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188 BC | A Wisdom Archive on 188 BC | | 188 BC A selection of articles related to 188 BC | |
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188 BC, 188 BC
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 188 BC | | | | |  188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Background and early careerHannibal Barca ("mercy of Baal"), son of Hamilcar Barca, was born in 247 BC. After Carthage's defeat in the First Punic War, Hamilcar set about the task of improving Carthage's fortunes. To do this, Hamilcar began the subjugation of the tribes of Spain. Carthage at the time was in such a poor state that its navy was unable to ferry his army to Iberia (Hispania); instead, he had to march it to the Pillars of Hercules and cross there. According to a story he later told at the court of Antiochus, Hannibal came upon his father while he was makin ...
See also:Hannibal, Hannibal - Background and early career, Hannibal - Second Punic War and invasion of Italy, Hannibal - Return to Africa, Hannibal - Peacetime Carthage, Hannibal - Exile and death, Hannibal - Sources, Hannibal - Anecdotes, Hannibal - Place in history, Hannibal - Hannibal in film, Hannibal - Quote Read more here: » Hannibal: Encyclopedia II - Hannibal - Background and early career |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Early life and years as crown prince How Liu Ying's childhood was like is not completely clear. What is known is that he was not his father Liu Bang's oldest son -- that would be Liu Fei, who would later be created the Prince of Qi. However, Liu Ying was considered to be the proper heir because his mother, the later Empress Lü, was Liu Bang's wife, while Liu Fei's mother was either a concubine or a mistress.
What is also known is that during Chu Han Contention, when Liu Bang fought a five-year war with Xiang Yu for supremacy over the Chinese world, his mother, his siste ...
See also:Emperor Hui of Han, Emperor Hui of Han - Early life and years as crown prince, Emperor Hui of Han - Reign as emperor, Emperor Hui of Han - Marriage and children, Emperor Hui of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Hui of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Hui of Han - Early life and years as crown prince |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States The issue of dealing with powerful princes would soon erupt into a war later known as the Rebellion of the Seven States. Emperor Jing already had an inimical relationship with his cousin-once-removed (the nephew of his grandfather Emperor Gao) Liu Pi (劉濞), the prince of the wealthy Principality of Wu (modern southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, southern Anhui, and northern Jiangxi), which enjoyed, among other natural resources, abundant copper and salt supplies. While Emperor Jing was crown prince, Liu Pi's heir apparent Liu Xian (劉賢 ...
See also:Emperor Jing of Han, Emperor Jing of Han - Early life and career as crown prince, Emperor Jing of Han - Era names, Emperor Jing of Han - Early reign, Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States, Emperor Jing of Han - Middle reign and succession issues, Emperor Jing of Han - Late reign, Emperor Jing of Han - Impact on Chinese history, Emperor Jing of Han - Personal information Read more here: » Emperor Jing of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Jing of Han - The Rebellion of the Seven States |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC Alexander the Great had conquered the Persian Empire within a short time-frame and died young, leaving an expansive empire of partly Hellenized culture without adult heir. Therefore his generals (the Diadochi) thereupon jostled for supremacy over portions of his empire.
Seleucus, one of his generals, established himself in Babylon in 312 BC, used as the foundation date of the Seleucid Empire. He ruled over not only Babylonia, but the entire enormous eastern part of Alexander's Empire. Following his and Lysimachus's victory over Antigo ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention In 207 BC, after the fall of Qin, in which Liu Bang played a major role but in doing so offended Xiang Yu, who wanted the glory for himself, Liu became the Prince of Han (modern Sichuan, Chongqing, and southern Shaanxi). However, Lü, her children, and her father-in-law did not go to the then-remote Principality of Han, but stayed in Liu's home county of Pei (in modern Xuzhou, Jiangsu), either because of Han's remoteness or because they were prevented from ...
See also:Empress Lü Zhi, Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang, Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - As grand empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - Death, Empress Lü Zhi - Personal information Read more here: » Empress Lü Zhi: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos A sanctuary exists on the neighbouring hill east of Antioch, which is about 1600 m high, that 6 km away from Antioch(3.5 km as the crow flies) dedicated to the one of the mystic gods of Anatolia: Men Askaenos. The hill is known as Gemen Korusu (grove of Gemen) or Karakuyu (blackwell, because of a dried spring beside a Byzantine church). Even today the hill is rendered attractive by means of the sacred trees of the Father God(Patrios Theos)of Antioch, pine trees. The sanctuary was founded on a high hill to see the Beyşehir Lake in southeast, Eğirdir ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang Lü Zhi's father Lü Wen (呂文) was the county magistrate for Danfu (單父) during late Qin Dynasty. When her eventual husband Liu Bang, then a roving bandit, once carried out a raid in Danfu, he had an opportunity to meet Lü Wen, who was surprised at his appearance and behavior and thought he would eventually be a great man, and so married Lü Zhi to him despite his being a bandit. She bore him a daug ...
