1886 births

Alfonso XIII of Spain (May 17, 1886 – February 28, 1941), King of Spain, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Queen Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority. In 1902, on attaining his 16th year, the King assumed control of the government. The growth of the young monarch is portraited in the periodical issuing of peseta coins. On May 31, 1906 he married Scottish-born Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (1887-1969), a nie ...

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Alain LeRoy Locke (September 13, 1886 – June 9, 1954) was an African American educator, writer, and philosopher, and is best remembered as a leader and chief interpreter of the Harlem Renaissance. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Locke graduated from Harvard University in 1907 with a degree in philosophy. He was the first black Rhodes Scholar, studying at Oxford from 1907 to 1910, and the University of Berlin from 1910 to 1911. He received his Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard in 1918. For almost forty years, until retireme ...

Including:

• Alain LeRoy Locke - Major works
• Alain LeRoy Locke - Religious beliefs
• Alain LeRoy Locke - Sources

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David Ben-Gurion ▶ (help·info) (October 16, 1886 – December 1, 1973; Hebrew: דָּוִד בֶּן גּוּרִיּוֹן) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. David Ben-Gurion - Early life. He was born as David Grün in Płońsk, Poland which was then part of the Russian Empire. His father, Avigdor Grün was a lawyer and a leader in the Hovevei Zion organization. His mother, Scheindel died when Ben-Gurion was 11 ...

Including:

• David Ben-Gurion - Early life
• David Ben-Gurion - Zionist leadership
• David Ben-Gurion - Prime Ministership
• David Ben-Gurion - Trivia
• David Ben-Gurion - Footnote

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Austin Osman Spare (December 30, 1886 - May 15, 1956) was an English artist and magician. He was the son of a London policeman. As a child, he showed an affinity for art, and he briefly attended evening classes at Lambeth Art School. At the age of 13, he left school to become an apprentice to a stained glass maker, Powell's of Whitefriars Street. During his teen years, his fascination for the occult grew apace, heavily influencing the work he produced. In May 1904 one of his drawings was exhibited at the annual Royal Academy exhibition in Lond ...

Including:

• Austin Osman Spare - External link

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Rabbi Yitzchak Zev Soloveithchik (יצחק זאב סולובייצ'יק) ( "Velvel Soloveithchik", 1886-1959) also referred to as the Brisker Rav, was a son of Rabbi Chaim Soloveitchik of Brest, Belarus (known amongst the Jews of the area as "Brisk"). He is also commonly known as the GRYZ, an acronym for Gaon Rabbi Yitzchak Zev ("genius rabbi Isaac Wolf"). He led the Jewish community in Brisk and was the rosh yeshiva ("dean") its yeshiva. He fled the Holocaust and m ...

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• Yitzchak Zev Soloveitchik - External link

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An officer by career, Charlemagne Péralte was the military chief of the city of Léogane when the US Marines invaded Haiti in July of 1915. (See United States occupation of Haiti (1915-1934)) Refusing to surrender to foreign troops without fighting, Péralte resigned from his position and returned to his native town of Hinche to take care of his family's land. In 1917, he was arrested for assaulting the home of an American Officer of the occupation troops, and was sentenced to five years of forced labor. Escaping his captivity, Charlemagne Péralte gathered a group of nationalis ...

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Charlemagne Péralte, Charlemagne Péralte - Early Life, Charlemagne Péralte - Guerrilla Resistance, Charlemagne Péralte - Death and Aftermath

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In 1930 he founded the Federacion Republicana Galega at Lestrove and participated in the meetings of the Partido Nacionalista Republicano Galego and in the assembly for the Federal State of Galicia. The next year he published "Nos" and was elected member of the Spanish Parliament for the Partido Galeguista, which had 16 deputies. In 1934 he published "Retrincos", "Os Dous de Sempre" and the last edition of "Cousas", and he entered the Real Academia GallegaSee also:

Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao, Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao - Early life, Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao - Political career, Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao - External link

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Edward Weston was born in Highland Park, Illinois on March 24, 1886. In 1902, he received his first camera for his sixteenth birthday, a Kodak Bull's-Eye #2, and began taking photographs in parks in Chicago and at his aunt's farm. The young Weston met with quick success, and his photographs were already being exhibited at the Chicago Art Institute merely a year later, in 1903. In 1906, Weston moved to California, where he ultimately decided to stay and pursue a career as a photographer. He married his first wife, Flora May Chandler, i ...

