Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). 1842 - Events. February 7 - Ras Ali Alula, Regent of the Emperor of Ethiopia defeats warlord Wube Haile Maryam of Semien in the Battle of Debre Tabor February 21 - John J. Greenough patents the sewing machine. March 5 - Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas briefly occupy San Antonio and th ...

Including:

• 1842 - Events
• 1842 - Month/day unknown
• 1842 - Births
• 1842 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1842: Encyclopedia - 1842

1842 - Month/day unknown. Sons of Temperance founded in New York City. Massacre of Elphinstone's British army on the road from Kabul to Jallalabad, Afghanistan, by Akbar Khan, son of Dost Mohammed Khan August 29 - Treaty of Nanking signing ends the First Opium War British Empire annexes Hong Kong Pentonville Prison built. New Zealand seat of government moves from Russell to Auckland Ohio's Wesleyan University is established. Universit ...

See also:

1842, 1842 - Events, 1842 - Month/day unknown, 1842 - Births, 1842 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1842: Encyclopedia II - 1842 - Events

1800 - Ongoing events. French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802)-Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign Napoleonic Wars (1799-1815)-Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign ...

See also:

1800, 1800 - Events, 1800 - Ongoing events, 1800 - Births, 1800 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1800: Encyclopedia II - Events

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter, and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. Lincoln staunchly opposed the expansion of slavery into federal territories, and his victory in the 1860 presidential election further polarized an already divided nation. Before his inauguration in March of 1861, seven southern slave st ...

Including:

• Abraham Lincoln - Early life
• Abraham Lincoln - Early career
• Abraham Lincoln - Marriage
• Abraham Lincoln - Illinois politics
• Abraham Lincoln - Prairie Lawyer
• Abraham Lincoln - Republican Politics 1854-1860
• Abraham Lincoln - Election of 1860
• Abraham Lincoln - Secession winter 1860-61
• Abraham Lincoln - War begins: 1861-62
• Abraham Lincoln - Emancipation Proclamation
• Abraham Lincoln - Important domestic measures of Lincoln's first term
• Abraham Lincoln - 1864 election and second inauguration
• Abraham Lincoln - Civil War and reconstruction
• Abraham Lincoln - Conducting the war effort
• Abraham Lincoln - Homefront
• Abraham Lincoln - Reconstruction
• Abraham Lincoln - Assassination
• Abraham Lincoln - Legacy and memorials
• Abraham Lincoln - Trivia
• Abraham Lincoln - Presidential appointments
• Abraham Lincoln - Supreme Court
• Abraham Lincoln - Major presidential acts
• Abraham Lincoln - States admitted to the Union
• Abraham Lincoln - Scholarly secondary sources: Biographies
• Abraham Lincoln - Scholarly Secondary Sources: Specialty topics
• Abraham Lincoln - Lincoln in art and popular culture
• Abraham Lincoln - Primary Sources
• Abraham Lincoln - Neoconfederate Criticisms of Lincoln
• Abraham Lincoln - Documents at Project Gutenberg

Read more here: » Abraham Lincoln: Encyclopedia - Abraham Lincoln

1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). 1923 - Events. January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments 1923 - February. February 16 - Howard Carter unseals the ...

Including:

• 1923 - Events
• 1923 - February
• 1923 - March
• 1923 - April
• 1923 - May
• 1923 - June
• 1923 - July
• 1923 - August
• 1923 - September
• 1923 - October
• 1923 - November
• 1923 - December
• 1923 - Unknown dates
• 1923 - Births
• 1923 - January
• 1923 - February
• 1923 - March
• 1923 - April
• 1923 - May
• 1923 - July
• 1923 - August
• 1923 - September
• 1923 - October
• 1923 - November
• 1923 - December
• 1923 - Deaths
• 1923 - January
• 1923 - February
• 1923 - March
• 1923 - April
• 1923 - June
• 1923 - August
• 1923 - October
• 1923 - December
• 1923 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1923: Encyclopedia - 1923

1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). 1927 - Events. January 1 - Cristero War erupts in Mexico when pro-Church rebels attack secular-minded government January 7 - First transatlantic telephone call - New York City to London January 9 - Military rebellion crushed in Lisbon January 14 - Paul Doumer elected president of France January 19 - Britain sends troops to China Including:

• 1927 - Events
• 1927 - April-June
• 1927 - July-September
• 1927 - October-December
• 1927 - Unknown dates
• 1927 - Births
• 1927 - January
• 1927 - February
• 1927 - March
• 1927 - April
• 1927 - May-June
• 1927 - July-August
• 1927 - September-November
• 1927 - December
• 1927 - Deaths
• 1927 - Marriages
• 1927 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1927: Encyclopedia - 1927

1920 (MCMXX) is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) 1920 - Events. January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. January 9 - Britain announces it will build 1,000,000 homes for war veterans. The promise will never be fulfilled in full. January 9 - Thousands of onlookers watch as "The Human Fly" George Polley, climbs the New York Woolworth Building. He has reached the 30th floor wh ...

