1990s - Criticism of the 1990s

August Wilson (April 27, 1945 – October 2, 2005) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning American playwright. His singular achievement and literary legacy is a cycle of ten plays, each set in a different decade, depicting the comedy and tragedy of the African-American experience in the 20th century. August Wilson - Biography. Born Frederick August Kittel in Pittsburgh's Hill District, fourth of six children of Frederick Kittel, an immigrant German baker who seldom spent time with his family, and Daisy Wilson ...

Including:

• August Wilson - Biography
• August Wilson - Literary works
• August Wilson - The Pittsburgh Cycle
• August Wilson - Awards and tributes

Read more here: » August Wilson: Encyclopedia - August Wilson

Criticism of medicine has a long history. In the Middle Ages, it was not considered a profession suitable for Christians, as disease was considered Godsent, and interfering with the process a form of blasphemy. Barber-surgeons generally had a bad reputation that was not to improve until the development of academic surgery as a speciality of medicine, rather than an accessory field. Through the course of the twentieth century, doctors focused increasingly on the technology that was enabling them to make dramatic improvements in patient ...

See also:

Medicine, Medicine - History of medicine, Medicine - Practice of medicine, Medicine - Healthcare delivery systems, Medicine - Patient-doctor relationship, Medicine - Clinical skills, Medicine - Settings where medical care is delivered, Medicine - Branches of medicine, Medicine - Basic sciences, Medicine - Diagnostic specialties, Medicine - Clinical disciplines, Medicine - Interdisciplinary fields, Medicine - Medical education, Medicine - Medical devices, Medicine - Legal restrictions, Medicine - Criticism

Read more here: » Medicine: Encyclopedia II - Medicine - Criticism

2000s - United States. Fashion slowly becomes less grungy and more excessive as the wearing of flannel by people under 30 declines and acid-washed jeans and shaggy hair become again commonplace for boys and men. For girls and women hoop earrings, originally popular in the 1980s and early 1990s, return to style circa 2004. Wearing baseball caps backwards peacefully falls out of style, in favor of wearing them sideways or forwards. Sunglasses begin to become less widespread as a fashion statement, un ...

See also:

2000s, 2000s - The decade as a whole, 2000s - Names of the decade, 2000s - Criticisms of the Decade, 2000s - Events and trends, 2000s - Technology, 2000s - Science, 2000s - War peace and politics, 2000s - Economics, 2000s - Culture and religion, 2000s - Other, 2000s - Trends and Fashion, 2000s - United States, 2000s - Music, 2000s - United States and Canada, 2000s - Europe, 2000s - Latin America/Caribbean, 2000s - Film, 2000s - Video Games, 2000s - Television and Radio, 2000s - Sports, 2000s - People, 2000s - World leaders, 2000s - Entertainers, 2000s - Sports figures

Read more here: » 2000s: Encyclopedia II - 2000s - Trends and Fashion

Heim Theory is unknown to a majority of scientists and theoretical physicists. Until fairly recently, most of Heim's works were only published in German. English papers are now becoming available primarily due to the efforts of a small group of scientists associated with the Heim Theory Group[6]. For example, a paper on Heim theory and space propulsion was published by the American Institute of Physics early in 2005, having undergone a formal peer review. This paper [7] was judged of such high merit by the AIAA that it was awarded the 2005 p ...

See also:

Burkhard Heim, Burkhard Heim - Academic and work history, Burkhard Heim - 1940s and 1950s, Burkhard Heim - 1960s, Burkhard Heim - 1970s, Burkhard Heim - 1980s, Burkhard Heim - 1990s to 2001, Burkhard Heim - Early life, Burkhard Heim - Heim's life and health, Burkhard Heim - Legacy, Burkhard Heim - Debate, Burkhard Heim - Support for his theory, Burkhard Heim - Posthumous results, Burkhard Heim - Scientific criticism, Burkhard Heim - Heim in popular culture

Read more here: » Burkhard Heim: Encyclopedia II - Burkhard Heim - Scientific criticism

Dead white men or DWEM (an acronym standing for "Dead White European Male"), is a pejorative term used most commonly to refer to a tradition of thought and pedagogy which stresses the importance of individual European males from the past, at the expense of other forces (economic or social, for example) or groups of people (for example, non-Europeans and women). Some of those most often included in this definition include Plato, Dante, Chri ...