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Edward Weston, Edward Weston - Life and work, Edward Weston - Selected publications, Edward Weston - Links

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Rose Wilder Lane was born in De Smet, Dakota Territory, the first (and only surviving) child of Laura Elizabeth Ingalls and Almanzo Wilder. Despite inheriting the pioneering spirit of her forebearers, she was quickly drawn away from a rural lifestyle and traveled much of the world during her lifetime. She became a well-known journalist, political theorist, world traveler and novelist. Her career as a writer began around 1910 and extended through the Vietnam War, during which she served as a war correspondent. She married salesman and occasio ...

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Rose Wilder Lane, Rose Wilder Lane - Biography, Rose Wilder Lane - Bibliography

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Nerman grew up in a middle class family in the working-class, industrial city of Norrköping. His father owned a bookstore in the city and had married an employee who was many years younger: she became the mother of Ture and his younger twin brothers. Nerman graduated from the Norrköping gymnasium (secondary school) in 1903 at the age of 17. On the graduation day he took his school bible and tossed it in the Motala ström river. In his autobiography, Nerman describes this as his first revolutionary action. Some years later when he was asked by Hjalmar Branting what had made him a socialist, Nerman answered tha ...

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Ture Nerman, Ture Nerman - Background, Ture Nerman - Political Awakening, Ture Nerman - World War I and Zimmerwald, Ture Nerman - In America, Ture Nerman - The Birth of Swedish Communism, Ture Nerman - In Soviet Russia, Ture Nerman - Against Stalinism, Ture Nerman - In Fascist Spain, Ture Nerman - World War II, Ture Nerman - The Last Years, Ture Nerman - Works

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He was a director of the Great Western Railway between 1929 and 1946. He held the office of Justice of the Peace for Kent between 1929 and 1962. He was a director of Hambros Bank between 1934 and 1960. He was Vice-Chairman of Phoenix Insurance between 1941 and 1952 and Chairman of between 1952 and 1958. He was a director of Barclays Bank between 1942 and 1952. On his father's death in 1919, John Astor inherited Hever Castle near Edenbridge, Kent where he lived the life of an English country gentleman. In 1922, he purchased The Times n ...

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John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever, John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever - Army life, John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever - Marriage, John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever - Career, John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever - Death, John Jacob Astor 1st Baron Astor of Hever - Sources

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Virtually all of Oshima's dispatches were intercepted: approximately 75 during the 11 months of 1941, some 100 in 1942, 400 in 1943, 600 in 1944, and about 300 during the just over four months of 1945 when Germany was at war. For example, in a dispatch decoded on January 19, 1942, Ribbentrop agreed to supply daily intelligence reports to Oshima, which he could pass on to Tokyo. He warned that "any leakage of these reports due to our fault would be of grave consequence, so all the handling of these reports should be be strictly secret." This ...

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Hiroshi Oshima, Hiroshi Oshima - Some examples of Oshima's intercepted dispatches, Hiroshi Oshima - Oshima during and after the end of the War, Hiroshi Oshima - Recommended Reading

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Heinrici served throughout World War II, again serving on both fronts. He built up a reputation as one of the best defensive tacticians in the Wehrmacht and was renowned for his tenacity. For this reason, his officers and men nicknamed him Unser Giftzwerg: "our tough little bastard". During the Blitzkrieg into France, Heinrici commanded the 12th Corps and succeeded in breaking through the Maginot Line on June 14, 1940. During Operation Barbarossa in 1941, Heinrici served in the Second Panzer Army under Heinz Guderian and, as the commanding genera ...

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Gotthard Heinrici, Gotthard Heinrici - Personal Life, Gotthard Heinrici - Early Army Career, Gotthard Heinrici - Second World War, Gotthard Heinrici - Retreat from the Oder, Gotthard Heinrici - After the War, Gotthard Heinrici - Ranks Held, Gotthard Heinrici - Decorations

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Late in 1915, Bristol was assigned the duties of aide and torpedo officer on the staff of Commander, Torpedo Flotilla, Atlantic Fleet and, in the winter of 1916, he became aide and flag secretary to the Commander, Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet. In the summer of 1917, soon after the United States entered World War I, he became aide and flag secretary for Commander, Cruiser Force, Atlantic Fleet. After serving in that capacity into the following winter, Bristol was awarded the Navy Cross for his service as flag secretary and acting chief of ...

