Jehovah ( Latin Iéhova ) is an 18th century English translation of "יְהֹוָה", which is a Masoretic vocalization of "יהוה" [ i.e. the Tetragrammaton ]. "יְהֹוָה" is found 6518 times in the Ben Chayyim Hebrew text of 1525 A.D., which underlies the Old Testament of the King James Bible. The 1611 edition of the King James Bible translated "יְהֹוָה" as "I ...

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Jehovah, Jehovah - Jehovah is an 18th century English translation of יְהֹוָה [Hebrew word #3068], Jehovah - Encyclopedia Britannica of 1910-1911’s Case against Jehovah, Jehovah - Qeri-Perpetuum [a.k.a.Qere Perpetuum], Jehovah - KJVO Christians defend the vowel points of יְהֹוָה and the name Jehovah, Jehovah - Jehovah's Witnesses and the English rendering of the name Jehovah, Jehovah - יְהֹוָה is found only 44 times in the Leningrad Codex of 1008-1010 A.D., Jehovah - Latin Translations of יְהֹוָה from 1278 A.D. to 1518 A.D., Jehovah - English Translations of יְהֹוָה from 1530 A.D. to 1890 A.D., Jehovah - Translations of YHWH found in writings of the Greek Fathers, Jehovah - Articles that defend the Name Jehovah, Jehovah - Articles that critique the Name Jehovah, Jehovah - Footnotes, Jehovah - Technical note

Read more here: » Jehovah: Encyclopedia II - Jehovah - Jehovah is an 18th century English translation of יְהֹוָה [Hebrew word #3068]

During the Great Northern War (1700–1721), Finland was occupied by the Russians, and the south-eastern part, including the important town of Viipuri, was annexed to Russia after the peace of Uusikaupunki. The border with Russia came to lie roughly where it returned to after World War II. Sweden's status as a European great power was gone, and Russia was now the leading might of the North. The absolute monarchy was finished in Sweden. During this Age of Liberty, the Parliament ruled the country, and the two parties of Hats and Caps struggle ...

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History of Finland, History of Finland - Earliest origins of the Finns, History of Finland - Pre-history, History of Finland - The Middle Ages, History of Finland - The 16th century, History of Finland - The 17th century - the Swedish Empire, History of Finland - The 18th century - the Age of Reason, History of Finland - Russian Grand Duchy, History of Finland - Independence and Civil War, History of Finland - Finland in the inter-war era, History of Finland - Finland in World War II, History of Finland - Post-war era, History of Finland - Recent history

Read more here: » History of Finland: Encyclopedia II - History of Finland - The 18th century - the Age of Reason

During the Great War (1713–1721), Finland was occupied by the Russians, and the south-eastern part, including the important town of Viipuri, was annexed to Russia after the peace of Uusikaupunki. The border to Russia came to lie roughly where it returned to after WWII. Sweden's status as European great power was gone, and Russia was now the leading might of the North. The absolute monarchy was finished in Sweden. During this Age of Liberty, the Parliament ruled the country, and the two parties of Hats and Caps struggled for control leaving ...

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History of Finland, History of Finland - Earliest origins of the Finns, History of Finland - Prehistory, History of Finland - The Middle Ages, History of Finland - The 16th century, History of Finland - The 17th century - the Swedish Empire, History of Finland - The 18th Century - Age of Reason, History of Finland - Russian Grand Duchy, History of Finland - Independence and Civil War, History of Finland - Finland in the inter-war era, History of Finland - Finland in World War II, History of Finland - Post-War Era, History of Finland - Recent history

Read more here: » History of Finland: Encyclopedia II - History of Finland - The 18th Century - Age of Reason

In the 16th century, the Kingdom was so gravely impacted by Ottoman conquest that its territory was reduced to almost a third of its previous size. By 1541, the remaining part was renamed Royal Hungary and ruled by the Habsburgs. Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Captaincies 1547 - around 1700. In 1547, Royal Hungary was divided for military and partly also administrative purposes in two captaincies-general (Hungarian: főkapitányságok, Slovak: hlavné kapitanáty): Cisdanubia (l ...

