1672 - Events. March 15 - Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence. May 2 - John Maitland becomes Duke of Lauderdale and Earl of March. June 12 - French forces under king Louis XIV cross the Rhine to Netherlands June 28 - William III of Orange appointed Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht. August 20 - Johan de Witt, Grand Pensionary of Holland is slaughtered by a mob in The Hague. England, France, Münster and Cologne in ...

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• 1672 - Events
• 1672 - Births
• 1672 - Deaths

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In general usage, alcohol (from Arabic al-kukhul الكحول, al meaning 'the' and kukhul meaning 'spirit', the chemical) refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol (see alcoholic beverage). This sense underlies the term alcoholism (addiction to alcohol). Other forms of alcohol are usually described with a clarifying adjective, as in isopropyl alcohol or by the suffix -ol, as in isopropanol. As a drug, com ...

Including:

• Alcohol - Structure
• Alcohol - Methanol & ethanol
• Alcohol - Uses
• Alcohol - Sources
• Alcohol - Nomenclature
• Alcohol - Systematic names
• Alcohol - Etymology
• Alcohol - Physical and chemical properties
• Alcohol - Toxicity
• Alcohol - Preparation of alcohols
• Alcohol - Laboratory
• Alcohol - Industrial
• Alcohol - Reactions of alcohols
• Alcohol - Deprotonation
• Alcohol - Nucleophilic substitution
• Alcohol - Dehydration
• Alcohol - Esterification
• Alcohol - Oxidation

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Cannibalism is the act or practice of eating members of one's own species and usually refers to humans eating other humans (sometimes called anthropophagy). Cannibalism has been attributed to many different tribes and ethnicities in the past, but the degree to which it has actually occurred and been socially sanctioned is an extremely controversial topic in anthropology. Some anthropologists argue that cannibalism has been almost non-existent and view claims of cannibalism with extreme skepticism, while others argue that the pr ...

Including:

• Cannibalism - Non-human cannibalism
• Cannibalism - Cannibalism among humans
• Cannibalism - Modern cannibalism
• Cannibalism - Historical cannibalism incidents
• Cannibalism - Cannibalism in war
• Cannibalism - 'Cannibalism' as cultural libel
• Cannibalism - Sexualized cannibalism fantasies and real
• Cannibalism - Cannibal themes in myth religion or arts
• Cannibalism - Cannibalism as sympathetic magic
• Cannibalism - Cannibalism as a funeral rite
• Cannibalism - Cannibalism in popular culture
• Cannibalism - Other uses of the word

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August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. August 2 - Events. 338 BC - Rise of Macedon: Philip II of Macedon crushes Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea. 216 BC - Punic Wars: In the Battle of Cannae, Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the great masterpieces of the tactical art. 461 - Majorian resig ...

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• August 2 - Events
• August 2 - Births
• August 2 - Deaths
• August 2 - Holidays and observances

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August 20 is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 133 days remaining. August 20 - Events. 636 - Battle of Yarmuk: Arab forces led by Khalid bin Walid take control of Syria and Palestine away from the Byzantine Empire, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia. 917 - Battle of Anchialus: Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria invades Thrace and drives the Byzantines out. ...

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• August 20 - Events
• August 20 - Births
• August 20 - Deaths
• August 20 - Holidays and observances

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The astronomical unit (AU or au or a.u. or sometimes ua) is a unit of distance, approximately equal to the mean distance between Earth and Sun. The currently accepted value of the AU is 149 597 870 691 ± 30 metres (about 150 million kilometres or 93 million miles). The symbol "ua" is recommended by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures [1], but in the United States and other anglophone countries the reverse usage is more common. The International Astronomical Union recommends "au" [2] and in ...

Including:

• Astronomical unit - The distance
• Astronomical unit - History
• Astronomical unit - Examples

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Arnhem is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, located on the Lower Rhine, and the capital of the Gelderland province. Arnhem - History. Arnhem, first mentioned in 893 as Oppidium Arnoldi Villa had its real origins in 1233 when Otto II, count of Guelders, conferred city rights on the town, which had belonged to the abbey of Prüm, settled in and fortified it. Arnhem entered the Hanseatic League in 1443. In 1473 it was captured by Charles ...