Including:

• 1920 - Events
• 1920 - February
• 1920 - March
• 1920 - April-May
• 1920 - June-July
• 1920 - August-September
• 1920 - October-November
• 1920 - December
• 1920 - Undated
• 1920 - Births
• 1920 - January
• 1920 - February-March
• 1920 - April
• 1920 - May
• 1920 - June-July
• 1920 - August-December
• 1920 - Date unknown
• 1920 - Deaths
• 1920 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1920: Encyclopedia - 1920

An accident is something going wrong unexpectedly. Physical examples include an unintended collision (including a person or object unintendedly falling, getting injured by touching something sharp, hot, electrically live, ingesting poisons, or getting injured by not properly landing when jumping. Non-physical examples are unintendedly revealing a secret or otherwise saying something stupid, forgetting an appointment, and similar events. Technically, "accidents" do not include incidents where someone is at fault, i.e., ne ...

Including:

• Accident - Work accident
• Accident - Bicycle accidents

Read more here: » Accident: Encyclopedia - Accident

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1800 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). 1800 - Events. March 14 - Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti is elected pope as Pius VII. March 21 - Pius VII is ordained. April 24 - U.S. Library of Congress founded. May 5 - Great Britain passes the Act of Union to join Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom to take effect on 1 January ...

Including:

• 1800 - Events
• 1800 - Births
• 1800 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1800: Encyclopedia - 1800

1900 (MCM) is a common year starting on Monday. 1900 - Events. January 2 - John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China. January 2 - Chicago Canal opens. January 5 - Irish leader John Edward Redmond calls for a revolt against British rule. January 6 - It is reported that millions are starving in India. January 6 - Boers attack Ladysmith - over 1000 people were killed. January 8 - United States President William McKinley ...

Including:

• 1900 - Events
• 1900 - February
• 1900 - March
• 1900 - April
• 1900 - May
• 1900 - June
• 1900 - July
• 1900 - August
• 1900 - September
• 1900 - October
• 1900 - November
• 1900 - Births
• 1900 - January
• 1900 - February
• 1900 - March
• 1900 - April
• 1900 - May
• 1900 - June
• 1900 - July
• 1900 - August
• 1900 - September
• 1900 - October
• 1900 - November
• 1900 - December
• 1900 - Deaths
• 1900 - Month/day unknown
• 1900 - Notes

Read more here: » 1900: Encyclopedia - 1900

1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). 1909 - Events. January 16 - Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic South Pole. January 28 - United States troops leave Cuba after being there since the Spanish-American War. February 12 - The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded. February 23 - The Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the ...

Including:

• 1909 - Events
• 1909 - April – June
• 1909 - July – September
• 1909 - October – December
• 1909 - Month/date unknown
• 1909 - Births
• 1909 - January
• 1909 - February
• 1909 - March
• 1909 - April
• 1909 - May
• 1909 - June
• 1909 - July
• 1909 - August
• 1909 - September
• 1909 - October
• 1909 - November
• 1909 - December
• 1909 - Deaths
• 1909 - Date unknown
• 1909 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1909: Encyclopedia - 1909

1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). 1907 - Events. January 6 - Maria Montessori opens her first school and daycare center for working class children in Rome (Casa dei Bambini in San Lorenzo). January 14 - An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000. January 23 - Charles Curtis fr ...

Including:

• 1907 - Events
• 1907 - February
• 1907 - March
• 1907 - May
• 1907 - June
• 1907 - July
• 1907 - August
• 1907 - September
• 1907 - October
• 1907 - November
• 1907 - December
• 1907 - Undated
• 1907 - Births
• 1907 - January-March
• 1907 - April-June
• 1907 - July-September
• 1907 - October-December
• 1907 - Undated
• 1907 - Deaths
• 1907 - Nobel Prizes

Read more here: » 1907: Encyclopedia - 1907

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). 1898 - Events. January 1 - New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Qu ...

Including:

• 1898 - Events
• 1898 - February
• 1898 - March
• 1898 - April
• 1898 - May
• 1898 - June
• 1898 - July
• 1898 - August
• 1898 - September
• 1898 - October
• 1898 - December
• 1898 - Births
• 1898 - January to March
• 1898 - April to June
• 1898 - July to September
• 1898 - October to December
• 1898 - Unknown dates
• 1898 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1898: Encyclopedia - 1898

Generally, gold nanoparticles are produced in a liquid ("liquid chemical methods") by reduction of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (HAuCl4), although more advanced and precise methods do exist. After dissolving HAuCl4, the solution is rapidly stirred while a reducing agent is added. This causes Au3+ ions to reduce to un-ionized gold atoms. As more and more of these gold atoms form, the solution becomes supersaturated, and gold gradually starts to precipitate in the form of sub-nanometer particles. The rest of the ...

