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188 BC | A Wisdom Archive on 188 BC | | 188 BC A selection of articles related to 188 BC | |
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188 BC, 188 BC
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 188 BC | | | |  188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revivalBy the time Antiochus II's son Seleucus II Callinicus came to the throne around 246 BC, the Seleucids seemed to be at a low ebb indeed. Aside from the secessions of Parthia and Bactria, Seleucus II was soon dramatically defeated in the Third Syrian War against Ptolemy III of Egypt, then had to fight a civil war against his own brother Antiochus Hierax. In Asia Minor too, the Seleucid dynasty seemed to be losing control -- Gauls had fully established themselves in Galatia, semi-independent semi-Hellenized kingdoms had sprung up in Bithynia, Pontus, and Cappadocia, and the city of Pergamum in the west wa ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman Republic - Figures of the Republic
Roman Republic - Early Republic.
Lucretia
Lucius Junius Brutus
Cincinnatus
Appius Claudius the Censor
Samnite wars
Punic wars, Carthage, Hannibal and Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major
Scipio Aemilianus
Cato the Censor
Macedonian wars
Roman Republic - Late Republic.
Ahenobarbus family
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus and Gaius Sempronius Gracchus
Gaius Marius and Luciu ...
See also:Roman Republic, Roman Republic - Government institutions, Roman Republic - History of the Roman Republic, Roman Republic - The legendary founding of Rome — 753 BC, Roman Republic - The establishment of the Republic — 510 BC, Roman Republic - Patricians and plebeians, Roman Republic - The building of the Republic, Roman Republic - The Punic Wars, Roman Republic - The conquest of Greece and Asia, Roman Republic - Beginning of the end, Roman Republic - Marius and the Dictatorship of Sulla, Roman Republic - The Seventies and the Sixties, Roman Republic - The First Triumvirate, Roman Republic - The Civil War and Caesar's dictatorship, Roman Republic - The Second Triumvirate and Octavian's triumph, Roman Republic - Causes of the subversion of the Republic into the Empire, Roman Republic - Figures of the Republic, Roman Republic - Early Republic, Roman Republic - Late Republic, Roman Republic - Latin literature of the Republic, Roman Republic - Tourist resorts of the Republic Read more here: » Roman Republic: Encyclopedia II - Roman Republic - Figures of the Republic |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Anecdotes Cicero offers a story of Hannibal while at the court of Antiochus III. Hannibal attended a lecture by a certain Phormio, a philosopher, that ranged through many topics. When Phormio finished the portion about the duties of a general, Hannibal was asked his opinion. "I have seen," he replied, "during my life many an old fool; but this one beats them all."
There is another story told about Hannibal while in exile, which puts an odd spin on his supposed "Punic perfidy". Antiochus III showed off a vast and well armed formation to Hannibal and asked him if they would be enough for Rome, to which Hannibal replied, "Yes, enough for th ...
See also:Hannibal, Hannibal - Background and early career, Hannibal - Second Punic War and invasion of Italy, Hannibal - Return to Africa, Hannibal - Peacetime Carthage, Hannibal - Exile and death, Hannibal - Sources, Hannibal - Anecdotes, Hannibal - Place in history, Hannibal - Hannibal in film, Hannibal - Quote Read more here: » Hannibal: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Anecdotes |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Place in history Hannibal's name is commonplace in popular culture, an objective measure of his influence on Western European history. The author of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article praises Hannibal in these words:
"As to the transcendent military genius of Hannibal there cannot be two opinions. The man who for fifteen years could hold his ground in a hostile country against several powerful armies and a succession of able generals must have been a commander and a tactician of supreme capacity. In the use of stratagems and ambuscades ...