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• Arnhem - History
• Arnhem - The Battle of Arnhem
• Arnhem - Places of interest
• Arnhem - Constructions
• Arnhem - Notable people
• Arnhem - Transport
• Arnhem - Population centres
• Arnhem - Trivia

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Archibald Armstrong (d. March, 1672), court jester, called "Archy," was a native of Scotland or of Cumberland, and according to tradition first distinguished himself as a sheep-stealer; afterwards he entered the service of James VI, with whom he became a favourite. When the king succeeded to the English throne, Archy was appointed court jester. In 1611 he was granted a pension of two shillings a day, and in 1617 he accompanied James on his visit to Scotland. His influence was considerable and he was greatly courted and flattere ...

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August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 132 days remaining. August 21 - Events. 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the de facto ruler of Japan. (Traditional Japanese date: July 12, 1192) 1680 - Pueblo Indians capture Santa Fe from Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt 1770 - James Cook formally claims eastern Australia for Great Britain, naming it New South Wales. 17 ...

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• August 21 - Events
• August 21 - Births
• August 21 - Deaths
• August 21 - Holidays and observances

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August 29 is the 241st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (242nd in leap years), with 124 days remaining. It is also the 1st day of Thoth - which is the 1st day of the Egyptian Horoscope. Thoth is the Ibis-headed god of knowledge. August 29 - Events. 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708). 1189- Ban Kulin wrote "The Charter of Kulin", which become a symbolic "birth certificate" of Bosnian stat ...

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• August 29 - Events
• August 29 - Births
• August 29 - Deaths
• August 29 - Holidays and observances
• August 29 - Fictional

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Aylesbury is the county town of Buckinghamshire in south central England. It has a population in the 2001 census of 65,173 and is part of the London commuter belt. Aylesbury - History. The town name is Anglo-Saxon though excavations in the town centre in the early 1990s found an Iron Age hillfort dating from around 650BC. The town is sited on an outcrop of Portlandian limestone which accounts for its prominent position in the surrounding landscape, which is largely clay. Aylesbury was ...

Including:

• Aylesbury - History
• Aylesbury - Modern Aylesbury
• Aylesbury - Administration
• Aylesbury - Trade and industry
• Aylesbury - Geography

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The Danish West Indies (DWI, Dansk Vest Indien) are a former colony of Denmark in the Caribbean, now known as the U.S. Virgin Islands. Jomfruøerne ("Virgin Islands") was the Danish geographic name for the Virgin Islands. The Danish West India and Guinea Company settled on St. Thomas island first in 1672, expanding to St. John in 1683 (a move disputed with the British until 1718), and purchasing St. Croix from the French West Indies Company in 1733. In 1754, the islands were ...

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• Danish West Indies - Postage stamps
• Danish West Indies - External link

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Abu Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (Persian: ابو مظفر محی الدین محمد اورنگزیب عالمگیر) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), usually known as Aurangzeb, but also sometimes as Alamgir I, was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1658 until 1707. He was and is a very controversial figure in Indian history. Unlike his predecessors, Aurangzeb led a remarkably austere and pious life. Strict adherence to Islam and Sharia (Islamic law)—as he interpreted them—were ...

Including:

• Aurangzeb - Rise to throne
• Aurangzeb - Early life
• Aurangzeb - War of succession
• Aurangzeb - Aurangzeb's Reign
• Aurangzeb - Enforcement of Islamic law
• Aurangzeb - Expansion of the empire
• Aurangzeb - Conversion of non-Muslims
• Aurangzeb - Hindu temple desecration
• Aurangzeb - Impact of Aurangzeb's reign
• Aurangzeb - Hindu rebellion
• Aurangzeb - The Deccan wars and the rise of the Marathas
• Aurangzeb - Defiance of the Sikhs and the rise of the Khalsa
• Aurangzeb - Legacy
• Aurangzeb - Commentary by recent historians
• Aurangzeb - Wolpert
• Aurangzeb - Manas Group UCLA

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August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. There are 94 days in North Hemisphere summer, South Hemisphere winter. The Northern Hemisphere is considered to be halfway through the summer on August 7. August 7 - Events. 1679 - The brigantine Le Griffon, commissioned by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Gre ...