See also:

Colloidal gold, Colloidal gold - Synthesis, Colloidal gold - Turkevitch et al. method, Colloidal gold - Brust et al. method, Colloidal gold - History, Colloidal gold - Current research

Read more here: » Colloidal gold: Encyclopedia II - Colloidal gold - Synthesis

The Governor-General of India (or Governor-General and Viceroy of India) was the head of the British administration in India. The office was created in 1773, with the title of Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William. The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other British East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, ...

Including:

• Governor-General of India - History
• Governor-General of India - Functions
• Governor-General of India - Council
• Governor-General of India - Style and title
• Governor-General of India - Flag
• Governor-General of India - Residence
• Governor-General of India - Governors-General
• Governor-General of India - Governors-General of Fort William 1773-1833
• Governor-General of India - Governors-General of India 1833-1858
• Governor-General of India - Governors-General and Viceroys of India 1858-1947
• Governor-General of India - Governors-General of India 1947-1950

Read more here: » Governor-General of India: Encyclopedia - Governor-General of India

Whitman's is one of the world's largest and oldest chocolate production companies. Originally a "confetionery and fruiterer shoppe" set up in 1842 by 19 year old Stephen F. Whitman on a Philadelphia waterfront, Whitman's first became popular with travelling sailors and their wives. They would often bring imported fruits, nuts and cocoa from their trips back to Mr. Whitman so that he could make the popular European confections people craved in that era. Before long Whitman's chocolates were popular all along ...

Read more here: » Whitman's: Encyclopedia - Whitman's

The Whig Party was a political party of the United States during the era of Jacksonian democracy. It was integral to the Second Party System and operated from 1832 to 1856 and was formed to oppose the policies of President Andrew Jackson and the Democratic Party he had founded. In particular, the Whigs supported the supremacy of Congress over the Executive Branch and favored a program of modernization and economic development. Their name was chosen to echo the British Whig Party, who had opposed a strong monarchy, just as the American ...

Including:

• Whig Party United States - Origins and policies
• Whig Party United States - Party structure
• Whig Party United States - The early years
• Whig Party United States - A brief golden age
• Whig Party United States - Death throes 1852–56
• Whig Party United States - Presidents from the Whig Party
• Whig Party United States - Candidates

Read more here: » Whig Party United States: Encyclopedia - Whig Party United States

A programmer or software developer is someone who programs computers, i.e. writes computer software. A computer programmer can refer to a specialist in one area of computer programming or to the general mass of programmers working for a software company who implement the bulk of the code in large scale software, whether it be for a large mainframe or a personal computer. Somebody who practices (or professes) a formal approach to programming may also be known ...

Read more here: » Programmer: Encyclopedia - Programmer

Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849–1861. On February 18, 1861, he assumed the title as King of Italy to become the first king of a united Italy, a title he held till his death in 1878. Victor Emmanuel II of Italy - Life. Victor Emmanuel was born in Turin. During the reign of his father, Charles Albert, the kingdoms of Sardinia and Piedmont were united. Charles Albert went to war in 1848 agains ...

Including:

• Victor Emmanuel II of Italy - Life
• Victor Emmanuel II of Italy - Wife and sons

Read more here: » Victor Emmanuel II of Italy: Encyclopedia - Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

Novelist, poet, playwright, dramatist, essayist and statesman, Victor-Marie Hugo (February 26, 1802–May 22, 1885) is recognized as one of the most influential French Romantic writers of the 19th century. His most well-known works are the novels Les Misérables and Notre-Dame de Paris (The Hunchback of Notre-Dame). Though conservative in his youth, he later became a passionate supporter of republicanism, and his work touches upon many of the major political and social issues and artistic trends of his time. < ...

Including:

• Victor Hugo - Early life and influences
• Victor Hugo - Early poetry and fiction
• Victor Hugo - Theatrical work
• Victor Hugo - Mature fiction
• Victor Hugo - Political life and exile
• Victor Hugo - Religious views
• Victor Hugo - Declining years and death
• Victor Hugo - Drawings
• Victor Hugo - Works
• Victor Hugo - Published during Hugo's lifetime
• Victor Hugo - Published posthumously
• Victor Hugo - Online texts

Read more here: » Victor Hugo: Encyclopedia - Victor Hugo