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Arthur L. Bristol, Arthur L. Bristol - Early life and career, Arthur L. Bristol - World War I, Arthur L. Bristol - Russian Civil War, Arthur L. Bristol - Assignments during the interwar years, Arthur L. Bristol - Carrier Commander, Arthur L. Bristol - World War II

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Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Early life. Edward Rydz was born in the village of Łapszyn near Brzeżany, Tarnopol Voivodship, Galicia. He was the son of a professional NCO in the Austro-Hungarian Army, Tomasz Rydz, and Maria Babiak. The family endured rather humble circumstances and he was orphaned at the age of 13 years. He was then raised by his maternal grandparents and, after their deaths, by the family of Dr. Uranowicz, the town physician at Brzeżany. After graduating with distinction at the local GymnasiumSee also:

Edward Rydz-Śmigły, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Biography, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Early life, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Military triumphs, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Second Man in the State, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - 1939, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - The last years, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Awards, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Legacy, Edward Rydz-Śmigły - Bibliography

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Princess Patricia travelled extensively in her early years. Her father was posted to India with the army, and the young Princess spent two years living there. In 1911, her father, Duke of Connaught was appointed Governor General of Canada. Princess Patricia accompanied her parents in their role, and she became very popular in the country. She was named Colonel-in-Chief of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry on 22 February 1918 and held that appointment until her death. The regiment was named after her. Princess Patricia person ...

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Princess Patricia of Connaught, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Early Life, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Canada, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Marriage, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Later Life, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Children, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Titles and Honours, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Titles from birth to death, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Honours, Princess Patricia of Connaught - Sources

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Locke edited the Bronze Booklet studies of cultural achievements by blacks. For almost two decades, he annually reviewed literature by and about blacks in Opportunity and Phylon, and from 1940 until his death, he regularly wrote about blacks for the Britannica Book of the Year. His many works include: Four Negro Poets (1927) Frederick Douglass, A Biography of Anti-Slavery (1935) Negro Art—Past and Present (1936) ...

See also:

Alain LeRoy Locke, Alain LeRoy Locke - Major works, Alain LeRoy Locke - Religious beliefs, Alain LeRoy Locke - Sources

Read more here: » Alain LeRoy Locke: Encyclopedia II - Alain LeRoy Locke - Major works

He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and graduated at Johns Hopkins University. Initially, he worked as a secondary school teacher and school principal, but after 19 years he returned to academia and did graduate studies at Harvard University and in Berlin. He then became a member of research staff at the Carnegie Foundation (1908), which resulted in the "Flexner Report", which examined the state of American medical education and led to far-reaching reforms in the way doctors were trained. Between 1912 to 1925, Flexner sat on the General Education Board, init ...

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Abraham Flexner, Abraham Flexner - Biography, Abraham Flexner - Works

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Ben-Gurion was at the political forefront of the Labor Zionist movement during the fifteen years leading to the creation of the State of Israel when Labor Zionism had become the dominant tendency in the World Zionist Organization. An austere, ascetic idealist, he was marked by a commitment to the establishment of a Jewish state. In the Israeli declaration of independence, he stressed that the new nation would "uphold the full social and political equality of all it ...

See also:

David Ben-Gurion, David Ben-Gurion - Early life, David Ben-Gurion - Zionist leadership, David Ben-Gurion - Prime Ministership, David Ben-Gurion - Trivia, David Ben-Gurion - Footnote

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In November of 1912, Nerman attended the special emergency convention of the Socialist International, which had been summoned to Basel in Switzerland, due to the outbreak of the Balkan Wars. At the convention, the leaders of all the European Socialist parties agreed to stand together internationally to prevent any future wars. With a united international working class, they stated, there could be no more wars. Therefore, the outbreak of World War I in 1914, and the collapse of the Socialist International, came as a shock to Ture Nerma ...

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Ture Nerman, Ture Nerman - Background, Ture Nerman - Political Awakening, Ture Nerman - World War I and Zimmerwald, Ture Nerman - In America, Ture Nerman - The Birth of Swedish Communism, Ture Nerman - In Soviet Russia, Ture Nerman - Against Stalinism, Ture Nerman - In Fascist Spain, Ture Nerman - World War II, Ture Nerman - The Last Years, Ture Nerman - Works

Read more here: » Ture Nerman: Encyclopedia II - Ture Nerman - World War I and Zimmerwald