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Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Notes, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Around 1074, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Counties, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Frontier counties, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - 15th century, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Counties, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Special status, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Free royal towns and the mining towns Liberae regiae civitate et civitates montanae, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - 16th-18th century, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Captaincies 1547 - around 1700, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Counties 17th - 18th century, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Free districts Circuli/Districtus liberi, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Free royal towns and the mining towns Liberae regiae civitate et civitates montanae, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Temporary administrative divisions 1785-1790, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - After the 1848/1849 Revolution, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - 1849-1860, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - 1860-1867, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - 1867 - 1918, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Rural Counties, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Towns with municipal rights, Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary - Fiume Rijeka

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While civil conflicts took hold in Iran, most of Azerbaijan was occupied by the Ottomans in the 18th century. Meanwhile, the coastal strip along the Caspian Sea comprising Derbent, Baku and Salyan came under Imperial Russian rule, during the reign of Peter the Great, from 1722 until 1735. After the collapse of the Safavid empire, Nadir Shah Afshar (Nadir Guli Bey), a former slave who had risen to military leadership within the Afshar Turkoman tribe in Khorasan (a vassal state of the Safavids) came to power. He wrested control over Ira ...

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History of Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Overview, History of Azerbaijan - Ancient history, History of Azerbaijan - Albania and Media, History of Azerbaijan - The First Persian Empire to the conquests of Alexander the Great and the Greeks, History of Azerbaijan - Independent Albania Roman-Parthian rivalry and Sassinian conquest, History of Azerbaijan - Origins of the name Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Eurasian nomads in pre-Islamic Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Islamic Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Seljuqs and successor states, History of Azerbaijan - Mongols and Ilkhanid rule, History of Azerbaijan - The end of Mongol rule and the Black Sheep-White Sheep rivalry, History of Azerbaijan - The local Shirvanshahs, History of Azerbaijan - Safavids and the rise of Shi'ism in Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Independent Khanates in the 18th century, History of Azerbaijan - The Partition of Azerbaijan, History of Azerbaijan - Russian Empire, History of Azerbaijan - Independence and The Civil War, History of Azerbaijan - Soviet Azerbaijan 1920-1941, History of Azerbaijan - World War II, History of Azerbaijan - Soviet Union 1945-1991, History of Azerbaijan - Independent Azerbaijan 1991-2005

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Franklin College was chartered on June 6, 1787 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania on the site of a former brewery. It was named for Benjamin Franklin, who donated £200 to the new institution. Founded by four prominent ministers from the German Reformed Church and the Lutheran Church, in conjunction with numerous Philadelphians, the school was established as a German college whose goal was to help assimilate the German population into American culture. Its first trustees included four signers of the Declaration of Independence, t ...

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Franklin and Marshall College, Franklin and Marshall College - History of Franklin College 18th Century, Franklin and Marshall College - History of Marshall College 19th Century, Franklin and Marshall College - The Merger 1853, Franklin and Marshall College - The Civil War Era, Franklin and Marshall College - The Late 19th Century, Franklin and Marshall College - The 20th Century, Franklin and Marshall College - The 21st Century, Franklin and Marshall College - History of F&M Sports, Franklin and Marshall College - History of F&M Greek System, Franklin and Marshall College - List of Fraternties at F&M, Franklin and Marshall College - List of Sororities at F&M, Franklin and Marshall College - F&M Presidents, Franklin and Marshall College - Famous Alumni

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At the beginning of the 16th century the states of Italian peninsula began to suffer the effects of an economic crisis due to the move of the main trade routes from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. Since Italy was not unified politically, most of the small and weak Italian states were defeated by foreign powers (mainly Spain); some of them (e.g. Milan and Naples) were annexed, others (e.g. Venice and Florence) were r ...

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History of Italy during foreign domination and the unification, History of Italy during foreign domination and the unification - Foreign domination 16th-18th centuries, History of Italy during foreign domination and the unification - The Italian unification 1796-1861

Read more here: » History of Italy during foreign domination and the unification: Encyclopedia II - History of Italy during foreign domination and the unification - Foreign domination 16th-18th centuries

History of Haiti - French colonization. This collapse of the original population led to an eventual repopulation with African slaves to work the island's sugar plantations, although slave imports were relatively small until the late 17th century. French buccaneers later used the western portion of the island as a point from which to harass English and Spanish ships. In 1697, Spain ceded the western third of Hispaniola to France. As piracy was gradually suppressed, some French adventurers became planters, m ...