Including:

• Dead White Males - History and usage
• Dead White Males - Critics of the term
• Dead White Males - Popular culture

Read more here: » Dead White Males: Encyclopedia - Dead White Males

The music of Marsalis was part of a movement during the early 1990s countering the perceived excesses of free jazz and fusion. During this period, the styles of Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker and early jazz masters were studied and revitalized. This reinterpretation of earlier music has helped preserve earlier traditions within the genre. Marsalis's musicianship, his command of jazz history, and outspoken advocacy of the music brought him to the fore of this group of "Young Lions," as they'd come to be called, who sou ...

See also:

Wynton Marsalis, Wynton Marsalis - Biography, Wynton Marsalis - Music, Wynton Marsalis - Controversy, Wynton Marsalis - Awards and recognitions, Wynton Marsalis - Discography, Wynton Marsalis - Samples, Wynton Marsalis - External links

Read more here: » Wynton Marsalis: Encyclopedia II - Wynton Marsalis - Music

Critics, including many mainstream medical doctors and scientists, often reject the claims of some chiropractic associations and schools as pseudoscience, quackery, or fraud. Advocates believe at least some of this criticism was encouraged by the American Medical Association during the 1970s and early 1980s in what they have labeled "anti-chiropractic prejudice". In 1985, The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF), a non-profit healthcare watch-dog group, issued a position statement critical of chiropractic.

Chiropractic, Chiropractic - History, Chiropractic - Chiropractic subluxation, Chiropractic - Usage, Chiropractic - Chiropractic education licensure and regulation, Chiropractic - United States, Chiropractic - Philosophical schools of chiropractic, Chiropractic - Criticism of chiropractic, Chiropractic - Safety concerns

Read more here: » Chiropractic: Encyclopedia II - Chiropractic - Criticism of chiropractic

Buddhism in the modern world

An overview of Buddhism in Modern Asia and Buddhism in West.

Read more here: » Modern Buddhism: Buddhism in the modern world

Indigo children are supposedly a set of children having certain special psychological and spiritual attributes. The indigo child concept was first popularized by the book, The Indigo Children, written by the husband and wife team of Lee Carroll and Jan Tober1, with the contributions of medical doctors, psychologists, and parents whose essays are included in the text. The adjective "indigo" is used because it is claimed these children appear with an indigo-hued aura.

(See also: Indigo Children, What is Indigo Children, Parenting Indigo Children, Adult Indigo, Indigo Children Channeling)

Read more here: » Indigo Children: Indigo children in Wikipedia  

COBOL is a third-generation programming language. Its name is an acronym, for COmmon Business Oriented Language, defining its primary domain in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. The COBOL 2002 standard includes support for object-oriented programming and other modern language features. However, most of this article is based on COBOL 85. COBOL - Prehistory and specification. COBOL was initially created in 1959 by The Short R ...

Including:

• COBOL - Prehistory and specification
• COBOL - Defining features
• COBOL - Still going strong
• COBOL - Hello world
• COBOL - Opposing views on COBOL
• COBOL - Criticism
• COBOL - Defense

Read more here: » COBOL: Encyclopedia - COBOL

2000s - Technology. A huge jump in broadband internet usage, from 6% of U.S. internet users in June, 2000 to what one study predicts will be 62% by 2010. Boom in music downloading and the use of data compression to quickly transfer music over the Internet, with a corresponding rise of portable digital audio players typified by Apple Computer's iPod. Digital cameras become very popular due to rapid decreases in size and cost while photo resolution steadily increases. Sales of film reel came ...