See also:Hannibal, Hannibal - Background and early career, Hannibal - Second Punic War and invasion of Italy, Hannibal - Return to Africa, Hannibal - Peacetime Carthage, Hannibal - Exile and death, Hannibal - Sources, Hannibal - Anecdotes, Hannibal - Place in history, Hannibal - Hannibal in film, Hannibal - Quote Read more here: » Hannibal: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Place in history |
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| | | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues In 153 BC, because Empress Bo did not have a son, Emperor Jing created his oldest son Liu Rong (劉榮) crown prince. This made Liu Rong's mother, Consort Li (æ —å§¬), who was one of Emperor Jing's favorite concubines, extremely arrogant. She also thought she would be created empress, particularly after Empress Bo was deposed in 151 BC, following Grand Empress Dowager Bo's death. She hated Emperor Jing's sister Princess Liu Piao, because Princess Piao had often given her brother beautiful women as concubines, drawing Consort Li's jealousy. When Princess Piao wanted to end this dispute by giving h ...
See also:Emperor Jing of Han, Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince, Emperor Jing of Han - Era names, Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign, Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States, Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues, Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign, Emperor Jing of Han - Impact on Chinese history, Emperor Jing of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Jing of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War , 88-84 BC.
After the conclusion of the Social War, Mithradates of Pontus began his bid to conquer the eastern provinces and invaded Greece. In 88 BC, Sulla was elected consul. The choice before the Senate was to put either Marius or Sulla in command. Sulla was appointed by the Senate, however later Marius won appointment by the Assembly with the help of Publius Sulpicius Rufus. Sulla then snuck out of the city to his army waiting in Nola and led them against Rome. This was a monumentous event, and was likely unforseen by Mariu ...
See also:Marius, Marius - Importance of Gaius Marius, Marius - Early career, Marius - Legate to Metellus, Marius - Run for the Consulship, Marius - Recruitment, Marius - War in Numidia, Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni, Marius - Marius as Consul, Marius - Showdown with the Germans, Marius - Sixth Consulship, Marius - The Social War, Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War, Marius - Seventh Consulship and death, Marius - Epilogue, Marius - Chronology, Marius - Notes Read more here: » Marius: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Run for the Consulship By 108 BC, Marius conceived the desire to run for the Consulship. Seeking permission from Metellus to go to Rome to do so, he was urged to reconsider, and advised by Metellus to wait to run with Metellus's son (who was only twenty, which would signify a campaign twenty years in the future). Following this meeting, Marius spent the summer ingratiating himself with the troops by relaxing military discipline, and with the Italian traders by claiming that he could capture Jugurtha in a few days with half Metellus' troops. Both groups wrote home ...
See also:Marius, Marius - Importance of Gaius Marius, Marius - Early career, Marius - Legate to Metellus, Marius - Run for the Consulship, Marius - Recruitment, Marius - War in Numidia, Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni, Marius - Marius as Consul, Marius - Showdown with the Germans, Marius - Sixth Consulship, Marius - The Social War, Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War, Marius - Seventh Consulship and death, Marius - Epilogue, Marius - Chronology, Marius - Notes Read more here: » Marius: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Run for the Consulship |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni The arrival of the Cimbri in Gaul in 109 BC and their complete defeat of M. Junius Silanus had resulted in unrest among the Celtic tribes recently conquered by the Romans in southern Gaul. In 107 the Consul Lucius Cassius Longinus was completely defeated by a local tribe, and the senior surviving officer (C. Popillius Laenas, son of the consul of 132) had saved what was left only by surrendering half the baggage and suffering the humiliation of having his army "march under the yoke." The next year (106 BC) another Consul, Q. Servilius Caepio ...
See also:Marius, Marius - Importance of Gaius Marius, Marius - Early career, Marius - Legate to Metellus, Marius - Run for the Consulship, Marius - Recruitment, Marius - War in Numidia, Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni, Marius - Marius as Consul, Marius - Showdown with the Germans, Marius - Sixth Consulship, Marius - The Social War, Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War, Marius - Seventh Consulship and death, Marius - Epilogue, Marius - Chronology, Marius - Notes Read more here: » Marius: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Showdown with the Germans In 102 BC the Cimbri returned from Hispania into Gaul and together with the Teutoni decided to invade Italy. The Teutoni were to head south and advance toward Italy along the Mediterranean coast; the Cimbri were to attempt to cross the Alps into Italy from the northwest by the Brenner Pass; and the Tigurini (the allied Celtic tribe who had defeated Longinus in 107) were to cross the Alps from the northeast. This decision proved fatally flawed. The Germans divided their forces, making each contingent manageable, and the Romans could use their shorter lines o ...