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History of Haiti, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 16th century, History of Haiti - Native extinction and colonial rule, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 17th and 18th centuries, History of Haiti - French colonization, History of Haiti - Impact of the French Revolution, History of Haiti - The Great Slave Rebellion of 1791, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 19th century, History of Haiti - Early Independence, History of Haiti - Constitution of 1805, History of Haiti - Struggle for Identity, History of Haiti - An Era of Development, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 20th century, History of Haiti - 1915-1934: U.S. Occupation, History of Haiti - 1957-1986: Duvalier regime, History of Haiti - 1986-1991: Provisional governments, History of Haiti - The 1991 coup, History of Haiti - 1994: Foreign military intervention, History of Haiti - 1996: Political gridlock, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 21st century, History of Haiti - 2000: The electoral crisis, History of Haiti - International military presence, History of Haiti - 2004: Revolt against Aristide, History of Haiti - Haiti Post-Aristide

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The Reformation had profound effects on the unity of Europe. Not only were nations divided one from another by their religious orientation, but some states were torn apart internally by religious strife, avidly fostered by their external enemies. France suffered this fate in the 16th century in the series of conflicts known as the French Wars of Religion, which ended in the triumph of the Bourbon Dynasty. England avoided this fate for a while and settled down under Elizabeth to a moderate Anglicanism. Germany, divided into numerous small sta ...

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History of Europe, History of Europe - The origins, History of Europe - The Greeks, History of Europe - Rome, History of Europe - Early Middle Ages, History of Europe - High Middle Ages, History of Europe - Later Middle Ages, History of Europe - Renaissance and Reformation, History of Europe - Colonial expansion, History of Europe - Early Modern period: 16th 17th and 18th century, History of Europe - The English Civil War and Unification with Scotland, History of Europe - English Commonwealth, History of Europe - Act of Union, History of Europe - The French Revolution, History of Europe - Napoleonic Wars, History of Europe - Congress of Vienna, History of Europe - The 19th century, History of Europe - Early 20th century: the World Wars, History of Europe - Late 20th century: the Cold War, History of Europe - Early 21st century: the European Union, History of Europe - Histories of present-day territories, History of Europe - Sources, History of Europe - Recommended reading

Read more here: » History of Europe: Encyclopedia II - History of Europe - Early Modern period: 16th 17th and 18th century

Philip V, the first Bourbon king, of French origin, signed the Decreto de Nueva Planta in 1715, a new law that revoked most of the historical rights and privileges of the different kingdoms that conformed the Spanish Crown, unifying them under the laws of Castile, where the Cortes had been more receptive to the royal wish. Spain became culturally and politically a follower of absolutist France. The rule of the Spanish Bourbons continued under Ferdinand VI and Charles III. Under the rule of Charles III and his ministers, Leopold ...

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History of Spain, History of Spain - Early history, History of Spain - Visigothic Hispania 5th-8th centuries, History of Spain - Al-Andalus 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Reconquista 8th-15th centuries, History of Spain - Spain under the Habsburgs 16th-17th centuries, History of Spain - The Enlightenment: Spain under the Bourbons 18th century, History of Spain - Napoleonic Wars: War of Spanish Independence 1808-1814, History of Spain - Spain in the nineteenth century 1814-1873, History of Spain - First Spanish Republic 1873-1874, History of Spain - The Restoration 1874-1931, History of Spain - Second Spanish Republic 1931-1939, History of Spain - Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, History of Spain - The dictatorship of Francisco Franco 1936-1975, History of Spain - The transition to democracy 1975-1978, History of Spain - Spain since 1978

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List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1701 - 1710. 2 Anne. c. 3. An Act to prevent Popish Priests from coming into this Kingdom, 1703 2 Anne. c. 5. Treason (1703) 2 Anne. c. 6. An Act to prevent the further Growth of Popery, 1703 2 Anne. c. 7. An Act for registering the Popish Clergy, 1703 2 Anne. c. 14. An Act for naturalizing of all Protestant strangers in this kingdom, 1703 2 Anne. c. 15. Sale of Livestock Act, 1703 4 Anne. c. 2. An Act to expla ...

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List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 13th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 14th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 15th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 16th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 17th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1610-1619, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1630-1639, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1660-1669, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1690-1700, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 18th century, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1701 - 1710, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1711 - 1720, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1721 - 1730, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1731 - 1740, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1741 - 1750, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1751 - 1760, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1761 - 1770, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1771 - 1780, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1781 - 1790, List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 1791 - 1800

Read more here: » List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland: Encyclopedia II - List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland - 18th century

1711 Johann Andreas Eisenmenger writes his Entdecktes Judenthum ("Judaism Unmasked"), a work denouncing Judaism and which had a formative influence on modern anti-Semitic polemics. 1712 Blood libel in Sandomierz and expulsion of the town's Jews. 1727 Edict of Catherine I of Russia: "The Jews... who are found in Ukraine and in other Russian provinces are to be expelled at once beyond the frontiers of Russia." 1734-1736 The ...

