Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). 1813 - Events. March 17 - Through a newspaper, the Prussian king Frederick William III of Prussia calls for resistance against the Napoleonic occupation April 27 - War of 1812: Battle of York - United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of Ontario, York (present day Toronto, Ontario). ...

Including:

• 1813 - Events
• 1813 - Ongoing events
• 1813 - Births
• 1813 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1813: Encyclopedia - 1813

1861 - January. January 1 - Benito Juárez captures Mexico City January 2 - Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia dies and is succeeded by Wilhelm I January 3 - American Civil War: Delaware votes not to secede from the United States January 9 - Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union, preceding the American Civil War. January 10 - American Civil War: Florida secedes from the United States January 11 - American Civil War: Alabama secedes from the U ...

See also:

1861, 1861 - Events, 1861 - January, 1861 - February, 1861 - March-April, 1861 - May-June, 1861 - July-August, 1861 - September-October, 1861 - November, 1861 - Unknown dates, 1861 - Births, 1861 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1861: Encyclopedia II - Events

1900 (MCM) is a common year starting on Monday. 1900 - Events. January 2 - John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China. January 2 - Chicago Canal opens. January 5 - Irish leader John Edward Redmond calls for a revolt against British rule. January 6 - It is reported that millions are starving in India. January 6 - Boers attack Ladysmith - over 1000 people were killed. January 8 - United States President William McKinley ...

Including:

• 1900 - Events
• 1900 - February
• 1900 - March
• 1900 - April
• 1900 - May
• 1900 - June
• 1900 - July
• 1900 - August
• 1900 - September
• 1900 - October
• 1900 - November
• 1900 - Births
• 1900 - January
• 1900 - February
• 1900 - March
• 1900 - April
• 1900 - May
• 1900 - June
• 1900 - July
• 1900 - August
• 1900 - September
• 1900 - October
• 1900 - November
• 1900 - December
• 1900 - Deaths
• 1900 - Month/day unknown
• 1900 - Notes

Read more here: » 1900: Encyclopedia - 1900

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). 1898 - Events. January 1 - New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, Brooklyn, Qu ...

Including:

• 1898 - Events
• 1898 - February
• 1898 - March
• 1898 - April
• 1898 - May
• 1898 - June
• 1898 - July
• 1898 - August
• 1898 - September
• 1898 - October
• 1898 - December
• 1898 - Births
• 1898 - January to March
• 1898 - April to June
• 1898 - July to September
• 1898 - October to December
• 1898 - Unknown dates
• 1898 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1898: Encyclopedia - 1898

1887 is a common year starting on Saturday (click on link for calendar). Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1887 - Events. January 6 - `Abd-allah II of Harar opens the Battle of Chelenqo with an attack on the camp of the Shewan army of Negus Menelik II early in the morning; prepared for the assault, the Negus orders a counter-attack which routs the enemy, resulting with the capture of Harar a few days later. ...

Including:

• 1887 - Events
• 1887 - February
• 1887 - March
• 1887 - April
• 1887 - May
• 1887 - June
• 1887 - July
• 1887 - October
• 1887 - November
• 1887 - December
• 1887 - Unknown dates
• 1887 - Births
• 1887 - January
• 1887 - February
• 1887 - March
• 1887 - April-May
• 1887 - June
• 1887 - July
• 1887 - August
• 1887 - September
• 1887 - October
• 1887 - November
• 1887 - December
• 1887 - Month/day unknown
• 1887 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1887: Encyclopedia - 1887

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). 1857 - Events. January 9 - Earthquake at Fort Tejon, California with an estimated magnitude of 7.9 February 16 - The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, DC becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. March 3 - Franc ...

Including:

• 1857 - Events
• 1857 - Births
• 1857 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1857: Encyclopedia - 1857

1861 is a common year starting on Tuesday. Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1861 - Events. January 1 - Benito Juárez captures Mexico City January 2 - Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia dies and is succeeded by Wilhelm I January 3 - American Civil War: Delaware votes not to secede from the United States January 9 - Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union, preceding t ...

Including:

• 1861 - Events
• 1861 - February
• 1861 - March-April
• 1861 - May-June
• 1861 - July-August
• 1861 - September-October
• 1861 - November
• 1861 - Unknown dates
• 1861 - Births
• 1861 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1861: Encyclopedia - 1861

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1883 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). 1883 - Events. January 10 - A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee kills 71 January 16 - The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil service, is passed January 19 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service (Roselle, New Jersey) It was b ...

Including:

• 1883 - Events
• 1883 - Births
• 1883 - January-June
• 1883 - July-December
• 1883 - Unknown date
• 1883 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1883: Encyclopedia - 1883

Augustin Louis Cauchy (August 21, 1789 – May 23, 1857) was a French mathematician. He started the project of formulating and proving the theorems of calculus in a rigorous manner and was thus an early pioneer of analysis. He also gave several important theorems in complex analysis and initiated the study of permutation groups. A profound mathematician, Cauchy exercised by his perspicuous and rigorous methods a great influence over his contemporaries and successors. His writings cov ...

Read more here: » Augustin Louis Cauchy: Encyclopedia - Augustin Louis Cauchy

Canada - Mexico - South Africa - U.S. Rail Transport - Science - Sports Births - Deaths 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). 1854 - Events. January 4 - The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang. January 13 - The accordion is patented by Anthony Faas. January 21 - Loss of the Tayleur - 380 drowned, later dubbed "the first Titanic" February 11 - Major stree ...

