As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. See also: 16th century in literature 16th century - Events. 1501: Safavid dynasty rules Iran until 1736. 1503: Leonardo da Vinci begins painting the Mona Lisa and completes it three or four years later. 1509: The Battle of Diu marks the beginning of Portuguese dominance of the Spice trade. 1514: The Battle of Orsha halts Muscovy's expansion into ...

Including:

• 16th century - Events
• 16th century - Significant people
• 16th century - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 16th century - Decades and years

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Including:

• 16th century BC - Overview
• 16th century BC - Events
• 16th century BC - Significant persons

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The 8th and 9th Battalions of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers combined to form the 8/9th Battalion in October 1917 which was subsequently disbanded in February 1918. 49th Brigade  7th (Service) Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers (merged with 8th Battalion October 1916, disbanded February 1918) 8th (Service) Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers (merged with 7th Battalion October 1916, disbanded February 1918) 7th (Service) Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers (merged with ...

See also:

British 16th Irish Division, British 16th Irish Division - Formation, British 16th Irish Division - Battles, British 16th Irish Division - Reading

Read more here: » British 16th Irish Division: Encyclopedia II - British 16th Irish Division - Formation

A tragedy may be defined loosely as any work of fiction in which the protagonist suffers a fall in his or her fortunes, and ends in a worse state than that in which they began. Works as diverse as Oedipus Rex, Hamlet, Hedda Gabler and Scarface may thus be classified as tragedies. Throughout much of Western thought, however, tragedy has been defined in more precise terms, following the precepts set out by Aristotle: it is a form of drama characterized by seriousness and dignity, usually involving a co ...

Including:

• Tragedy - Origin of Western tragedy
• Tragedy - Theories of tragedy
• Tragedy - Greek tragedy
• Tragedy - Renaissance and 17th century tragedy
• Tragedy - English Renaissance Tragedy
• Tragedy - French Tragedy in the 16th and 17th centuries
• Tragedy - Modern tragedy
• Tragedy - Tragedy in film

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During this period, the society of New France was being built with great difficulty. The French merchants contracted to transport colonists did not respect their end of the bargain, and the French and their Indian allies were at war with the Iroquois, allied to the English until 1701, etc. To add to these difficulties, the printing press was officially forbidden in Canada until the British Conquest. In spite of this, some notable documents were produced in the early days of colonization and were passed down from generation to generati ...

See also:

Quebec Literature, Quebec Literature - 16th and 17th centuries, Quebec Literature - 18th century, Quebec Literature - 19th century, Quebec Literature - 20th century

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In 1876 Harnack investigated algebraic curves and found that curves of order n could have no more than separate components. Furthermore he showed how to construct curves that attained that upper bound, and thus that it was the best possible bound. Curves with that number of components are called M-curves. Hilbert had investigated the M-curves of order 6 and found that the 11 components always were grouped in a certain way. His challenge to the mathematical community now was ...

See also:

Hilbert's sixteenth problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The first part of Hilbert's 16th problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The second part of Hilbert's 16th problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The original formulation of the problems

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Here we are going to consider polynomial vector fields in the real plane, that is a system of differential equations of the form: where both P and Q are real polynomials of degree n. These polynomial vector fields were studied by Poincaré, who had the idea of abandoning the search for finding exact solutions to the system, and instead attempted to study the qualitative features of the collection of all possible solutions. Among many important discoveries, he found that the limit sets of such solutions need not be a stationar ...

See also:

Hilbert's sixteenth problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The first part of Hilbert's 16th problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The second part of Hilbert's 16th problem, Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The original formulation of the problems

Read more here: » Hilbert's sixteenth problem: Encyclopedia II - Hilbert's sixteenth problem - The second part of Hilbert's 16th problem

In 16th century the introduction of gunpowder and firearms made the mediæval heavy cavalry obsolete. The standing army of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was gradually converted to other, more modern forms of cavalry. Under eastern influence, the armament of the cavalrymen was lightened and their speed and mobility increased, which added to the successes of the Polish cavalry in numerous wars against Muscovy, Turkey and the Tartar ...

