1661 - Events. January 6 - The fifth monarchy men unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London. George Monck's regiment defeats them February 5 - The Shunzhi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty of China dies and is succeeded by his son the Kangxi Emperor. February 14 - George Monck’s regiment becomes The Lord General's Regiment of Foot Guards (which later becomes Coldstream Guards) April 23 - King Charles II of England, Scotland, Ireland crowned in Westminster ...

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• 1661 - Events
• 1661 - Births
• 1661 - Deaths

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The Guru occupies a strategic relevance in the Sikh society, as the guidance of the Guru towards the attainment of Moksha -release - is absolutely essential. He is only a shade lighter rather than the supremacy of the Almighty. Here is a brief description of the ten gurus of Sikhism.

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1603 - Events. March 24 - Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James I of England, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England April 28 – Funeral of Elizabeth I of England in Westminster Abbey June 29 - Original Globe Theatre burns July 17 or July 19 - Sir Walter Raleigh arrested for treason. July 25 - Coronation of James I of England. By some criteria this was the start of the modern Great Britain November 17 - Sir Walter Raleigh goes ...

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• 1603 - Events
• 1603 - Births
• 1603 - Deaths

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The majority of Jiangsu residents are ethnic Han Chinese. Other minorities include the Hui and the Manchus. Demographic indicators in 2000: Population: 74.058 million (urban: 34.637 million; rural: 39.421 million) (2003) Birth rate: 9.04 per 1000 (2003) Death rate: 7.03 per 1000 (2003) Sex ratio: 102.55 males per 100 females Average family size: 3.25 Han Chinese proport ...

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Jiangsu, Jiangsu - History, Jiangsu - Geography, Jiangsu - Administrative divisions, Jiangsu - Economy, Jiangsu - Demographics, Jiangsu - Culture, Jiangsu - Famous people, Jiangsu - Tourism, Jiangsu - Miscellaneous topics, Jiangsu - Sports, Jiangsu - Colleges and Universities

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Charles was moved to Hurst Castle at the end of 1648, and thereafter to Windsor Castle. In January 1649, the House of Commons—without the assent of either the Sovereign or the House of Lords—passed an Act of Parliament creating a court for Charles's trial. The idea was a novel one; previous monarchs had been deposed, but had never been brought to trial as monarchs. The High Court of Justice established by the Act consisted of 135 Commissioners (all firm Parliamentaria ...

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Charles I of England, Charles I of England - Early life, Charles I of England - Early reign, Charles I of England - The Personal Rule, Charles I of England - Religious conflicts, Charles I of England - Short and Long Parliaments, Charles I of England - Civil war, Charles I of England - Trial and execution, Charles I of England - Legacy, Charles I of England - Style and arms, Charles I of England - Issue, Charles I of England - In modern culture

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1630s 1640s 1650s - 1660s - 1670s 1680s 1690s 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1660s - Events and Trends. Samuel Pepys begins his famous diary in 1660 and ends it, due to failing eyesight in 1669. The Great Plague 1665 in England. It is considered an outbreak of bubonic plague. The Great Fire of London 1666. Most of the City of London is destroyed. However, many of the rats considered responsible for the Great Plague are burned and the epidem ...

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• 1660s - Events and Trends
• 1660s - World Leaders

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Decapitation - Biblical. Goliath John the Baptist in the Gospels Holofernes in the deuterocanonical Book of Judith Apostle James, traditionally Apostle Paul, traditionally Decapitation - Celtic Saints. Saint Winefred of Flintshire in Wales. Saint Urith of Chittlehampton, Devon, England. Saint Columba of Spain. Saint Columba ...

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Decapitation, Decapitation - Decapitation throughout history, Decapitation - Decapitation in the modern world, Decapitation - Some famous persons who have been beheaded, Decapitation - Biblical, Decapitation - Celtic Saints, Decapitation - Islamic, Decapitation - China, Decapitation - England, Decapitation - French Revolution, Decapitation - Italy, Decapitation - Mythological, Decapitation - Scotland, Decapitation - Nazi Germany, Decapitation - Modern era, Decapitation - Other meanings of the word

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Pepper has been used as a spice in India since prehistoric times. It was probably first cultivated on the Malabar coast of India, in what is now the state of Kerala. The ancient history of black pepper is often interlinked with (and confused with) that of long pepper, the dried fruit of closely related Piper longum. The Romans knew of both and often referred to either as just "piper". In fact, it was not until the discovery of the New World and of chile peppers that the popularity of long pepper entirely declined. Chile peppers ...