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History of anti-Semitism, History of anti-Semitism - Ancient animosity towards Jews, History of anti-Semitism - The 4th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 5th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 6th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 7th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 8th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 9th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 10th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 11th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 12th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 13th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 14th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 15th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 16th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 17th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 19th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 20th century, History of anti-Semitism - The 21st century, History of anti-Semitism - Books

Read more here: » History of anti-Semitism: Encyclopedia II - History of anti-Semitism - The 18th century

The position of Poet Laureate was formalised in this period. The early 18th century is known as the Augustan Age of English literature. The poetry of the time was highly formal, as exemplified by the works of Alexander Pope. Although the documented history of Irish theatre began at least as early as 1601, the earliest Irish dramatists of note were William Congreve, one of the most interesting writers of Restoration comedies, and Oliver Goldsmith and Richard Brinsl ...

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British literature, British literature - Old Celtic literature, British literature - Old English literature, British literature - Late medieval literature in England, British literature - Other medieval literatures, British literature - Early modern English literature to 1660, British literature - English language literature from 1660 to the late 18th century, British literature - Non English language literatures from the 16th century to the 19th century, British literature - 19th century English language literature, British literature - The Romantics, British literature - The 19th century novel, British literature - Victorian poets, British literature - Ireland, British literature - Wales, British literature - Scotland, British literature - English language literature since 1900, British literature - Non English language literatures since 1900, British literature - Literary prizes

Read more here: » British literature: Encyclopedia II - British literature - English language literature from 1660 to the late 18th century

List of Bundestag Members - 2005. 8 November: Dr. Edmund Stoiber resigned, replaced by Johannes Singhammer 9 November: Dagmar Schmidt died, replaced by Christoph Pries 23 November: Gerhard Schröder resigned, replaced by Clemens Bollen 23 November: Dr. Günther Beckstein resigned, replaced by Dorothee Mantel 26 November: Peter Müller resigned, replaced by Hermann Josef Scharf ...

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List of Bundestag Members, List of Bundestag Members - Current Members, List of Bundestag Members - A, List of Bundestag Members - B, List of Bundestag Members - C, List of Bundestag Members - D, List of Bundestag Members - E, List of Bundestag Members - F, List of Bundestag Members - G, List of Bundestag Members - H, List of Bundestag Members - I, List of Bundestag Members - J, List of Bundestag Members - K, List of Bundestag Members - L, List of Bundestag Members - M, List of Bundestag Members - N, List of Bundestag Members - O, List of Bundestag Members - P, List of Bundestag Members - R, List of Bundestag Members - S, List of Bundestag Members - T, List of Bundestag Members - U, List of Bundestag Members - V, List of Bundestag Members - W, List of Bundestag Members - Z, List of Bundestag Members - Changes since the election of September 18th 2005, List of Bundestag Members - 2005

Read more here: » List of Bundestag Members: Encyclopedia II - List of Bundestag Members - Changes since the election of September 18th 2005

Informal, galante manners and a new half-reclining posture that replaced the former bolt-upright demeanor of court and aristocracy in the age of Louis XIV went hand-in-hand with new commodious seat furniture, developed in Paris about 1720 (illustration, right). The new Rococo chairs were upholstered à chassis, on removable frames secured by clips, so that changes from winter to summer furniture could be effected without recourse to the menuisier. Off-season upholstered frames were stored in the garde-meubleSee also:

History of the chair, History of the chair - Egyptian chairs, History of the chair - Greek and Roman chairs, History of the chair - Medieval chairs, History of the chair - Chinese chairs, History of the chair - Renaissance, History of the chair - English chairs, History of the chair - 18th century chairs, History of the chair - 19th century chairs, History of the chair - 20th Century and modern chairs

Read more here: » History of the chair: Encyclopedia II - History of the chair - 18th century chairs

Travancore - 18th Century. The region was ruled by the Ay Dynasty during the first Sangham age (circa 300 BC – 600 AD) and was the scene of many battles between the Kulashekaras and the Cholas during the second Sangham age (circa 850–1400 AD), when Vizhinjam, the capital, was sacked by the Cholas. Later the area was termed Venad, and the rulers were very weak, being vassals of Nayaks of Madurai or facing rebellions from the powerful feudal land lords ( ...

