1844 births

For the former National Basketball Association player, see Andrew Lang (basketball). Andrew Lang Born in Selkirk, Scotland (March 31, 1844 - July 20, 1912) was a prolific Scots man of letters. He was a poet, novelist, and literary critic, and contributor to anthropology. He now is best known as the collector of folk and fairy tales. Andrew Lang - Education. He was educated at the Edinburgh Academy, St Andrews University and at Balliol College, Oxford, where he took a first class in the ...

Including:

• Andrew Lang - Education
• Andrew Lang - Professions
• Andrew Lang - Poetry
• Andrew Lang - Scholarship
• Andrew Lang - Journalism
• Andrew Lang - As historian
• Andrew Lang - Folklore and anthropology
• Andrew Lang - Psychic research
• Andrew Lang - Essayist
• Andrew Lang - The Fairy Books
• Andrew Lang - Literary editor
• Andrew Lang - Works
• Andrew Lang - To 1889
• Andrew Lang - 1890-1899
• Andrew Lang - 1900-1909
• Andrew Lang - 1910-1912
• Andrew Lang - Posthumous
• Andrew Lang - Reference
• Andrew Lang - External link

Read more here: » Andrew Lang: Encyclopedia - Andrew Lang

Ascending the throne on the death of his father (January 9, 1878), Humbert adopted the title "Humbert I of Italy" rather than "Humbert IV" (of Savoy), and consented that the remains of his father should be interred at Rome in the Pantheon, and not in the royal mausoleum of Superga. Umberto I of Italy - First assassination attempt. While on a tour of the kingdom, accompanied by premier Benedetto Cairoli, he was attacked by an anarchist, Giovanni Passanante, during a parade in Naples (November 17, 1878). The ...

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Umberto I of Italy, Umberto I of Italy - Youth, Umberto I of Italy - Reign, Umberto I of Italy - First assassination attempt, Umberto I of Italy - Turmoil, Umberto I of Italy - Alliances and Colonialism, Umberto I of Italy - The Bava Beccaris Incident, Umberto I of Italy - Death, Umberto I of Italy - Credits

Read more here: » Umberto I of Italy: Encyclopedia II - Umberto I of Italy - Reign

In Boston, he rebuilt 36′ 9″ (11.2 metre) sloop-rigged fishing boat that he named Spray (later re-rigged as a yawl after problems he encountered in the Strait of Magellan). On April 24, 1895, he set sail from Boston, Massachusetts. More than three years later, he returned to Newport, Rhode Island on June 27, 1898 having circumnavigated the world, a distance of 46,000 miles (74,000 km). In 1899 he discribed the voyage in Sailing Alone Around the World now considered a classic of travel literature. It is a wonderful ad ...

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Joshua Slocum, Joshua Slocum - Early life, Joshua Slocum - A life on the sea, Joshua Slocum - First solo circumnavigation, Joshua Slocum - Disappearance, Joshua Slocum - A continuing inspiration, Joshua Slocum - External link

Read more here: » Joshua Slocum: Encyclopedia II - Joshua Slocum - First solo circumnavigation

U.S. #185,721 26th September, 1876 #206,217 23rd July, 1878 #273,448 6th March, 1883 #571,260 1896 #987,543 21st March, 1911 Germany #75,837 9th September, 1893 #77,748 18th March, 1894 #91998 10th October, 1896 #227,078 27th February, 1909 British #18,774 1st November, 1893 < ...

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Hugo Borchardt, Hugo Borchardt - Firearms Patents

Read more here: » Hugo Borchardt: Encyclopedia II - Hugo Borchardt - Firearms Patents

Stout's political career came when he was elected to the Otago Provincial Council. During his time on the Council, he impressed many people with both his energy and his rhetorical skill, although others found him to be abrasive, and complained about his lack of respect for those who held different views. In the 1875-1876 election, Stout was elected to Parliament as MP for Caversham, opposing mo ...

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Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Early political career

Given their general lack of interest in the area, the British decided to abandon the Sudan in December 1883. While their forces still held several northern towns and Red Sea ports, they ordered Gordon to return to Khartoum and organize a withdrawal of the Egyptian garrisons there. Gordon reached Khartoum in February 1884. At first he was greeted with jubilation, as many of the tribes in the immediate area were at odds with the Mahdists. Transportation northward was still open, and the telegraph lines intact. However the uprising of the Beja soon after his arrival changed things consid ...