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Black pepper, Black pepper - Varieties of pepper, Black pepper - The pepper plant, Black pepper - History, Black pepper - Ancient times, Black pepper - Postclassical Europe, Black pepper - China, Black pepper - Pepper as a medicine, Black pepper - Flavour, Black pepper - World trade, Black pepper - Notes

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Prince-bishoprics were most common in the feudally fragmentarised Holy Roman Empire, where many were formally awarded the rank of Reichsfürst ("Prince of the Empire"), granting representation in the Reikstag. They were finally dissolved in most countries by Napoleon Bonaparte, with the downfall of the old Empire and Holy Roman Emperor in 1806. However there were countries outside of French control, such as Austria and Prussia where the institution continued, as well as revivals of prince-bishoprics. < ...

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Prince-Bishop, Prince-Bishop - Holy Roman Empire, Prince-Bishop - In present Germany, Prince-Bishop - In Austria and Switzerland, Prince-Bishop - In present Italy, Prince-Bishop - In the Baltic, Prince-Bishop - In the Low Countries, Prince-Bishop - Elsewhere, Prince-Bishop - Other Habsburg - and/or former Ottoman territories, Prince-Bishop - England, Prince-Bishop - Special cases

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Early missions in Japan resulted in the government granting the Jesuits the feudal fiefdom of Nagasaki in 1580. This was removed in 1587, however, due to fears over their growing influence. Francis Xavier arrived in Goa, in Western India in 1541 to consider evangelical service in the Indies. He passed away after a decade of evangelism in Southern India. Under Portuguese royal patronage, the order thrived in Goa and until 1759 successfully expanded its activities to education and healthcare. On 17 December 1760, Marquis of Pombal, Secretary of Stat ...

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Society of Jesus, Society of Jesus - Foundation, Society of Jesus - The name Jesuit, Society of Jesus - Early works, Society of Jesus - Expansion, Society of Jesus - Suppression and Restoration, Society of Jesus - Jesuits today, Society of Jesus - Controversies, Society of Jesus - Famous Jesuits, Society of Jesus - Jesuit institutions, Society of Jesus - Jesuit buildings

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List of Hispanics - Architects. Luis Barragán (1902–1988), 1980 Pritzker Prize Laureate. Ricardo Bofill (b. 1939), one of the main representatives of postmodern architecture. Santiago Calatrava (b. 1951), 2005 AIA Gold Medal Laureate. Antoni Gaudí (1852–1926), known for his unfinished masterwork La Sagrada Familia. Ricardo Legorreta (b. 1931) Enric Miralles (1955–2000), built the Scottish Parliament ( ...

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List of Hispanics, List of Hispanics - Actors, List of Hispanics - Artists, List of Hispanics - Architects, List of Hispanics - Explorers, List of Hispanics - Film directors, List of Hispanics - Leaders and politicians, List of Hispanics - Literature, List of Hispanics - A–D, List of Hispanics - E–H, List of Hispanics - I–L, List of Hispanics - M–P, List of Hispanics - Q–T, List of Hispanics - U–Z, List of Hispanics - Military, List of Hispanics - Musicians, List of Hispanics - Classical, List of Hispanics - Singers, List of Hispanics - Philosophers and humanists, List of Hispanics - Science and technology, List of Hispanics - Social scientists, List of Hispanics - Sports, List of Hispanics - Others, List of Hispanics - Lists by nationality

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Huguenot predecessors included the pro-reform and Gallican Roman Catholics, like Jacques Lefevre. Later, Huguenots followed the Lutheran movement, and finally, Calvinism. They shared John Calvin's fierce reformation beliefs which decried the priesthood, sacraments and doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church. They believed in salvation as an act of God as much as in creation as an act of God, and thus that only God's predestined mercy toward the elect made them fit for salvation. Some see this dual emphasis on creation and on salvation, and God's sovereignty over both, as a cornerstone principle for Huguenot developments in ar ...

