-Émile Chevalier.
By 1860s, Quebec authors were able to acquire a certain autonomy. It was ...
See also:Quebec Literature, Quebec Literature - 16th and 17th centuries, Quebec Literature - 18th century, Quebec Literature - 19th century, Quebec Literature - 20th century Read more here: » Quebec Literature: Encyclopedia II - Quebec Literature - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of Birmingham - 19th century In 1802, Nelson and the Hamiltons visited Birmingham. Nelson was fêted, and visited Matthew Boulton on his sick-bed at Soho House, before taking atour of the Soho Manufactory and commissioning the Battle of the Nile medal. In 1809 a statue was erected to Nelson, by public subscription. It still stands, in the Bull Ring, albeit on a 1960s plinth.
At the beginning of the 19th century, Birmingham had a population of around 74,000. By the end of the century it had grown to 630,000. This rapid population growth meant that by the middle of the century Birmingham had b ...
See also:History of Birmingham, History of Birmingham - Ancient history, History of Birmingham - Saxon Birmingham, History of Birmingham - Medieval Birmingham, History of Birmingham - 16th and 17th centuries, History of Birmingham - 18th century, History of Birmingham - 19th century, History of Birmingham - Improvements, History of Birmingham - Expansion, History of Birmingham - 20th century, History of Birmingham - Diversity, History of Birmingham - Regeneration, History of Birmingham - Historic population Read more here: » History of Birmingham: Encyclopedia II - History of Birmingham - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Shakespeare's reputation - 19th century
Shakespeare's reputation - Shakespeare in performance.
Theatres and theatrical scenery became ever more elaborate in the 19th century, and the acting editions used were progressively cut and restructured to emphasize more and more the soliloquies and the stars, at the expense of pace and action. Performances were further slowed by the need for frequent pauses to change the scenery, creating a perceived need for even more cuts in order to keep performance length within tolerable limits; it became a generally accep ...
See also:Shakespeare's reputation, Shakespeare's reputation - 17th century, Shakespeare's reputation - 18th century, Shakespeare's reputation - Britain, Shakespeare's reputation - Elsewhere in Europe, Shakespeare's reputation - 19th century, Shakespeare's reputation - Shakespeare in performance, Shakespeare's reputation - Shakespeare in criticism, Shakespeare's reputation - 20th century, Shakespeare's reputation - Film, Shakespeare's reputation - Poetry, Shakespeare's reputation - Critical quotations Read more here: » Shakespeare's reputation: Encyclopedia II - Shakespeare's reputation - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of California - 19th century
History of California - Russian exploration.
In the early 1800s, fur trappers of the Russian Empire, which had already claimed Alaska, briefly explored the coast and set up trading posts as far south as Fort Ross in modern-day Sonoma County. They hunted for sea otter pelts as far south as the Channel Islands (across from modern Santa Barbara). A prominent marriage between a leading Californio family and an Imperial noble almost caused Russian trade to advance into Southern California. The scion from Russia, howev ...
See also:History of California, History of California - Prehistory, History of California - 16th century, History of California - European exploration, History of California - 17th century, History of California - Other Spanish expeditions, History of California - 18th century, History of California - Spanish colonization, History of California - British influences, History of California - 19th century, History of California - Russian exploration, History of California - Ranchos, History of California - Mexican California, History of California - California Republic, History of California - Statehood, History of California - 20th century Read more here: » History of California: Encyclopedia II - History of California - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of Jersey - 19th century The livre tournois had been used as the legal currency for centuries. However, it was abolished during the French Revolutionary period. Although the coins were no longer minted, it remained the legal currency in Jersey until 1837 when dwindling supplies of livres tournois and consequent difficulties in trade and payment obliged the adoption of the pound sterling as legal tender.
The military roads constructed (on occasion at gunpoint in the face of opposition from landowners) by the Governor, General George Don, to link coastal fortif ...
See also:History of Jersey, History of Jersey - Prehistory, History of Jersey - Christianity, History of Jersey - Normans, History of Jersey - Self-government from 1204, History of Jersey - Reformation to Restoration, History of Jersey - 18th century, History of Jersey - 19th century, History of Jersey - 20th century, History of Jersey - Reference Read more here: » History of Jersey: Encyclopedia II - History of Jersey - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Women artists - 19th century Artists from this period include Constance Mayer, Marie Ellenrieder, Rosa Bonheur, Elizabeth Butler, Berthe Morisot, Mary Cassatt, Camille Claudel, Suzanne Valadon and Lucy Bacon.