See also:

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad - Early life, Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt, Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion, Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum, Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah, Muhammad Ahmad - The British return, Muhammad Ahmad - Bibliography

Read more here: » Muhammad Ahmad: Encyclopedia II - Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum

Andrew Lang - To 1889. The Ballads and Lyrics of Old France (1872) The Odyssey Of Homer Rendered Into English Prose (1879) translator with Samuel Henry Butcher Aristotle's Politics (1877) The Folklore of France (1878) XXII Ballades in Blue China (1880) Oxford. Brief historical & descriptive notes (1880) Notes on Pictures by Millais (1881) The Black Thief (1882) Helen of Troy (1882) poems The Most Pleasant and Delectable Tal ...

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Andrew Lang, Andrew Lang - Education, Andrew Lang - Professions, Andrew Lang - Poetry, Andrew Lang - Scholarship, Andrew Lang - Journalism, Andrew Lang - As historian, Andrew Lang - Folklore and anthropology, Andrew Lang - Psychic research, Andrew Lang - Essayist, Andrew Lang - The Fairy Books, Andrew Lang - Literary editor, Andrew Lang - Works, Andrew Lang - To 1889, Andrew Lang - 1890-1899, Andrew Lang - 1900-1909, Andrew Lang - 1910-1912, Andrew Lang - Posthumous, Andrew Lang - Reference, Andrew Lang - External link

Read more here: » Andrew Lang: Encyclopedia II - Andrew Lang - Works

England's Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, known as "Bertie", had already given his parents, Queen Victoria and her husband, considerable cause for concern, and his mother, now widowed, was anxious for him to settle down. Alexandra of Denmark was not her first choice, since the Danes were at loggerheads with the Prussians, and most of the British royal family's relations were German. However, on meeting the queen, the beautiful young Alix met with her approval as well as Bertie's. An ode was written by Alfred Tennyson, the Poet Laureate, in A ...

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Alexandra of Denmark, Alexandra of Denmark - Early life, Alexandra of Denmark - Princess of Wales, Alexandra of Denmark - Queen Alexandra, Alexandra of Denmark - Arms, Alexandra of Denmark - Titles from birth to death

Read more here: » Alexandra of Denmark: Encyclopedia II - Alexandra of Denmark - Princess of Wales

Alfred was born at Windsor Castle. His mother was the reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria, the only daughter of Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. His father was Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the second son of Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. As a son of the monarch, he was styled His Royal Highness The Prince Alfred at birth, and was second in the line of succession behind his elder brother, Prince Albert Edwar ...

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Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Early Life, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Entering the Royal Navy, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Titles and Honours, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Command Assignments, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Marriage and Family Life, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Attainment of Flag Rank, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Accession to the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Last Years, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Titles and Honours, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Titles from birth to death, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Honours, Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Legacy

Read more here: » Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: Encyclopedia II - Alfred Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - Early Life

The Blount Report of July 17, 1893 alleged that the Committee of Safety conspired with U.S. ambassador John L. Stevens to land the United States Marine Corps, to forcibly remove Queen Liliʻuokalani from power, and declare a Provisional Government of Hawaiʻi consisting of members from the Committee of Safety. The Morgan Report of February 26, 1894, commissioned by President Cleveland, investigated further and concluded that the insurgency was locally based, motivated by a history of corruption of the monarchy, and that American troops only served to protect American property and citize ...

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Sanford B. Dole, Sanford B. Dole - Early years, Sanford B. Dole - Bayonet Constitution, Sanford B. Dole - End of the monarchy, Sanford B. Dole - President of a republic, Sanford B. Dole - Governor and judge

Read more here: » Sanford B. Dole: Encyclopedia II - Sanford B. Dole - End of the monarchy

With Sudan now in Sudanese hands, the Mahdi formed a government. The Mahdiyah (Mahdist regime) imposed traditional Islamic laws. Sharia courts enforced Islamic law and the Mahdi's own commands. He also authorized the burning of lists of pedigrees and books of law and theology because of their association with the old regime, and because he believed that they accentuated tribalism at the expense of religious unity. The Mahdi modified Islam's five pillars to support the dogma that loyalty to him was essential to true belief. The Mahdi a ...

See also:

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad - Early life, Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt, Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion, Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum, Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah, Muhammad Ahmad - The British return, Muhammad Ahmad - Bibliography

Read more here: » Muhammad Ahmad: Encyclopedia II - Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah

By this point British interest in the area was once again growing, due to the interest of the French and Belgians in nearby areas. As each of these forces moved up the Nile, the British felt they required a presence in the Sudan in order to validate their claims to it via Egypt's annexation. In 1892 Field Marshal Horatio Kitchener had been promoted to the post of commander in Egypt, and in 1895 they started plans for the re-conquest of the Sudan. Kitchener's forces, the Anglo-Egyptian Nile Expeditionary Force, consisted of 25,8 ...