See also:

Polish cavalry, Polish cavalry - Battle of Grunwald, Polish cavalry - 16th and 17th centuries, Polish cavalry - 19th century: the Napoleonic Era, Polish cavalry - 20th century: the Polish-Bolshevik War, Polish cavalry - 20th century: World War II, Polish cavalry - 20th century: After World War II, Polish cavalry - Cavalry charges and Nazi propaganda, Polish cavalry - Strengths and Weaknesses

Read more here: » Polish cavalry: Encyclopedia II - Polish cavalry - 16th and 17th centuries

In 16th century the introduction of gunpowder and firearms made the mediæval heavy cavalry obsolete. The standing army of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was gradually converted to other, more modern forms of cavalry. Under eastern influence, the armament of the cavalrymen was lightened and their speed and mobility increased, which added to the successes of the Polish cavalry in numerous wars against Muscovy, Turkey and the Tartar ...

See also:

Polish cavalry, Polish cavalry - Battle of Grunwald, Polish cavalry - 16th and 17th centuries, Polish cavalry - 19th century: the Napoleonic Era, Polish cavalry - 20th century: the Polish-Bolshevik War, Polish cavalry - 20th century: World War II, Polish cavalry - 20th century: After World War II, Polish cavalry - Cavalry charges and Anti-Polish propaganda, Polish cavalry - Strengths and Weaknesses

Read more here: » Polish cavalry: Encyclopedia II - Polish cavalry - 16th and 17th centuries

1576: (The events of The Castlevania Adventure) After a century of a deep slumber, the evil Count Dracula rises to wreak havoc once again on the landscape of Europe, but this time, Christopher Belmont, great-grandfather of Simon Belmont, rises to the occasion with the legendary Vampire Killer and vanquishes the evil Prince of Darkness, destroying his evil minions and restoring peace to the land once again. 1591: (The events of Castlevania II: Belmont's Revenge) Though Christopher Belmont had defeated the ev ...

See also:

Castlevania timeline, Castlevania timeline - 11th Century, Castlevania timeline - 12th-14th Centuries, Castlevania timeline - 15th Century, Castlevania timeline - 16th Century, Castlevania timeline - 17th Century, Castlevania timeline - 18th Century, Castlevania timeline - 19th Century, Castlevania timeline - 20th Century, Castlevania timeline - 21st Century

Read more here: » Castlevania timeline: Encyclopedia II - Castlevania timeline - 16th Century

Diplomatically, the kingdom established tributary relations with China during its Ming and Qing Dynasties. It also developed trade relations with Japan, Korea and many Southeast Asian countries, including Siam, Pattani, Malacca, Champa, Hue, and Java. Between the 15th and 16th centuries, the Ryukyu Kingdom emerged as the main trading intermediary in Eastern Asia. Japanese products (silver, swords, fans lacquerware, folding screens) and Chinese products (medical herb, minted coins, glazed ceramics, brocades, textiles) were traded withi ...

See also:

Ryukyu Kingdom, Ryukyu Kingdom - History, Ryukyu Kingdom - Asian trade 15th-16th century, Ryukyu Kingdom - Japanese invasion 1609, Ryukyu Kingdom - Major events, Ryukyu Kingdom - List of Ryukyu Kings

Read more here: » Ryukyu Kingdom: Encyclopedia II - Ryukyu Kingdom - Asian trade 15th-16th century

From the 16th century onwards, Birmingham became a centre of many metalworking industries, with a skilled population of ironmongers. Birmingham was located near sources of iron ore, and coal and also several streams which could power bellows. These natural advantages ensured that Birmingham developed into a metalworking and manufacturing centre. In 1538 during the reign of King Henry VIII, a traveller named John Leland visited Birmingham, and noted that items such as kn ...