Including:

• 1854 - Events
• 1854 - Births
• 1854 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1854: Encyclopedia - 1854

Note that historical confederations, especially those that predate the 20th century, may not fit the current definition of a confederation and may show some qualities that are today recognized as those of a federation. Crown of Aragon (1137–1716) Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795) (different governments, armies, treasuries, laws, territories with borders, citizenships; common monarch (Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland), parliament (Seimas,Sejm) and currency) Switzerland (1291–1848) < ...

See also:

Confederation, Confederation - Confederation vs. federation, Confederation - Confederation as an event, Confederation - Confederation day, Confederation - List of entities considered to be confederations, Confederation - Fictional confederations

Read more here: » Confederation: Encyclopedia II - Confederation - List of entities considered to be confederations

August 5 is the 217th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (218th in leap years), with 148 days remaining. August 5 - Events. 642 - Battle of Maserfeld - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia 1100 - Henry I crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey 1305 - William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, is captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution. 1583 - Sir Humphrey G ...

Including:

• August 5 - Events
• August 5 - Births
• August 5 - Deaths
• August 5 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 5: Encyclopedia - August 5

August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. August 27 - Events. 479 BC - Greco-Persian Wars: Persian forces led by Mardonius are routed by Pausanias, the Spartan commander of the Greek army in the Battle of Plataea. Along the with the Greek victory on the same day in the Battle of Mycale, the Persian invasion of Greece ended. 55 BC - Julius Caesar lands in Britain for the first time. AD 410 - Visigo ...

Including:

• August 27 - Events
• August 27 - Births
• August 27 - Deaths
• August 27 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 27: Encyclopedia - August 27

August 6 is the 218th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (219th in leap years), with 147 days remaining. August 6 - Events. 1538 - Bogota, Colombia founded by Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada. 1806 - Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates, thus ending the Holy Roman Empire. 1819 - Norwich University founded in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States. 1825 - Bolivia gains independence from Spain. 1861 - British ann ...

Including:

• August 6 - Events
• August 6 - Births
• August 6 - Deaths
• August 6 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 6: Encyclopedia - August 6

Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (November 30, 1719 – February 8, 1772) was Princess of Wales from May 8, 1736 to March 31, 1751. She was one of only three holders of the title who never became queen. Her husband, Frederick, Prince of Wales died before his father; Augusta's son by Frederick became King George III of Great Britain. Augusta was the daughter of Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha, and arrived in Britain, aged only sixteen and speaking virtually no English, for a wedding ceremony which took place almost immediately, on May 8, ...

Read more here: » Augusta of Saxe-Gotha: Encyclopedia - Augusta of Saxe-Gotha

August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 132 days remaining. August 21 - Events. 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan. (Traditional Japanese date: July 12, 1192) 1680 - Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt 1770 - James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain, naming it New South Wales. 17 ...

Including:

• August 21 - Events
• August 21 - Births
• August 21 - Deaths
• August 21 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 21: Encyclopedia - August 21

August Wilhelm von Schlegel (September 8, 1767 - May 12, 1845), German poet, translator and critic, was born at Hanover, where his father, Johann Adolf Schlegel (1721-1793), was a Lutheran pastor. He was educated at the Hanover gymnasium and at the university of Göttingen. With his brother Friedrich, the principal philosopher of German romanticism, he founded Athenaeum (1798-1800), the chief journal of the movement. Having spent some years as a tutor in the house of a banker at Amsterdam, he went to Jena, where, in 1796, he ma ...

Including:

• August Wilhelm von Schlegel - Works and Literature
• August Wilhelm von Schlegel - Letters
• August Wilhelm von Schlegel - External link

Read more here: » August Wilhelm von Schlegel: Encyclopedia - August Wilhelm von Schlegel

August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 134 days remaining. August 19 - Events. 293 BC - Oldest known Roman temple to Venus Libitina founded on the Esquiline Hill; institution of Vinalia Rustica begins. 1561 - Queen Mary Stuart returns to Scotland. 1692 - Salem Witch Trials: In Salem, Massachusetts five women and a clergyman are executed after being convicted of witchcraft. 1745 - ...

Including:

• August 19 - Events
• August 19 - Births
• August 19 - Deaths
• August 19 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » August 19: Encyclopedia - August 19

Astara is a city in the Iranian province of Gilan. It lies on the border with Azerbaijan Republic. It is a relatively important border trade center between Iran and the Caucasus. Astara Iran - Etymology:. Its name is derived from the Tukic words AST (=lower)+ ARA (or ARALIQ =land); means "The lower land", beacause it's located in one of the lowest lands of azeri populated areas. There is also another idea about Astara :Its name is derived from the Persian or taleshi word Including:

• Astara Iran - Etymology:
• Astara Iran - History
• Astara Iran - People

Read more here: » Astara Iran: Encyclopedia - Astara Iran

Assamese (অসমীয়া) or Asamiya or Oxomiya is the language spoken by some of the natives of the state of Assam in northeast India. It is also the official language of Assam. It is spoken in parts of Arunachal Pradesh and other northeast Indian states. Small pockets of Assamese speakers can be found in Bhutan and Bangladesh. Immigrants from Assam have carried the language with them to other parts of the world. The eastern most of Indo-European languages, it is spoken by over 20 million people. As ...

Including:

• Assamese language - Formation of Assamese
• Assamese language - Writing
• Assamese language - Phonetics
• Assamese language - Dialects
• Assamese language - History
• Assamese language - Early Assamese 6th to 15th century AD
• Assamese language - Middle Assamese 17th to 19th Century AD
• Assamese language - Modern Assamese

Read more here: » Assamese language: Encyclopedia - Assamese language