See also:

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad - Early life, Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt, Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion, Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum, Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah, Muhammad Ahmad - The British return, Muhammad Ahmad - Bibliography

Read more here: » Muhammad Ahmad: Encyclopedia II - Muhammad Ahmad - The British return

Stout was born in the town of Lerwick, in Scotland's Shetland Islands. He retained a strong attachment to the Shetland Islands throughout his life. He was given a good education, and eventually qualified as a teacher. He also qualified as a surveyor in 1860. He became highly interested in politics through his extended family, which often met to discuss and debate political issues of the day. Stout was exposed to many differe ...

See also:

Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Early life

Even after the Mahdi proclaimed a jihad, or holy war, against the Turkiyah, he was dismissed as a religious fanatic. The government paid more attention when his religious zeal turned to denunciation of tax collectors. To avoid arrest, the Mahdi and a party of his followers, the Ansar (known in the west inaccurately as the Dervishes), made a long march to Kurdufan. There he gained a large number of recruits, especially from the Baqqara. He also wrote to many Sudanese tribal leaders and gained their support, or at least neutralit ...

See also:

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad - Early life, Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt, Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion, Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum, Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah, Muhammad Ahmad - The British return, Muhammad Ahmad - Bibliography

Read more here: » Muhammad Ahmad: Encyclopedia II - Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion

During Stout's absence from politics, his old ally, John Ballance, had been continuing to fight in parliament. After the 1891 election, Ballance had gained enough support to topple Atkinson and take the premiership. Shortly afterwards, Ballance founded the Liberal Party, New Zealand's first real political party. Only a few years later, however, Ballance became seriously ill, and asked Stout to return to parliament and be his successor. Stout ...

See also:

Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Liberal Party

Lorrin A. Thurston declined the presidency and Dole was chosen to lead the government instead; Dole would serve as the first and only president from 1894 to 1900. Dole in turn appointed Thurston to lead a lobbying effort in Washington, DC and secure Hawaiʻi's annexation. Dole's government weathered several attempts to restore the monarchy, including an attempted armed rebellion in which Robert William Wilcox participated; Wilcox and the other conspirators had their sentences reduced or commuted by Dole after being sentenced to death. Dole was successful as a diplomat - every nation that recognized th ...

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Sanford B. Dole, Sanford B. Dole - Early years, Sanford B. Dole - Bayonet Constitution, Sanford B. Dole - End of the monarchy, Sanford B. Dole - President of a republic, Sanford B. Dole - Governor and judge

Read more here: » Sanford B. Dole: Encyclopedia II - Sanford B. Dole - President of a republic

In 1898, Stout retired from politics. On 22 June 1899, he was appointed Chief Justice, and remained in this position until 31 January 1926. While Chief Justice, Stout showed a particular interest in the rehabilitation of criminals, contrasting with the emphasis on punishment that prevailed at the time. In the same year as his retirement, Stout was appointed to the Legislative Council, the last political office he would hold. Stout also had a role of considerable importance in the development of the New Zealand university system. He ha ...

See also:

Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Life after politics

One of the last major campaigns that Stout participated in was the drive to grant voting rights to women. Stout had long been a supporter of this cause, having campaigned tirelessly for his own failed bill in 1878 and Julius Vogel's failed bill in 1887. He had also been highly active in the campaign to increase property rights for women, having been particularly concerned with the right of married women to ...

See also:

Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Women's suffrage

An understanding of the British role in these events is important. In 1869 the Suez Canal opened, and to defend the waterway Britain sought a greater role in Egyptian affairs. In 1873 the British government supported a program where an Anglo-French debt commission assumed responsibility for managing Egypt's fiscal affairs. This commission eventually forced Khedive Ismail to abdicate in favor of his son Tawf ...

See also:

Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad - Early life, Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt, Muhammad Ahmad - The rebellion, Muhammad Ahmad - Khartoum, Muhammad Ahmad - The Mahdiyah, Muhammad Ahmad - The British return, Muhammad Ahmad - Bibliography

Read more here: » Muhammad Ahmad: Encyclopedia II - Muhammad Ahmad - Meanwhile in Egypt

In August 1884, only a month after returning to parliament, Stout successfully passed a vote of no confidence in the conservative Harry Atkinson, and assumed the premiership. Julius Vogel was made treasurer, thereby gaining a considerable measure of power in the administration. Stout's new government lasted less than two weeks, however, with Atkinson managing to pass his own vote of no confidence against Stout. Atkinson himself, however, failed to establish a government, and was removed by yet another vote of no confidence. Stout ...

See also:

Robert Stout, Robert Stout - Early life, Robert Stout - Early political career, Robert Stout - Premier, Robert Stout - Liberal Party, Robert Stout - Women's suffrage, Robert Stout - Life after politics, Robert Stout - External link

Read more here: » Robert Stout: Encyclopedia II - Robert Stout - Premier