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Huguenot, Huguenot - Origin of the name, Huguenot - Religious beliefs, Huguenot - Wars of Religion, Huguenot - Flight, Huguenot - External link

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The Japanese calendars prior to 1873 were derived from the Chinese. Japan adopted the Chinese calendar in 645. To convert a Japanese year to a Western year, find the first year of the nengō (=era name, see list below). When found, subtract 1, and add the number of the Japanese year. For example, the 23rd year of the Showa Era (Showa 23) would be 1948 ... 1926 − 1 = 1925, then 1925 + 23 = 1948. 645 大化 Taika 650 白雉 Hakuchi (era) 686 朱鳥 Shuchō 701 ...

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Japanese era name, Japanese era name - Overview, Japanese era name - Historical nengō, Japanese era name - Nengō in Modern Japan, Japanese era name - Conversion table from nengō to Gregorian calendar years, Japanese era name - Unofficial nengō system 私年号

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When the Lê emperor Lê Long Đĩnh died in his twenties, a court general named Lý Công Uẩn took the chance to take over the throne and founded the Lý dynasty. This event is regarded as the beginning of a golden era in Vietnamese history, with great dynasties following one another. Lý Công Uẩn (commonly called Lý Thái Tổ - Lý the Founding Emperor) changed the country's name to Đại Việt, established the capital in present-day Hanoi and called it Thăng Long (Ascending Dragon) under the pretext of seeing a dragon when he wa ...

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History of Vietnam, History of Vietnam - Origins, History of Vietnam - Early Independence, History of Vietnam - Dynastic Period, History of Vietnam - The Changing Names, History of Vietnam - Colonization, History of Vietnam - Post World War II Period, History of Vietnam - Aftermath of the Vietnam War and Reunification, History of Vietnam - Cambodia and the Sino-Vietnamese War, History of Vietnam - 1980s, History of Vietnam - Reforms

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A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. The word Sikh is derived from its Sanskrit root 'śiṣya' (शिष्य) which means "disciple" or "learner", or from the Pāli word 'sikkhā' (सिक्खा). In the Punjabi language the word Sikh also means humble follower. So a Sikh is a disciple of the Ten Gurus and a follower of the teachings in Sikhism's holy scriptures who they regard as a living guru, the Guru Granth Sahib. Most Sikhs are of Punjabi background and live in the state of Punjab, India, but the Sikh community stretches out to over ...

See also:

Sikhism, Sikhism - History of Sikhism, Sikhism - The Gurus of Sikhism, Sikhism - The Ten Gurus of Sikhism, Sikhism - The Guru Granth Sahib, Sikhism - Sikh religious philosophy, Sikhism - Primary beliefs and principles, Sikhism - Underlying values, Sikhism - Prohibited behavior, Sikhism - Technique and methods, Sikhism - Other observations, Sikhism - Observations, Sikhism - All welcomed, Sikhism - Followers of Sikhism, Sikhism - The Five Ks, Sikhism - Sikhs around the world, Sikhism - Sikhs and Punjabis, Sikhism - The Khalsa, Sikhism - Khalistan

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The British governor William Hornby launched the Hornby Vellard project to connect the islands for a sum of Rs 1 lakh (100,000). An approval for the reclamation was sought from the directors of the East India Company in England and Hornby expected it to be approved and proceeded on with the reclamation without official permission. In 1772 the second reclamation took place to fill in the shallows between the islands of Parel, Worli, Bombay, Mahim and Mazagaon by building a bund to prevent ...

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History of Mumbai, History of Mumbai - Ancient times, History of Mumbai - Portuguese era, History of Mumbai - British East India, History of Mumbai - Parsi arrivals, History of Mumbai - Bombay Castle, History of Mumbai - Reclamations, History of Mumbai - Hornby Vellard, History of Mumbai - Other causeways, History of Mumbai - Early 1800s

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Vietnam's third constitution, based on that of the USSR, was written in 1980. Through the 1980s, Vietnam received nearly $3 billion a year in economic and military aid from the Soviet Union and conducted most of its trade with the USSR and other Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) countries. ...

