1980s - Music

VH-1's popularity and clearance (number of cable systems carrying the channel) was minimal until the fledgling network was acquired by Viacom (along with MTV, Nickelodeon, and Showtime) and placed into the MTV Networks stable. In 1994, in a bid to make itself more noticeable, VH-1 started to market itself as the "new VH1: Music First," and dropping the hyphen from its official name, and introduced its new "Big 1" logo. It altered its format slightly from adult contemporary (AC) to adult top 40, now including musicians such as Ace of Base, Me ...

See also:

VH1, VH1 - Overview, VH1 - Sister Channels, VH1 - International Channels, VH1 - VH1 Australia, VH1 - VH1 Brazil, VH1 - VH1 Europe, VH1 - VH-1 Germany, VH1 - VH1 India, VH1 - VH1 Latin America, VH1 - VH1 UK, VH1 - VH1 Indonesia, VH1 - VH1 Thailand, VH1 - Popular VH1 Programs

Read more here: » VH1: Encyclopedia II - VH1 - Overview

For many years, due to British advertising restrictions, Radio Luxembourg was the only station available in the UK that could advertise tampons. By the 1980s Luxembourg claimed to be broadcasting with 1.3 megawatts, making it the world's single most powerful commercial broadcaster in the medium wave range, at least in terms of individual transmitter power. It was certainly the most powerful commercial medium wave station in Europe, at least. The transmitter of Radio Luxembourg is situated in Marnach. Only some governmental stations, e.g. Transmitter Solt in Hungary and the Voice of Russia, used higher pow ...

See also:

Radio Luxembourg, Radio Luxembourg - History, Radio Luxembourg - Today, Radio Luxembourg - Trivia, Radio Luxembourg - Variations in Radio Luxembourg's sign-on through the years, Radio Luxembourg - Radio Luxembourg's sign-off music through the years, Radio Luxembourg - Transmitters for the French programme

Read more here: » Radio Luxembourg: Encyclopedia II - Radio Luxembourg - Trivia

The history of modern Slovenian music can be traced back to the 5th century, when Christianity spread in the Duchy of Carantania. Liturgical hymns (kyrie eleison) were introduced, and became the first plainchant to make a connection to the peoples' language. During the midieval era, secular music was as popular as church music, including wandering minnesingers. By the time of Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, music was used to proselytize. The first Slovenian hymnal, Eni Psalmi, was published in 1567. This peri ...

See also:

Music of Slovenia, Music of Slovenia - History

Read more here: » Music of Slovenia: Encyclopedia II - Music of Slovenia - History

The electric guitar can be played either solo or with other instruments. It has been used in numerous genres of popular music, as well as (much less frequently) classical music. Electric guitar - Rock and jazz. In rock music, the electric guitar is generally used in conjunction with electric bass guitar and drum set. When two electric guitars are used, one generally plays the role of "lead" guitar and the other is the "rhythm" guitar. Electric guita ...

See also:

Electric guitar, Electric guitar - Operation, Electric guitar - History, Electric guitar - Fender, Electric guitar - Gibson, Electric guitar - Types of electric guitar, Electric guitar - Pickups, Electric guitar - The physical principle, Electric guitar - Electric guitar sound and effects, Electric guitar - Uses, Electric guitar - Rock and jazz, Electric guitar - Contemporary classical music, Electric guitar - Common Brands

Read more here: » Electric guitar: Encyclopedia II - Electric guitar - Uses

Vietnam's third constitution, based on that of the USSR, was written in 1980. Through the 1980s, Vietnam received nearly $3 billion a year in economic and military aid from the Soviet Union and conducted most of its trade with the USSR and other Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) countries. ...

See also:

History of Vietnam, History of Vietnam - Origins, History of Vietnam - Early Independence, History of Vietnam - Dynastic Period, History of Vietnam - The Changing Names, History of Vietnam - Colonization, History of Vietnam - Post World War II Period, History of Vietnam - Aftermath of the Vietnam War and Reunification, History of Vietnam - Cambodia and the Sino-Vietnamese War, History of Vietnam - 1980s, History of Vietnam - Reforms

Read more here: » History of Vietnam: Encyclopedia II - History of Vietnam - 1980s

In the late 1980's and early 1990's, one of the most prominent figures of the Norwegian scene was Øystein Aarseth, better known as Euronymous, the guitarist in Mayhem. The scene was deeply anti-Christian (or in combination with anti Judeo-Muslim ideas associated with NSBM), and had a stated goal of removing the influence of Christianity and other non-Scandinavian religions from Norwegian culture and effecting a return to the nation's Norse roots. The movement was largely directed by an 'Inner Circle', made up of Aarseth and a few clo ...