See also:

2000s, 2000s - The decade as a whole, 2000s - Names of the decade, 2000s - Criticisms of the Decade, 2000s - Events and trends, 2000s - Technology, 2000s - Science, 2000s - War peace and politics, 2000s - Economics, 2000s - Culture and religion, 2000s - Other, 2000s - Trends and Fashion, 2000s - United States, 2000s - Music, 2000s - United States and Canada, 2000s - Europe, 2000s - Latin America/Caribbean, 2000s - Film, 2000s - Video Games, 2000s - Television and Radio, 2000s - Sports, 2000s - People, 2000s - World leaders, 2000s - Entertainers, 2000s - Sports figures

Read more here: » 2000s: Encyclopedia II - 2000s - Events and trends

Regardless of the "representativeness" of the advocacy groups, the doctors began to listen. Within a short time re-evaluation of intersex management was a major topic in the journals and the meetings of the pediatric endocrinologists and urologists. There was no international "registry" of genital reconstructive surgery. Most cases of this type of surgery were being carried out in a relatively small number of centers. Several of the larger institutions embarked on individual and collaborative retrospective outcome studies, attempting to cont ...

See also:

History of intersex surgery, History of intersex surgery - Surgical pioneering and the discovery that gender is constructed, History of intersex surgery - Triumph of infant surgery and nurture over nature, History of intersex surgery - Complications arise both in the theories and in the patients, History of intersex surgery - Nature back on top: surgeons go from hero to villain in 3 years, History of intersex surgery - Outcomes and statistics, History of intersex surgery - Controversy

Read more here: » History of intersex surgery: Encyclopedia II - History of intersex surgery - Outcomes and statistics

Sun Myung Moon - Life in Korea. Sun Myung Moon was born Moon Yong-myung in Sangsa-ri, Deogun-myun, Jeongju-gun, North P'yŏng'an Province, Korea (now in North Korea) to Moon Kyung-yoo and Kim Kyung-gye. The Moon family held traditional Confucianist beliefs, but converted to Christianity when he was about 10 years old. On Easter morning in 1935, when he was 16 (in Korean age reckoning), Moon says he had a vision or revelation of Jesus while praying atop a small mountain. According to Moon, Jesus implored him to co ...

See also:

Sun Myung Moon, Sun Myung Moon - Name and forms of address, Sun Myung Moon - Biography, Sun Myung Moon - Life in Korea, Sun Myung Moon - Marriage, Sun Myung Moon - Views on Communism, Sun Myung Moon - Leading the Unification Church overseas, Sun Myung Moon - Arrival in the United States, Sun Myung Moon - 1980s, Sun Myung Moon - 1990s, Sun Myung Moon - 2000s, Sun Myung Moon - General criticism, Sun Myung Moon - Prison terms, Sun Myung Moon - Other issues, Sun Myung Moon - Sociological views

Read more here: » Sun Myung Moon: Encyclopedia II - Sun Myung Moon - Biography

Prior to its popularity, grunge was listened to mostly by those who played the music. Bands would play at clubs with very few people in attendance, most of which were from other performing bands. Others who listened to the music in those early days were often people who were "just trying to get out of the rain" as many attendants would claim. As bands began to issue albums, independent labels became the key catalysts in bringing the music to the local public. Many of the more successful bands of the era were associated with Seattle's Sub Pop ...

See also:

Grunge music, Grunge music - Style roots and influences, Grunge music - Mainstream popularity, Grunge music - Decline of mainstream popularity, Grunge music - Media, Grunge music - Prominent bands, Grunge music - Notes

Read more here: » Grunge music: Encyclopedia II - Grunge music - Mainstream popularity

Numan rose to prominence at the tail end of the 1970s, initially recording under the band name Tubeway Army. After recording an album's worth of punky demos, he was signed by Beggars Banquet Records in 1978 and quickly released two singles, neither of which charted. A self-titled, New Wave oriented debut album later that same year sold out its limited run and introduced Numan's fascination with dystopian science fiction and, more importantly, synthesisers. Almost from nowhere, Tubeway Army reached number one in 1979 with the powerful single "Are 'Friends' Electric?", the parent album Replicas simultaneously climbi ...