See also:Marius, Marius - Importance of Gaius Marius, Marius - Early career, Marius - Legate to Metellus, Marius - Run for the Consulship, Marius - Recruitment, Marius - War in Numidia, Marius - Cimbri and Teutoni, Marius - Marius as Consul, Marius - Showdown with the Germans, Marius - Sixth Consulship, Marius - The Social War, Marius - Pontus and the First Civil War, Marius - Seventh Consulship and death, Marius - Epilogue, Marius - Chronology, Marius - Notes Read more here: » Marius: Encyclopedia II - Marius - Showdown with the Germans |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign Emperor Jing largely continued his father's policy of non-interference with the people and reduction of tax and other burdens. He continued his policy of reducing criminal penalties, and in 156 BC, in reaction to the reality that his father's abolition of corporal punishments of cutting off nose and feet were in fact causing more people to die from whipping, reduced the number of whips that criminals would receive. (He would later reduce the penalty again in 144 BC.) He also continued his father's policy of heqin (marriage treaties) with Xio ...
See also:Emperor Jing of Han, Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince, Emperor Jing of Han - Era names, Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign, Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States, Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues, Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign, Emperor Jing of Han - Impact on Chinese history, Emperor Jing of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Jing of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince Emperor Jing was born to Emperor Wen, then Prince of Dai, and Consort Dou, one of his favorite consorts, in 188 BC. He was his father's oldest son. After his father became emperor in 180 BC, then-Prince Qi was created crown prince in 179 BC. At the same time, his mother was created empress.
In his childhood as crown prince, Prince Qi was praised for being compassionate. He was deeply influenced by his mother Empress Dou, who was a Taoist and required all of her children and grandchildren to study Taoist doctrines. He also developed deep bonds with his older sister Princess Liu Piao (åŠ ...
See also:Emperor Jing of Han, Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince, Emperor Jing of Han - Era names, Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign, Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States, Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues, Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign, Emperor Jing of Han - Impact on Chinese history, Emperor Jing of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Jing of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Roman Republic - Government institutions The first and most important institution of the Roman Republic was the Roman Senate. Inside the Senate there were two unofficial parties: the optimates and the populares. The Senate had major influence and prestige being composed by aristocratic and rich patricians and plebians. The great majority of the senators were former republican officials.
The Romans observed two principles for their officials: annuality, or the observation of a one-year term, and collegiality, or the holding of the same office by at least two men ...
See also:Roman Republic, Roman Republic - Government institutions, Roman Republic - History of the Roman Republic, Roman Republic - The legendary founding of Rome — 753 BC, Roman Republic - The establishment of the Republic — 510 BC, Roman Republic - Patricians and plebeians, Roman Republic - The building of the Republic, Roman Republic - The Punic Wars, Roman Republic - The conquest of Greece and Asia, Roman Republic - Beginning of the end, Roman Republic - Marius and the Dictatorship of Sulla, Roman Republic - The Seventies and the Sixties, Roman Republic - The First Triumvirate, Roman Republic - The Civil War and Caesar's dictatorship, Roman Republic - The Second Triumvirate and Octavian's triumph, Roman Republic - Causes of the subversion of the Republic into the Empire, Roman Republic - Figures of the Republic, Roman Republic - Early Republic, Roman Republic - Late Republic, Roman Republic - Latin literature of the Republic, Roman Republic - Tourist resorts of the Republic Read more here: » Roman Republic: Encyclopedia II - Roman Republic - Government institutions |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay After the death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the Seleucid Empire became increasingly unstable. Frequent civil wars made central authority tenuous at best. Epiphanes' young son, Antiochus V Eupator, was first overthrown by Seleucus IV's son, Demetrius I Soter in 161 BC. Demetrius I attempted to restore Seleucid power in Judea particularly, but was overthrown in 150 BC by Alexander Balas -- an impostor who (with Egyptian backing) claimed to be the son of Epiphanes. Alexander Balas reigned until 145 BC, when he was overthrown by Demetrius I's son ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign The late reign of Emperor Jing was marked by an incident for which he was much criticized -- the death of Zhou Yafu, who had been instrumental in the victory against the Seven States. Zhou, later as prime minister, offended virtually every powerful figure around Emperor Jing -- his brother Prince Liu Wu and his mother Empress Dowager Dou (for refusing to save Liang first when Liang was seiged by Wu and Chu forces), and his wife Empress Wang and her brother Wang Xin (王信), whom Emperor Jing wanted to create a marquess but whose candidacy w ...