See also:

History of Birmingham, History of Birmingham - Ancient history, History of Birmingham - Saxon Birmingham, History of Birmingham - Medieval Birmingham, History of Birmingham - 16th and 17th centuries, History of Birmingham - 18th century, History of Birmingham - 19th century, History of Birmingham - Improvements, History of Birmingham - Expansion, History of Birmingham - 20th century, History of Birmingham - Diversity, History of Birmingham - Regeneration, History of Birmingham - Historic population

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In the late Kabbalistic tradition, originating in the city of Safed in the 16th century, an essential part of representations of the Tree of life or Etz Hayim is a set of three vertical lines of light, each line being headed by Sefirot, or degrees of altruistic quality at the top. These three Sefirot form a spiritual or heavenly triangle, which rules the whole earthly part of the Tree of Life. It is obvious that Sefirot of Kether (Crown), Chochmah (Wisdom) and Binah (Understanding), i.e. Ancient One, Father and Mother, or even Chochmah, Bina ...

See also:

Trinity, Trinity - Scripture and tradition, Trinity - Baptism as the beginning lesson, Trinity - Key scriptural texts cited by trinitarians, Trinity - Ontology of the Trinity, Trinity - Historical view and usage, Trinity - One God, Trinity - God exists in three persons, Trinity - Orthodox Roman Catholic and Protestant distinctions, Trinity - Historical development, Trinity - Dissent from the doctrine, Trinity - Other views of the Trinity, Trinity - Theory of pagan origin and influence, Trinity - Christian life and the Blessed Trinity, Trinity - Similarities in the 16th-century Jewish Kabbalah, Trinity - In popular culture

Read more here: » Trinity: Encyclopedia II - Trinity - Similarities in the 16th-century Jewish Kabbalah

In the late Kabbalistic tradition, originating in the city of Safed in the 16th century, an essential part of representations of the Tree of life or Etz Hayim is a set of three vertical lines of light, each line being headed by Sefirot, or degrees of altruistic quality at the top. These three Sefirot form a spiritual or heavenly triangle, which rules the whole earthly part of the Tree of Life. It is obvious that Sefirot of Kether (Crown), Chochmah (Wisdom) and Binah (Understanding), i.e. Ancient One, Father and Mother, or even Chochmah, Bina ...

See also:

Trinity, Trinity - Scripture and tradition, Trinity - Baptism as the beginning lesson, Trinity - Scriptural texts cited as implicit support for the doctrine of the Trinity, Trinity - Ontology of the Trinity, Trinity - Historical view and usage, Trinity - One God, Trinity - God exists in three persons, Trinity - Orthodox Roman Catholic and Protestant distinctions, Trinity - Historical development, Trinity - Dissent from the doctrine, Trinity - Other views of the Trinity, Trinity - Theory of pagan origin and influence, Trinity - Christian life and the Blessed Trinity, Trinity - Similarities in the 16th-century Jewish Kabbalah, Trinity - In popular culture

Read more here: » Trinity: Encyclopedia II - Trinity - Similarities in the 16th-century Jewish Kabbalah

The portrait miniature developed from the miniature of illuminated manuscripts, which had been superseded for the purposes of book illustration by printing techniques such as engraving. The first portrait miniaturist about whom anything definite is known was Nicholas Hilliard (c. 1537–1619), whose work partakes of the characteristics of illuminated manuscripts. The colors are opaque; gold is used to heighten the effect; while the paintings are on card. They are often signed, and have frequently also a Latin motto upon them. Hilliard ...

See also:

Portrait miniature, Portrait miniature - England 16th and 17th centuries, Portrait miniature - England 18th and 19th centuries, Portrait miniature - France, Portrait miniature - Materials

Read more here: » Portrait miniature: Encyclopedia II - Portrait miniature - England 16th and 17th centuries

In 1521, the Kalmar Union finally collapsed and Gustav Vasa became the King of Sweden. During his rule, the Swedish church was reformed (1527). The state administration underwent extensive reforms and development too, giving it a much stronger grip on the life of local communities - and ability to collect higher taxes. Following the policies of the Reformation, in 1551 Mikael Agricola, bishop of Turku, published his translation of the New Testament into the Finnish language. In 1550, Helsinki was founded by Gustav Vasa, but remained little m ...