See also:

Gary Numan, Gary Numan - Career, Gary Numan - 1980s, Gary Numan - 1990s, Gary Numan - Resurrection of career, Gary Numan - Personal life, Gary Numan - Discography, Gary Numan - Singles, Gary Numan - Albums

Read more here: » Gary Numan: Encyclopedia II - Gary Numan - Career

After Walt Disney Productions, the world-renowned studio that had been struggling to get by since its founder's death in 1966, narrowly survived takeover attempts by corporate raiders, shareholders Sid Bass and Roy E. Disney brought on Eisner and former Warner Brothers chief Frank Wells to turn the company's dire situation around. During the second half of the 1980s and 1990s, the studio quickly revitalised, becoming one of the world's largest media companies. Under Eisner and Wells's leadership, Disney rebuilt its once legendary anim ...

See also:

Michael Eisner, Michael Eisner - Early life, Michael Eisner - ABC and Paramount, Michael Eisner - Disney, Michael Eisner - The Save Disney war and Eisner's ouster, Michael Eisner - Post-Disney, Michael Eisner - Portrayl in film and television, Michael Eisner - Personal life, Michael Eisner - External link

Read more here: » Michael Eisner: Encyclopedia II - Michael Eisner - Disney

African American - Political overtones. The term African American carries important political overtones. Previous terms used to identify Americans of African ancestry were conferred upon the group by whites and were included in the wording of various laws and legal decisions which became tools of white supremacy and oppression. There developed among blacks in America a growing desire for a term of their own choosing. With the political consciousness that emerged from the political and social ferment ...

See also:

African American, African American - Nomenclature, African American - Current Demographics, African American - African American history, African American - Ethnicity, African American - Contemporary issues, African American - Culture, African American - The term African American, African American - Political overtones, African American - Criticism of term, African American - Who is African American?, African American - Terms no longer in common use, African American - Black American population, African American - Other groups, African American - Footnotes

Read more here: » African American: Encyclopedia II - African American - The term African American

The NAACP's headquarters is in Baltimore, Maryland, with additional regional offices in California, New York, Michigan, Missouri, Georgia, Texas, and Maryland. Each regional office is responsible for coordinating the efforts of state conferences in the states included in that region. Local, youth, and college chapters organize activities for individual members. The NAACP is governed nationally by a 64-member board of directors led by a chairman. The board elects one person as the president and chief executive officer for the organizat ...

See also:

NAACP, NAACP - Organization, NAACP - History, NAACP - Fighting Jim Crow, NAACP - Desegregation, NAACP - The 1990s: Crisis and restored strength, NAACP - Critics and supporters, NAACP - Bush declines to speak to the NAACP, NAACP - Timeline, NAACP - Influential court cases, NAACP - Sources and further reading

Read more here: » NAACP: Encyclopedia II - NAACP - Organization

Under the management of Laurent Beaudoin, Bombardier's son-in-law, the company took over the Canadian government-owned Canadair aircraft manufacturing company in Montreal that had recorded the largest corporate loss in Canadian business history. Bombardier became a leading manufacturer of business jets, regional aircraft, and trains. Besides the Challenger and Global business jets, in 1990 Bombardier acquired the Learjet Company of Wichita, Kansas, builder of the Learjet business aircraft. The aerospace arm, Bombardier Aerospace, accounts fo ...

See also:

Bombardier, Bombardier - History, Bombardier - Global expansion, Bombardier - Criticisms, Bombardier - Corporate governance

Read more here: » Bombardier: Encyclopedia II - Bombardier - Global expansion

The Vines - Garage days. The original version of the Vines met in suburban Sydney in the mid 1990s where Craig Nicholls, Patrick Matthews and David Olliffe met while working at their local McDonalds. They decided to form a band with Nicholls on guitar and vocals, Matthews on bass and vocals and Olliffe on drums. The band played Nirvana covers at parties while working on developing a sound of their own on Nicholls' four-track recorder. The band was named the Vines because Nicholls' father played in a Sydney band called the Vynes. The Vines - Highly Ev ...

See also:

The Vines, The Vines - History, The Vines - Garage days, The Vines - Highly Evolved - worldwide success, The Vines - Winning Days, The Vines - New Album, The Vines - Asperger's Syndrome, The Vines - Band members, The Vines - Discography, The Vines - Albums, The Vines - Singles

Read more here: » The Vines: Encyclopedia II - The Vines - History