See also:Empress Lü Zhi, Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang, Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - As grand empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - Death, Empress Lü Zhi - Personal information Read more here: » Empress Lü Zhi: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration But Antiochus' glory was not to last for long. Following his erstwhile ally Philip's defeat at the hands of Rome in 197 BC, Antiochus now saw the opportunity for expansion into Greece. Encouraged by the exiled Carthaginian general Hannibal, and making an alliance with the disgruntled Aetolian League, Antiochus invaded Greece. Unfortunately, this decision led to his downfall: he was defeated by the Romans at Thermopylae (191 BC) and Magnesia (190 BC), and was forced to make peace with the Romans by the embarrassing Treaty of Apamia (188 BC) - ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology Francis Vyvyan Jago Arundell, British chaplain at Izmir between 1822-1834 was the first person who defined and studied the city when in 1828 he published the record of his first journey to inner Anatolia made in 1826 as A visit to the seven Churches of Asia. His notes after his second journey in 1833 were published under the title Discoveries in Asia Minor: including a description of the ruins of several ancient cities and espec ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications The city, like other Hellenistic colonies, was founded on a hill for ease of defence. The steep valley of the River Anthius in the east provides a perfect defence. On the other slopes the acropolis goes up smoothly in terraces and reaches a height of 60 meters above the plain. It is not known whether the bastions of semi-circular plan which can be seen in the West continue in other parts of the defence walls.
The city is surrounded by re-used blocks made of mainly grey local limestone. The massive blocked wall structure of the earlier ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - City plan Most of the city has not been excavated and questions like, for example, the relationship between the Theatre and the Cardo Maximus cannot yet be fully explained. There is much which is still buried under the hills in the potential excavation area of 800 by 1000 meters. Electromagnetic studies in recent years have shown that the Hippodamic plan with streets at right-angles was applied successfully like at Priene and Miletos. The city was divided by the streets into quarters (vicus, plural vici). The names of the following vici ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - City plan |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - As empress Despite Emperor Gao's victory over Xiang, there would still be many unpacified areas of the empire for years, requiring the new emperor to engage in many campaigns thereafter. He put Empress Lü and Crown Prince Ying in charge of the capital Chang'an and key decisions in home territories, assisted by Xiao He and Zhang Liang. It was also during this time that Emperor Gao began to favor one of his younger concubines, Consort Qi, who bore him a son, Ruyi (劉如意), who was created the Prince of Zhao in 199 BC, displacing Empress Lü's son-in- ...
See also:Empress Lü Zhi, Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang, Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - As grand empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - Death, Empress Lü Zhi - Personal information Read more here: » Empress Lü Zhi: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - As empress |
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| | | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Lü Clan Disturbance - The coup d'etat against the Lüs and their total destruction That would not be how the plan actually went, however. In autumn 180 BC, Liu Xiang did indeed start a military campaign with his own forces and also seized the forces of the nearby Principality of Langye. Lü Chan sent Guan Ying (灌嬰), the Marquess of Yingyin, against Qi forces, but Guan, unwilling to fight the Qi forces (because he actually distrusted the Lüs more than Qi), managed to negotiate a secret armistice with Liu Xiang, and both armies halted some distance apart from each other.
Allegedly, at this time, the Lüs were rea ...
See also:Lü Clan Disturbance, Lü Clan Disturbance - Emperor Hui's death and total domination of the political scene by Grand Empress Dowager Lü, Lü Clan Disturbance - The death of Grand Empress Dowager Lü, Lü Clan Disturbance - The coup d'etat against the Lüs and their total destruction, Lü Clan Disturbance - Emperor Wen's ascension to the throne, Lü Clan Disturbance - Impact on history Read more here: » Lü Clan Disturbance: Encyclopedia II - Lü Clan Disturbance - The coup d'etat against the Lüs and their total destruction |
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| | | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media The Seleucid Empire is one of a number of factions in the 2004 PC game Rome: Total War.
The Jewish Maccabees, who expelled the Seleucid, are the name of a beer and several sports teams (including basketball and football) in Israel as of 2006.
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See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - In modern media |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain Nevertheless, even before Seleucus' death, the vast eastern domains of the Seleucids were proving difficult to assert control over. Seleucus had invaded India (modern Punjab in northern India and Pakistan) in 304 BC, leading to conflict with the Mauryan empire ruled by Chandragupta Maurya. It is said that Chandragupta fielded an army of 100,000 men and 9,000 war elephants, and forced Seleucus to conclude an alliance and give him his daughter in marriage. In exchange Chandragupta gave him no less than 500 elephants, an addition to his army ...
See also:Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC, Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain, Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC, Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival, Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration, Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay, Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire, Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers, Seleucid Empire - In modern media Read more here: » Seleucid Empire: Encyclopedia II - Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain |
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| | | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch
Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory.
It has been a tradition for all researchers writing the history of the city to claim that the city dates back to the 3rd century BC and that it was founded by the Seleucid Dynasty, one of the Hellenistic kingdoms. But the history of the city cannot be separated from the history of the Lake District and of Pisidia. Researches done in the area have shown habitation since the Paleolithic age.
During the excavations and surveys made by D.M. Robinson and Michigan University around Yalvaç in 1924 it was shown that finds from ...
See also:Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch |
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| | | | | 188 BC: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Death In 180 BC, Grand Empress Dowager Lü was making sacrifices to the gods at Bashang. As she was returning to the capital after the sacrifices, she saw something that appeared to be a blue-haired dog charging her armpit and then suddenly disappearing. A warlock informed her that the object was Prince Ruyi's spirit. She became apprehensive and began to suffer pain in her armpit, which eventually became a major illness. She died later that year and was buried with her husband.
In the aftermaths of her death, the officials would plot against the Lü clan and have Grand Empress Dowager Lü's family members overthrown and executed. S ...
See also:Empress Lü Zhi, Empress Lü Zhi - Family background and marriage to Liu Bang, Empress Lü Zhi - Life during Chu Han Contention, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress, Empress Lü Zhi - As empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - As grand empress dowager, Empress Lü Zhi - Death, Empress Lü Zhi - Personal information Read more here: » Empress Lü Zhi: Encyclopedia II - Empress Lü Zhi - Death |
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