Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). 1814 - Events. January 14 - Denmark cedes Norway to Sweden in exchange for west Pomerania, as part of the Treaty of Kiel January 29 - French army of Emperor Napoleon I wins the Battle of Brienne January 31 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina. February - Congress ...

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1814 - Events 1814 - Ongoing events 1814 - Births 1814 - Deaths 1814 - Other

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans

On May 1, the first draft of the constitution was signed by the drafting committee. In addition to the principle of the Norwegian people's right to self-determination, the constitution's key precepts included the assurance of individual freedom, the right to property, and equality. Following a contentious debate on May 4, the assembly decided that Norway would profess itself to the Lutheran-Evangelical faith, that its monarch must always have profess himself to this faith (thereby precluding the Catholic-born Bernadotte from being a king), and that ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution

On May 22, the newly elected king makes a triumphant entrance to Christiania, exactly one year after he first arrived as viceroy to Norway. The cannons at Akershus Fortress sound off the royal salute, and a celebratory service was held at the Oslo cathedral. There is continuing concern about the international climate, and on May 24 the government decided to send two of the delegates from the constitutional assembly to join Carsten Anker in England to make Norway's case. On May ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy

On June 26, emissaries from Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain arrived in Vänersborg in Sweden to convince Christian Frederik to comply with the provisions of the treaty of Kiel. There they conferred with von Essen, who said there were 65,000 Swedish troops ready to invade Norway. On June 30 the group arrived in Christiania, where they rudely turned down Christian Frederik's hospitality. Meeting with the Norwegian council of state the following day, the Russian emissary Orlow put the choice to those present: Norway could subject it ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war

Swedish forces met no resistance as they advance westward into Norway, and on August 3 Christian Frederik announces his political will in a council of state in Moss. The first hostilities were short and ended with decisive victories for Sweden. Christian Frederik ordered a retreat. On August 7 a delegation from Bernadotte arrived at the Norwegian headquarters in Spydeberg with a cease-fire offer that would join Norway in a union with Sweden and respect the Norwegian constitution. The day after, Christian Frederik expressed favor to th ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war

The news hit the Norwegian public hard, and reactions included anger at the "cowardice" and "treason" of the military commanders, despair over the prospects of Norwegian nationhood, and confusion about the country's options. Christian Frederik abdicated the throne for "reasons of health," leaving his authority with the state council as agreed in a secret protocol at Moss. In a letter dated, August 28, Christian Frederik ordered the council to accept orders from the "highest authority," clearly referring to the Swedish king. Two days later, the ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire

Several members of the Hood family have served as admirals in the Royal Navy: Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood (1724–1816) Alexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport (1726–1814) Sir Samuel Hood (1762–1814) Arthur Hood, 1st Baron Hood (1824–1901) Horace Lambert Alexander Hood (1870–1916) Other related archivesAlexander Hood, 1st Viscount Bridport, Arthur Hood, 1st Baron Hood, Horace Lambert Alexander Hood, Royal Navy, Samuel Hood, Samuel Hood

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The Blucher (or Blücher) was an early railway locomotive built in 1814 by George Stephenson for the Killingworth Colliery. The Blucher was the first successful locomotive incorporating the following design features: Flanged wheels keeping the locomotive on the tracks Traction only relying on the friction of wheels on rails Cylinder rods directly connected to the wheel disks The Blucher had the ability to pull a train of thirty tons with a speed of 4 mph. ...

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Blucher - Other early locomotive designs

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The Congress of Vienna was a conference between ambassadors from the major powers in Europe that was chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich and held in Vienna, Austria, from September 1, 1814, to June 9, 1815. Its purpose was to redraw the continent's political map after the defeat of Napoleonic France the previous spring. The discussions continued despite the ex-Emperor Napoleon I's return from exile and resumption of power in France in March 1815, and the Congress's Final Act was signed nine days before his ...

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Congress of Vienna - Participants Congress of Vienna - Waterloo campaign Congress of Vienna - Territorial changes
Congress of Vienna - Polish-Saxon crisis Congress of Vienna - Other changes
Congress of Vienna - Later criticism Congress of Vienna - Other meanings

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The Brigade of Gurkhas is the collective term for British Army units that are composed of Nepalese soldiers. They are famous for their ever-present kukri blade. Brigade of Gurkhas - Origins. Main articles the Gurkhas and the British Indian Army The first Gurkhas volunteered as mercenaries in the service of the British East India Company after the war in Nepal of 1814-1816. During the war, the British were impressed by the tenacity of the Gurkha soldiers and encouraged them to volu ...

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Brigade of Gurkhas - Origins Brigade of Gurkhas - The British Army Brigade of Gurkhas - Training Depot Brigade of Gurkhas TDBG Brigade of Gurkhas - British Gurkha units 1947-1994 Brigade of Gurkhas - Current units of the Brigade of Gurkhas Brigade of Gurkhas - London memorial Brigade of Gurkhas - Other

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Wüsthof Dreizackwerk is a world-known knife maker based in Solingen, Germany, and noted for its very high quality. Until the introduction of the Silverpoint series, all Wüsthof knives were forged from a piece of steel. The Silverpoint series is stamped and often considered inferior. While mainly a kitchen-knife maker, the company also produces kitchen shears, pocket knives and other cooking accessories, although to a smaller scale than its main competitor, Henckels. All Wüsthof knives are made in Solingen by a family-owned operation that dates back to 1814. Silverpoint, Culinar, Grand Prix, ...