Women such as Marie Ellenrieder and Marie-Denise Villers worked in the field of portraiture in the beginning of the century, and Rosa Bonheur excelled in realist painting and sculpture.
Photography was a new medium in this era and several woman became well-known in the field such as ...
See also:Women artists, Women artists - Issues in constructing a history of women artists, Women artists - Ancient and classical period, Women artists - Medieval era, Women artists - Renaissance era, Women artists - Baroque era, Women artists - 18th century, Women artists - 19th century, Women artists - 20th century, Women artists - Partial bibliography Read more here: » Women artists: Encyclopedia II - Women artists - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of geography - 19th century One of the great works of this time was Kosmos: a sketch of a physical description of the Universe, by Alexander von Humboldt, the first volume of which was published in 1845. Such was the power of this work that Dr Mary Somerville, of Cambridge University intended to scrap publication of her own Physical Geography on reading Kosmos. Von Humboldt himself persuaded her to publish (after the publisher sent him a copy).
Over the past two centuries the quantity of knowledge and the number of tools has exploded. There are strong links between geography and the sciences of geology and bota ...
See also:History of geography, History of geography - The Greeks the Romans and the Arabs, History of geography - Marco Polo, History of geography - 18th century, History of geography - 19th century, History of geography - 20th century, History of geography - Environmental determinism, History of geography - Regional science, History of geography - The Quantitative revolution, History of geography - Critical geography Read more here: » History of geography: Encyclopedia II - History of geography - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - History of Bolivia - 19th century Independence did not bring stability. For nearly 60 years, coups and short-lived constitutions dominated Bolivian politics. Bolivia's military weakness was demonstrated during the War of the Pacific (1879 – 1883), when it lost its seacoast and the adjoining rich nitrate fields to Chile. An increase in the world price of silver brought Bolivia a measure of relative prosperity and political stability in the late 1800s.
During the early part of the 20th century, tin replaced silver as the country's most important source of wealth. A su ...
See also:History of Bolivia, History of Bolivia - Pre-Colombian times, History of Bolivia - Spanish colonial period and independence, History of Bolivia - Spanish Conquest of Bolivia, History of Bolivia - Spanish Administration, History of Bolivia - Struggle for Independence, History of Bolivia - 19th century, History of Bolivia - 20th century, History of Bolivia - 21st century, History of Bolivia - Reference Read more here: » History of Bolivia: Encyclopedia II - History of Bolivia - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Jamestown Virginia - 19th century During the American Civil War, in 1861, Confederate William Allen, who owned the Jamestown Island, occupied Jamestown with troops he raised at his own expense with the intention of blockading the James River, and therefore protecting Richmond, from the Union Navy. He was soon joined by Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger Jones, who directed the building of batteries and conducted ordnance and armor tests for the first Confederate ironclad warship CSS Virginia (formerly known as the Merrimac) at the site. By the end of 1861, Jamestown h ...
See also:Jamestown Virginia, Jamestown Virginia - Settlement, Jamestown Virginia - Growth and development, Jamestown Virginia - Later Colonial Era, Jamestown Virginia - 18th century, Jamestown Virginia - 19th century, Jamestown Virginia - 20th century, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown Exposition of 1907, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown National Historic Site, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown Festival Park, Jamestown Virginia - APVA archaeological campaign, Jamestown Virginia - 21st century Read more here: » Jamestown Virginia: Encyclopedia II - Jamestown Virginia - 19th century |
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| | | | 19th century: Encyclopedia II - Jamestown Virginia - 19th century During the American Civil War, in 1861, Confederate William Allen, who owned the Jamestown Island, occupied Jamestown with troops he raised at his own expense with the intention of blockading the James River, and therefore protecting Richmond, from the Union Navy. He was soon joined by Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger Jones, who directed the building of batteries and conducted ordnance and armor tests for the first Confederate ironclad warship CSS Virginia (formerly known as the Merrimac) at the site. By the end of 1861, Jamestown h ...
See also:Jamestown Virginia, Jamestown Virginia - Settlement, Jamestown Virginia - Growth and development, Jamestown Virginia - Later Colonial Era, Jamestown Virginia - 18th century, Jamestown Virginia - 19th century, Jamestown Virginia - 20th century, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown Exposition of 1907, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown National Historic Site, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown Festival Park, Jamestown Virginia - Jamestown Settlement, Jamestown Virginia - APVA archaeological campaign, Jamestown Virginia - 21st century Read more here: » Jamestown Virginia: Encyclopedia II - Jamestown Virginia - 19th century |
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