See also:Emperor Jing of Han, Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince, Emperor Jing of Han - Era names, Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign, Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States, Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues, Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign, Emperor Jing of Han - Impact on Chinese history, Emperor Jing of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Jing of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire By 100 BC, the once formidable Seleucid Empire encompassed little more than Antioch and some Syrian cities. Despite the clear collapse of their power, and the decline of their kingdom around them, nobles continued to play kingmakers on a regular basis, with occasional intervention from Ptolemaic Egypt and other outside powers. The Seleucids existed solely because no other nation wished to absorb them -- seeing as they constituted a useful buffer between their other neighbours. In the wars in Anatolia between Mithridates VI of Pontus and Sulla of Ro ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media The Seleucid Empire is one of a number of factions in the 2004 PC game Rome: Total War.
The Jewish revolt Maccabee who expelled the Seleucid, are given name to an Israel Basketball team from Tel Aviv in present day.
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See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Marriage and children In winter 192 BC, Emperor Hui married Empress Zhang, a marriage that would not yield any children. However, whether Emperor Hui actually had children during or before his reign is a controversial question. The officials, including Chen Ping (陳平) and Zhou Bo (周勃), who would later overthrow the Lü clan after the deaths of both Emperor Hui and Empress Dowager Lü, claimed that Emperor Hui had no sons -- but that Empress Zhang, at Empress Dowager Lü's instigation, stolen eight boys from other people, put their mothers to death, and mad ...
See also:Emperor Hui of Han, Emperor Hui of Han - Early life and years as crown prince, Emperor Hui of Han - Reign as emperor, Emperor Hui of Han - Marriage and children, Emperor Hui of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Hui of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Marriage and children |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Reign as emperor Immediately upon Prince Ying's ascension to the throne as Emperor Hui, Empress Lü, now empress dowager, became the effective lead figure in his administration. She wanted to carry out a plot of revenge against Consort Qi and her son Ruyi. She first arrested Consort Qi and put her in prison garbs (shaved head, confined by stock, and wearing red clothes). She then summoned Liu Ruyi to the capital -- an attempt that was initially resisted by Ruyi's chief of staff Zhou Chang (周昌), whom she respected because he was one of the officials who i ...
See also:Emperor Hui of Han, Emperor Hui of Han - Early life and years as crown prince, Emperor Hui of Han - Reign as emperor, Emperor Hui of Han - Marriage and children, Emperor Hui of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Hui of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Reign as emperor |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Geography The city is surrounded by, on the east the deep ravine of the Anthius River which flows into Lake Egirdir, with the Sultan Mountains to the northeast, Mount Karakus to the north, Kızıldag (Red Mountain) to the southeast, Kirişli Mountain and the northern shore of Lake Egirdir to the southwest.
The acropolis has an area of 460,000 square metres (115 acres) and is surrounded by fortified defence walls. The Territorium of the settlement can be seen from the Temple of Men in the sanctuary of Men Askaenos on a hill to the sout ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Geography |
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