See also:

Black metal, Black metal - Characteristics, Black metal - History, Black metal - Literature

Read more here: » Black metal: Encyclopedia II - Black metal - History

The Smurfs - Satanic rumors. During 1983, rumors of the Smurfs' Satanic activities spread across Puerto Rico. Those who believed the theory claimed seeing Smurfs below plants in their houses, next to their beds, dressed as the devil, etc. As Telemundo Puerto Rico had just begun to telecast Smurfs programs that year, a possibility exists that a rival television channel started the rumors. The rumors spread like wildfire through the religiously conservative Latin America, where people went so far as to claim ...

See also:

The Smurfs, The Smurfs - History, The Smurfs - Johan & Pirlouit, The Smurfs - Comic series, The Smurfs - Animated Smurfs, The Smurfs - Smurf Figurines, The Smurfs - Smurfs on Ice, The Smurfs - Later Years, The Smurfs - Rumors, The Smurfs - Satanic rumors, The Smurfs - Smurf Communism, The Smurfs - Smurf Universe, The Smurfs - The Smurfs, The Smurfs - Smurf Language, The Smurfs - Smurf Village, The Smurfs - List of Smurfs, The Smurfs - Voices in the Hanna-Barbera series, The Smurfs - The Smurfs in other languages, The Smurfs - Similar creatures

Read more here: » The Smurfs: Encyclopedia II - The Smurfs - Rumors

Hip hop is a cultural movement, of which music is a part (as are graffiti and breakdancing). The music is itself composed of two parts, rapping, the delivery of swift, highly rhythmic and lyrical vocals, and DJing, the production of instrumentation either through sampling, instrumentation, turntablism or beatboxing. Another important factor of Hip-Hop music is the fashion that originated along with the music. The fashion was a representation of the music. See also:

Hip hop music, Hip hop music - Term usage, Hip hop music - Characteristics, Hip hop music - Rhythmic structure, Hip hop music - Instrumentation & production, Hip hop music - History, Hip hop music - Origins, Hip hop music - Old school hip hop 1970–1986, Hip hop music - Golden age hip hop 1986–1993, Hip hop music - Modern era of hip hop 1993–present, Hip hop music - Social impact, Hip hop music - Musical impact, Hip hop music - Censorship issues, Hip hop music - Media, Hip hop music - Samples

Read more here: » Hip hop music: Encyclopedia II - Hip hop music - Characteristics

Doctor Who has always appeared on the BBC's mainstream BBC One channel, drawing audiences of many millions of viewers. It was most popular in the late 1970s, when audiences frequently averaged as high as 12 million viewers per airing. During the ITV network strike of 1979, viewership peaked at 16 million. No first-run episode of Doctor Who has ever drawn fewer than three million viewers on BBC One, although its late 1980s performance of three to five million regular viewers was seen as being poor at the time, and was, according ...

See also:

Doctor Who, Doctor Who - History, Doctor Who - Format, Doctor Who - The Doctor, Doctor Who - Companions, Doctor Who - Adversaries, Doctor Who - Music, Doctor Who - Viewership, Doctor Who - Missing episodes, Doctor Who - Adaptations and other appearances, Doctor Who - Charity episodes, Doctor Who - Other programmes

Read more here: » Doctor Who: Encyclopedia II - Doctor Who - Viewership

The duo's occasional songwriting collaborator, Janna Allen (sister of Sara), died of leukemia in 1993. Hall and Oates released the Marigold Sky album in 1997 (their first all-new studio album in seven years), which included an adult contemporary hit "Promise Ain't Enough." They also released a "VH1 Behind The Music" Greatest Hits package shortly after appearing on the show in 2002. At the same time, Hall and Sara Allen, professional and personal collaborators, broke off their ...

See also:

Hall & Oates, Hall & Oates - First albums 1972-1974, Hall & Oates - First Hits 1975-1977, Hall & Oates - Leaner Years and Sacred Songs 1978-1980, Hall & Oates - Voices 1980, Hall & Oates - Private Eyes 1981, Hall & Oates - H₂O 1982, Hall & Oates - Rock N' Soul 1983, Hall & Oates - Big Bam Boom 1984, Hall & Oates - Live at the Apollo! 1985, Hall & Oates - Daryl Hall's solo album 1986, Hall & Oates - The Arista Years 1988-1990, Hall & Oates - Later work, Hall & Oates - Legacy, Hall & Oates - Discography, Hall & Oates - Albums, Hall & Oates - Singles and US Hot 100 history, Hall & Oates - Bibliography

Read more here: » Hall & Oates: Encyclopedia II - Hall & Oates - Later work

Bucharest's has a diverse and growing cultural scene, with cultural life exhibited in a number of various fields, including the visual arts, performing arts and nightlife. Unlike other parts of Romania, such as the Black Sea coast or Transylvania, Bucharest's cultural scene is much more eclectic, without a defined style, and instead incorporates various elements of Romanian and international culture. See also:

Bucharest, Bucharest - Geography and climate, Bucharest - Geography, Bucharest - Climate, Bucharest - Law and government, Bucharest - Administration, Bucharest - Justice system, Bucharest - Crime, Bucharest - History, Bucharest - Treaties signed in Bucharest, Bucharest - Demographics, Bucharest - Economy, Bucharest - Transport, Bucharest - Culture, Bucharest - Landmarks, Bucharest - Visual arts, Bucharest - Performing arts, Bucharest - Music and nightlife, Bucharest - Traditional culture, Bucharest - Cultural events and festivals, Bucharest - Architecture, Bucharest - Historical architecture, Bucharest - Communist architecture, Bucharest - Modern architecture, Bucharest - Education, Bucharest - Media, Bucharest - Sports, Bucharest - Portrayal in film and fiction, Bucharest - Notes

Read more here: » Bucharest: Encyclopedia II - Bucharest - Culture

2Step (also known as 2 step, two step or 2 step garage) is a typically British style of modern dance music, and one of the two major sub-genres of UK Garage (although UK Garage is sometimes imprecisely used as a synonym for 2Step), together with its brother 4x4 Garage. 2Step - History. The roots of 2Step are embedded in (US) garage, a form of house music named after the legendary New York club Paradise Garage, where some DJs (e.g. Larry Levan) started playing this style of dance music d ...

Including:

• 2Step - History
• 2Step - Characteristics
• 2Step - Bass kick and snare drum
• 2Step - Other drum sounds
• 2Step - Bass
• 2Step - Heavy shuffle
• 2Step - Tune
• 2Step - MCs
• 2Step - Notable tracks

Read more here: » 2Step: Encyclopedia - 2Step

Billy Connolly - Folk music. Together with Tam Harvey he started a group called the Humblebums, which later included Gerry Rafferty. Connolly sang, played banjo and guitar and entertained the audience with his humorous introductions to the songs. Eventually the duo broke up and Billy went solo. His first solo album in 1972, Billy Connolly Live! on Transatlantic Records, features Bi ...

See also:

Billy Connolly, Billy Connolly - Early life, Billy Connolly - Career, Billy Connolly - Folk music, Billy Connolly - Stand-up comedy, Billy Connolly - Film actor, Billy Connolly - Recently, Billy Connolly - Awards, Billy Connolly - Filmography, Billy Connolly - Television

Read more here: » Billy Connolly: Encyclopedia II - Billy Connolly - Career

Four Organs (1970) deals specifically with augmentation, and was based on a piece written in 1967, Slow Motion Sound, which was more of a prototype piece. Having never been performed, the idea of slowing down a recorded sound until many times its original length without changing pitch or timbre was applied to Four Organs. The result was a piece with maracas playing a fast quaver pulse, while the four organs stress certain quavers using an 11th chord. This work therefore dealt with rhythmic change and repetition. It is un ...

See also:

Steve Reich, Steve Reich - Early life and work, Steve Reich - Process music and Minimalism, Steve Reich - The 1970s, Steve Reich - The 1980s, Steve Reich - New directions, Steve Reich - Influence, Steve Reich - Reich on himself, Steve Reich - Works, Steve Reich - Selected Discography

Read more here: » Steve Reich: Encyclopedia II - Steve Reich - The 1970s

Over the next few years they achieved their greatest commercial success and continued to demonstrate their versatility. In 1980 the medium tempo dance single, "He's So Shy", reached number three on the charts, and the following year a slow, sultry, country and western flavoured song "Slow Hand" reached number two. "American Music" and "Should I Do It" were 1950s pop, while "I'm So Excited" was a frenetic contemporary dance track. All were significant hits. With the advent of MTV the sisters were able to exploit their visual style and ...

See also:

Pointer Sisters, Pointer Sisters - Early Days, Pointer Sisters - First success as recording artists, Pointer Sisters - The quartet becomes a trio, Pointer Sisters - The height of their success, Pointer Sisters - Albums, Pointer Sisters - Singles

Read more here: » Pointer Sisters: Encyclopedia II - Pointer Sisters - The height of their success

In 1925, Walter Gifford, then president of AT&T, established Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc as a separate entity which took over work previously conducted by the research division of Western Electric's engineering department. Half of Bell Labs was owned by Western Electric, the other half being owned by AT&T. Discoveries and inventions at Bell Labs include: 1925: Facsimile (fax) transmission first demonstrated publicly 1927: Long-distance television transmission, of images of Herbert Hoover, from Washing ...