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History of Vietnam, History of Vietnam - Origins, History of Vietnam - Early Independence, History of Vietnam - Dynastic Period, History of Vietnam - The Changing Names, History of Vietnam - Colonization, History of Vietnam - Post World War II Period, History of Vietnam - Aftermath of the Vietnam War and Reunification, History of Vietnam - Cambodia and the Sino-Vietnamese War, History of Vietnam - 1980s, History of Vietnam - Reforms

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From 1580 to 1640, the throne of Portugal was held by the Habsburg kings of Spain resulting in the biggest colonial empire until then (see Iberian Union). In 1583 Philip II of Spain as king of Portugal sent his combined Iberian fleet to clear the French traders from the Azores, decisively hanging his prisoners-of-war from the yardarms and contributing to the "Black Legend". The Azores were the last part of Portugal to resist Philip's reign over Portugal. In the Americas, the Portuguese expansion continue beyond the west side by the To ...

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Portuguese Empire, Portuguese Empire - The beginnings of the empire 1415-1580, Portuguese Empire - The Habsburg kings 1580-1640, Portuguese Empire - The Empire of Brazil 1640-1822, Portuguese Empire - The African Empire 1822-1945, Portuguese Empire - Decline and Fall 1945-1999, Portuguese Empire - Territories of the Portuguese empire, Portuguese Empire - in Africa, Portuguese Empire - in the Americas & North Atlantic, Portuguese Empire - in Asia

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List of Spaniards - Classical. Isaac Albéniz (1860–1909), composer. Pau Casals (1876–1973), cello player and conductor. Manuel de Falla (1876–1946), composer. Rafael Frühbeck de Burgos (b. 1933), conductor. Enrique Granados (1867–1916), composer. Alicia de Larrocha (b. 1923), pianist. Luis de Pablo (b. 1930), composer. Joaquín Rodrigo (1901–1999), composer and pianist, known fo ...

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List of Spaniards, List of Spaniards - Actors, List of Spaniards - Artists, List of Spaniards - Architects, List of Spaniards - Explorers and conquistadores, List of Spaniards - Film directors, List of Spaniards - Leaders and politicians, List of Spaniards - Ancient, List of Spaniards - Medieval, List of Spaniards - Modern, List of Spaniards - Contemporary, List of Spaniards - Literature, List of Spaniards - A–D, List of Spaniards - E–H, List of Spaniards - I–L, List of Spaniards - M–P, List of Spaniards - Q–T, List of Spaniards - U–Z, List of Spaniards - Military, List of Spaniards - Musicians, List of Spaniards - Classical, List of Spaniards - Singers, List of Spaniards - Philosophers and humanists, List of Spaniards - Science and technology, List of Spaniards - Social scientists, List of Spaniards - Sports, List of Spaniards - Others

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As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there are 2,465,326 people, 880,727 households, and 583,922 families residing in the County. The population density is 13,480/km² (34,920/mi²). There are 930,866 housing units at an average density of 5,090/km² (13,180/mi²). The racial makeup of the County is 41.20% White, 36.44% Black or African American, 0.41% Native American, 7.54% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 10.08% from other races, and 4.27% from two or more races. 19.79% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. 34.7% of the popul ...

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Brooklyn, Brooklyn - Geography, Brooklyn - History, Brooklyn - Six Dutch towns, Brooklyn - Toward a united City of Brooklyn, Brooklyn - Brooklyn as New York borough, Brooklyn - Neighborhoods of Brooklyn, Brooklyn - Demographics, Brooklyn - Law government and politics, Brooklyn - Sports and recreation, Brooklyn - Baseball, Brooklyn - Hockey, Brooklyn - Football, Brooklyn - Basketball, Brooklyn - Brooklyn in Art and Literature, Brooklyn - Symbols and nicknames, Brooklyn - Brooklyn sites and institutions

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