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Travancore, Travancore - Geography, Travancore - History, Travancore - 18th Century, Travancore - 19th Century, Travancore - Postcolonial Travancore, Travancore - External link

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Travancore was located in Southern Kerala. According to native legend, Kerala was formed when Parasurama threw his axe into the sea. The rulers of this state were named Sree Padmanabhadasan, after the deity Padmanabha Swamy an aspect of Vishnu. The former kingdom's geography is defined by three natural terrains - a coastal area to the west, a midland in the centre and mountain ...

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Travancore, Travancore - Geography, Travancore - History, Travancore - 18th Century, Travancore - 19th Century, Travancore - Postcolonial Travancore, Travancore - External link

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Polynesian peoples are believed to have settled the Fijian islands some 3,500 years ago, with Melanesians following around a thousand years later. Most authorities agree that they originated in Southeast Asia and came via Indonesia. Archeological evidence shows signs of settlement on Moturiki Island from 600 BC and possibly as far back as 900 BC. The Fiji Times reported on 3 July 2005 that recent research by the Fiji Museum and the University of the South Pacific (USP) has found that skeletons excavated at Natadola in Sigatoka, at lea ...

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Discovery of Fiji, Discovery of Fiji - Melanesian and Polynesian Settlement, Discovery of Fiji - European Discovery 18th Century

Read more here: » Discovery of Fiji: Encyclopedia II - Discovery of Fiji - Melanesian and Polynesian Settlement

The piece is a set of 24 variations on the twenty-fourth and last of Niccolo Paganini's Caprices for solo violin. Several other sets of variations on this theme have been written, including pieces by Johannes Brahms, Franz Liszt, Witold Lutosławski and Paganini himself. Although Rachmaninoff's work is performed in one stretch with no breaks, it can been seen as being in three sections, corresponding to the three movements of a concerto: up to variation 11 corresponds to the first movement, variations 12 to 18 are the equivalen ...

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Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini - Overview, Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini - 18th variation 'Andante cantabile', Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini - Structure

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Romsey - Middle Ages to The Civil War. The name Romsey is believed to have originated from the term Rūm's Eg, meaning "Rūm's area surrounded by marsh". Rūm is probably an abbreviated form of a personal name, like Rūmwald (glorious leader). What was to become Romsey Abbey was founded in 907 AD. Nuns, led by Elflaeda daughter of Edward the Elder, son of Alfred the Great, founded a community — at his direction — in what was then a small village. Later, King Edgar refounded the nunnery, circa 96 ...

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Romsey, Romsey - History, Romsey - Middle Ages to The Civil War, Romsey - The 18th and 19th centuries, Romsey - Mills and Milling, Romsey - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Romsey: Encyclopedia II - Romsey - History

Watermills have played an important part in Romsey's history as an industrial town. The Domesday Book of 1086 provides the earliest record of mills in Romsey, which identifies three (possibly four) mills. Sadler's Mill is probably the best known of Romsey's surviving mills and is apparently the only mill to be developed on the main course of the River Test. The existence of Sadler's Mill is first recorded in the 16th century, when it was owned by the manor of Great and Little Spursholt. Functioning as a corn and grist mill, it has pas ...

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Romsey, Romsey - History, Romsey - Middle Ages to The Civil War, Romsey - The 18th and 19th centuries, Romsey - Mills and Milling, Romsey - Miscellaneous

Read more here: » Romsey: Encyclopedia II - Romsey - Mills and Milling

Symphony - The 18th century symphony. The form that we now recognise as the symphony took shape in the early 18th century. It is commonly regarded to have grown from the Italian overture, a three-movement piece used to open operas, often used by Alessandro Scarlatti among others. Another important progenitor of the symphony was the ripieno concerto — a relatively little explored form resembling a concerto for strings and continuo, but with no solo instruments. The earliest known ripieno concerti are by G ...

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Symphony, Symphony - The word symphony, Symphony - History of the form, Symphony - The 18th century symphony, Symphony - The 19th century symphony, Symphony - The 20th century symphony, Symphony - Composers of symphonies, Symphony - Symphonies by number and name, Symphony - Symphony as orchestra, Symphony - Media

Read more here: » Symphony: Encyclopedia II - Symphony - History of the form