See also:

Bell Labs, Bell Labs - History, Bell Labs - Basis, Bell Labs - Calculators built by Bell Labs

Read more here: » Bell Labs: Encyclopedia II - Bell Labs - History

Ireland - Literature and the arts. Main articles: Irish literature, and Irish art, and [[]], and [[]]See also:

Ireland, Ireland - Politics, Ireland - Geography, Ireland - Flags of Ireland, Ireland - History, Ireland - History since partition, Ireland - Irish Independence: The Irish Free State Éire Ireland, Ireland - Northern Ireland, Ireland - Sport, Ireland - Culture, Ireland - Literature and the arts, Ireland - Music and dance, Ireland - Demographics, Ireland - Infrastructure, Ireland - Transport, Ireland - Energy

Read more here: » Ireland: Encyclopedia II - Ireland - Culture

2000s - United States. Fashion slowly becomes less grungy and more excessive as the wearing of flannel by people under 30 declines and acid-washed jeans and shaggy hair become again commonplace for boys and men. For girls and women hoop earrings, originally popular in the 1980s and early 1990s, return to style circa 2004. Wearing baseball caps backwards peacefully falls out of style, in favor of wearing them sideways or forwards. Sunglasses begin to become less widespread as a fashion statement, un ...

See also:

2000s, 2000s - The decade as a whole, 2000s - Names of the decade, 2000s - Criticisms of the decade, 2000s - Events and trends, 2000s - Technology, 2000s - Science, 2000s - War peace and politics, 2000s - Economics, 2000s - Culture and religion, 2000s - Other, 2000s - Trends and Fashion, 2000s - United States, 2000s - Music, 2000s - United States and Canada, 2000s - Europe, 2000s - Latin America/Caribbean, 2000s - Film, 2000s - Internet, 2000s - Video Games, 2000s - Television and Radio, 2000s - Sports, 2000s - People, 2000s - World leaders, 2000s - Entertainers, 2000s - Sports figures

Read more here: » 2000s: Encyclopedia II - 2000s - Trends and Fashion

Luxembourg was special, because while radio stations all over Europe were exclusively government-owned and operated well into the 1980s, Radio Luxembourg was right from the beginning privately owned. A radio amateur (Ham) managed to get a licence in 1924 and used the license to broadcast military music, too. French businessmen bought the license from the radio amateur in May 1929 and managed to get a broadcasting monopoly in Luxembourg in November 1929. In May 1931 the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion was founded, which started to build the transmitters. Transmis ...

See also:

Radio Luxembourg, Radio Luxembourg - History, Radio Luxembourg - Today, Radio Luxembourg - Trivia, Radio Luxembourg - Variations in Radio Luxembourg's sign-on through the years, Radio Luxembourg - Radio Luxembourg's sign-off music through the years, Radio Luxembourg - Transmitters for the French programme

Read more here: » Radio Luxembourg: Encyclopedia II - Radio Luxembourg - History

Björk and her contemporary media artist boyfriend Matthew Barney have a daughter, Isadora, born October 3, 2002. Björk also has a son, Sindri, born June 8, 1986, by Þór Eldon who was her bandmate in the 1980s post-punk group "The Sugarcubes". Her son Sindri Þórsson now has his own band called "Desida", where he plays bass. They garnered some positive reviews after their performance at Iceland_Airwaves in 2005. On the negative side, Björk has complained of being hounded by paparazzi in England and in 1996 two separate incidents ...

See also:

Björk, Björk - Early Career, Björk - Popularity, Björk - The Sugarcubes, Björk - Solo career/Debut, Björk - Post, Björk - Homogenic, Björk - Vespertine, Björk - Family Tree/Greatest Hits, Björk - Medúlla, Björk - Army of Me-Xes, Björk - Drawing Restraint 9, Björk - Currently, Björk - Björk in Film, Björk - Her Name, Björk - Personal Life, Björk - Partial Discography, Björk - With The Sugarcubes, Björk - Solo studio albums, Björk - Other releases, Björk - Television, Björk - Films / Shortcuts, Björk - Bibliography, Björk - Related Bibliography

Read more here: » Björk: Encyclopedia II - Björk - Personal Life

Biafra claims to be an anarchist in his personal dealings with people, though does not advocate the replacement of current governments with an anarchic system. He claims that mankind is not yet ready for anarchy, and still needs government to control the order of human life for the safety and progression of human events.[16] In speeches, he has advised people to partake in civil disobedience, political pranks, and hacktivism. Some such acts that he has ...

See also:

Jello Biafra, Jello Biafra - Biography, Jello Biafra - Early years and the Dead Kennedys, Jello Biafra - After the disbandment of the Dead Kennedys, Jello Biafra - Music, Jello Biafra - Political beliefs, Jello Biafra - Discography, Jello Biafra - Filmography, Jello Biafra - Notes

Read more here: » Jello Biafra: Encyclopedia II - Jello Biafra - Political beliefs