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The House of Bourbon is an important European royal house. Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty held thrones in Spain and southern Italy; other Bourbons held important duchies. Spain currently has a Bourbon monarch. Bourbon monarchs ruled Navarre (from 1555) and France (from 1589 until the 1792 overthrow of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Restored briefly in 1814 and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the First French Empire, the sen ...

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House of Bourbon - Origin of the House of Bourbon House of Bourbon - The rise of Henry IV House of Bourbon - The Early Bourbon Kings of France House of Bourbon - Early Bourbons of Spain and Italy House of Bourbon - The Bourbons During the French Revolution House of Bourbon - The Bourbon Restoration in France and its aftermath House of Bourbon - Later Bourbon monarchs outside France House of Bourbon - List of Bourbon rulers
House of Bourbon - Monarchs of France House of Bourbon - Monarchs of Spain House of Bourbon - Other signifigant Bourbon branches

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Denmark had become entangled on the French side in the Napoleonic War through its participation in the Gunboat War. Having lost its fleet, its was virtually defenseless as the tides turned against France. On January 7, about to be overrun by Swedish, Russian, and German troops under the command of the elected crown prince of Sweden, Jean Baptiste Jules (Carl Johan) Bernadotte, the Danish king Frederick VI of Denmark agreed to cede Norway in order to avoid an occupation of Jutland. Already in Norway, the Danish viceroy of Norway, Hered ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway

On February 10, Christian Frederik invited prominent Norwegians to a meeting to be held at his friend Carsten Anker's estate in Eidsvoll. On February 14, the crown prince proclaimed his intent to resist Swedish hegemony and claim the Norwegian crown as his inheritance. But at an emotional meeting in Eidsvoll on February 16, prominent Norwegian leaders convinced him that Norway's claim to independence should rather be based on the principle of self-determination, and that he should act as a regent. Arriving in Christiania on February 19, Christian Frederik proclaimed himself r ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war

Count Wedel-Jarlsberg, one of the most prominent of the Norwegian nobility arrived in Norway on March 3 and confronted the regent, accusing him of playing a dangerous game. Christian Frederik responded by accusing Wedel-Jarlsberg of colluding with the Swedes. Returns from elections for delegates to the constitutional convention also showed there were widespread misgivings about the independence movement. By the end of March, there is openly expresse ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad

Although the European powers refused to acknowledge the Norwegian independence movement, there were signs by early April that they were not inclined to support Sweden in an all-out confrontation on the matter. As time approaches for the constitutional convention, there was growing support for opposition to the treaty of Kiel, especially from Bergen. On April 10, the constitutional convention convened for the first time, at church services in Eidsvoll. The sermon caused some stir by flattering Christian Frederik in particular an ...

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Norway in 1814, Norway in 1814 - To save Denmark Frederick VI gives up Norway, Norway in 1814 - The Danish hereditary prince has other plans, Norway in 1814 - The independence movement solidifies and is threatened by war, Norway in 1814 - Christian Frederik meets increasing opposition from within and abroad, Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention, Norway in 1814 - Framing the constitution, Norway in 1814 - Seeking domestic and international legitimacy, Norway in 1814 - Prelude to war, Norway in 1814 - A short but decisive war, Norway in 1814 - An uneasy but durable cease-fire, Norway in 1814 - Easing into a new arrangement

Read more here: » Norway in 1814: Encyclopedia II - Norway in 1814 - The constitutional convention

The town was established from part of the Town of Livingston in 1803, but was then called the "Town of Gallatin." In 1814, the name was changed to "Ancram." Part of Ancram was taken to form a new Town of Gallatin in 1830. Mining of iron was important in the early economy. ...

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Ancram New York, Ancram New York - History, Ancram New York - Geography, Ancram New York - Demographics, Ancram New York - Communities and other locations

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Following the death of his wife in 1812 he joined the Foreign Service. He was appointed ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Vienna, where he signed the Treaty of Toplitz between Britain and Austria in October 1813. He was one of the British representatives at the Congress of Chatillon in February 1814, and at the negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in the following May. Returning home he was created a peer of the United Kingdom as Viscount Gordon, of Aberdeen in the County of Aberdeen (1814), and ...

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George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Parentage, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Upbringing and education, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Period 1801–1812, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Official and political career, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Death successors to title and other personal matters, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Lord Aberdeen's Government December 1852 - February 1855, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Succession, George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen - Reference

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With the abdication of Napoleon on April 11, 1814 the Bourbon Dynasty was restored to the kingdom of France in the person of Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI. Napoleon escaped from exile and Louis fled in March 1815. Louis was again restored after the Battle of Waterloo on July 7. The conservative elements of Europe dominated the post-Napoleonic age, but the values of the French Revolution could not be easily swept aside. Louis granted a constitution on June 14, 1814 to appease the liberals, but the ultra-royalist party, led by his b ...

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House of Bourbon, House of Bourbon - Origin of the House of Bourbon, House of Bourbon - The rise of Henry IV, House of Bourbon - The Early Bourbon Kings of France, House of Bourbon - Early Bourbons of Spain and Italy, House of Bourbon - The Bourbons During the French Revolution, House of Bourbon - The Bourbon Restoration in France and its aftermath, House of Bourbon - Later Bourbon monarchs outside France, House of Bourbon - List of Bourbon rulers, House of Bourbon - Monarchs of France, House of Bourbon - Monarchs of Spain, House of Bourbon - Other significant Bourbon branches

Read more here: » House of Bourbon: Encyclopedia II - House of Bourbon - The Bourbon Restoration in France and its aftermath