See also:

History of Finland, History of Finland - Earliest origins of the Finns, History of Finland - Pre-history, History of Finland - The Middle Ages, History of Finland - The 16th century, History of Finland - The 17th century - the Swedish Empire, History of Finland - The 18th century - the Age of Reason, History of Finland - Russian Grand Duchy, History of Finland - Independence and Civil War, History of Finland - Finland in the inter-war era, History of Finland - Finland in World War II, History of Finland - Post-war era, History of Finland - Recent history

Read more here: » History of Finland: Encyclopedia II - History of Finland - The 16th century

In 1521, The Kalmar Union finally collapsed and Gustav Vasa became the King of Sweden. During his rule, the Swedish church was reformed. The state administration underwent extensive reforms and development too, giving it much stronger grip on the life of local communities - and ability to collect higher taxes. 1527 The Protestant Reformation in Sweden. 1550 Helsinki is founded by Gustav Vasa, but remains little more than a fishing village for more than two centuries. 1551 Mikael Agricola, bishop of Turku, publishes his trans ...

See also:

History of Finland, History of Finland - Earliest origins of the Finns, History of Finland - Prehistory, History of Finland - The Middle Ages, History of Finland - The 16th century, History of Finland - The 17th century - the Swedish Empire, History of Finland - The 18th Century - Age of Reason, History of Finland - Russian Grand Duchy, History of Finland - Independence and Civil War, History of Finland - Finland in the inter-war era, History of Finland - Finland in World War II, History of Finland - Post-War Era, History of Finland - Recent history

Read more here: » History of Finland: Encyclopedia II - History of Finland - The 16th century

It took 26 years to construct the six-pillared Assumption Cathedral, which was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in 1559. The cathedral is much larger than its model and namesake in the Moscow Kremlin. The magnificent iconostasis of the 16th–18th centuries features Simon Ushakov's masterpiece, the icon of Last Supper. Interior walls were painted with violet and blue frescoes by a team of Yaroslavl masters in 1684. The vault contains burials of Boris ...

See also:

Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 14th century, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 15th century, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 16th century, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 17th century, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 18th and 19th centuries, Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 20th century

Read more here: » Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra: Encyclopedia II - Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra - 16th century

Spelling and punctuation before the 16th century was highly erratic, but the introduction of printing in 1470 provoked the need for uniformity. Several Renaissance humanists (working with publishers) proposed reforms in French orthography, the most famous being Jacques Peletier du Mans who developed a phonetic-based spelling system and introduced new typographic signs (1550). Peletier continued to use his syste ...

See also:

Reforms of French orthography, Reforms of French orthography - 16th century, Reforms of French orthography - 18th century, Reforms of French orthography - 19th century, Reforms of French orthography - 20th century, Reforms of French orthography - The 1990 orthographic rectifications, Reforms of French orthography - 1990 Rules, Reforms of French orthography - Application, Reforms of French orthography - External link

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History of Haiti - Native extinction and colonial rule. Haiti's indigenous Arawak (or Taíno) population suffered near-extinction in the decades after Christopher Columbus's arrival in 1492, in possibly the worst case of the widespread depopulation which followed the first European contact with the Americas. The demographic collapse of the period has been attributed by many to genocide on the part of Haiti's Spanish conquerors. The Catholic priest and contempory historian Bartolomé de Las Casas wrote in h ...

See also:

History of Haiti, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 16th century, History of Haiti - Native extinction and colonial rule, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 17th and 18th centuries, History of Haiti - French colonization, History of Haiti - Impact of the French Revolution, History of Haiti - The Great Slave Rebellion of 1791, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 19th century, History of Haiti - Early Independence, History of Haiti - Constitution of 1805, History of Haiti - Struggle for Identity, History of Haiti - An Era of Development, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 20th century, History of Haiti - 1915-1934: U.S. Occupation, History of Haiti - 1957-1986: Duvalier regime, History of Haiti - 1986-1991: Provisional governments, History of Haiti - The 1991 coup, History of Haiti - 1994: Foreign military intervention, History of Haiti - 1996: Political gridlock, History of Haiti - Haiti in the 21st century, History of Haiti - 2000: The electoral crisis, History of Haiti - International military presence, History of Haiti - 2004: Revolt against Aristide, History of Haiti - Haiti Post-Aristide

Read more here: » History of Haiti: Encyclopedia II - History of Haiti - Haiti in the 16th century