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• August 7 - Events
• August 7 - Births
• August 7 - Deaths
• August 7 - Holidays and observances

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April 29 is the 119th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (120th in leap years). There are 246 days remaining. April 29 - Events. 1429 - Battle of Orléans: French troops led by Joan of Arc lifted the English siege of Orléans, a turning point in the Hundred Years' War. 1672 - Franco-Dutch War: Louis XIV of France invades the Netherlands. 1770 - James Cook arrives at and names Botany Bay, Australia. 1854 - The Ashmun Institute is official ...

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• April 29 - Events
• April 29 - Births
• April 29 - Deaths
• April 29 - Holidays and observances
• April 29 - Other

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Antoine Augustin Calmet (1672-1757), French Benedictine, was born at Ménil-la-Horgne, near Commercy, Lorraine, France on the 26th of February 1672. He was educated at the Benedictine priory of Breuil, and in 1688 joined the same order in the Abbey of St-Mansuy at Toul, where he was admitted to profession 23 Oct. of the following year. After his ordination, March 17, 1696, he was appointed to teach philosophy and theology at the Abbey of Moyen-Moutier. Here with the help of his brethren he began to gather the material for his commentary of the Bible, which he completed at Münster in Alsace whe ...

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's-Hertogenbosch (literally "The Duke's Wood" in Dutch; translated in French as Bois-le-Duc), unofficially also called Den Bosch, is a municipality in the Netherlands, the capital of the province of North Brabant. It is located in the south of the Netherlands, some 80 km south of Amsterdam. 's-Hertogenbosch - Population centres. Bokhoven, Crevecoeur, Deuteren (former village), Dieskant, Empel, Engelen, Gewande, 's-Hertogenbosch, Hintham, Kruisstraat, Maliskamp, Meerwijk, Orthen (former ...

Including:

• 's-Hertogenbosch - Population centres
• 's-Hertogenbosch - The city of 's-Hertogenbosch
• 's-Hertogenbosch - History
• 's-Hertogenbosch - Places of interest
• 's-Hertogenbosch - Contemporary 's-Hertogenbosch
• 's-Hertogenbosch - WWII concentration camp

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1614 - Births. January 1 - John Wilkins, English clergyman (d. 1672) January 5 - Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (d. 1662) July 10 - Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey, English royalist statesman (d. 1686) December 16 - Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1674 1614 - Month/day unknown. Franciscus Sylvius, German scientist who first distilled beverage alcohol (d. 1672) ...

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• 1614 - Events
• 1614 - Births
• 1614 - Month/day unknown
• 1614 - Deaths

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Click image for description Venus, the second planet from the Sun, is named after the Roman goddess Venus. A terrestrial planet, it is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet", as the two are very similar in size and bulk composition. Although all planets' orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less than 1%. As Venus is closer to the Sun than the Earth, it always appears in roughly the same direction from Earth as the Sun (the greatest e ...

Including:

• Venus - Physical characteristics
• Venus - Atmosphere
• Venus - Surface features
• Venus - Venus' moon
• Venus - Aspects
• Venus - Observations and explorations of Venus
• Venus - Lowest distances to earth
• Venus - Cultural references

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For the Boston area punk band see Siege (band). For the James Mason book see Siege (book) A siege is a prolonged military blockade and assault of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition. A siege occurs when an attacker encounters a city or fortress that refuses to surrender and cannot be easily taken by a frontal assault. Sieges usually involve surrounding the target and blocking the provision of supplies, typically coupled with siege engines, artillery bombardment or sapping (als ...

Including:

• Siege - Ancient and medieval siege warfare
• Siege - Mongol siege warfare
• Siege - Sieges in the age of gunpowder
• Siege - Emerging theories on improving fortifications
• Siege - New styles of fortresses employed
• Siege - Marshal Vauban
• Siege - Advent of mobile warfare
• Siege - Modern warfare
• Siege - Recent sieges
• Siege - Police actions
• Siege - Bibliography
• Siege - Notes

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