1654 - Events. April 5 - Signing of the Treaty of Westminster, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War. June 3 - Louis XIV of France crowned at Rheims June 6 - Charles X succedes his cousin Christina to the Swedish throne. After her abdication on June 5, Christina now the former reigning queen of a Protestant nation, secretly converts to Catholicism. September 3 - In the Rump Parliament, the republican party questions Cromwell's pre-eminence September 12 - Oliver Cromwell orders ...

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1654 - Events 1654 - Births 1654 - Deaths

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Including:

Kabbalah - Origin of Jewish mysticism Kabbalah - Mystic doctrines in Talmudic times Kabbalah - Kabbalah of the early Middle Ages Kabbalah - Lurianic Kabbalah in the Middle Ages Kabbalah - Kabbalah of the Sefardim and Mizrahim Kabbalah - Kabbalah of the Maharal Kabbalah - The failure of Sabbatian mysticism Kabbalah - Spread of Kabbalah during the 1700s Kabbalah - The modern world Kabbalah - Primary texts Kabbalah - Theodicy: explanation for the existence of evil Kabbalah - Kabbalistic understanding of God
Kabbalah - Sefirot Kabbalah - A Greek Orthodox theological view
Kabbalah - The human soul in Kabbalah Kabbalah - Foretelling the future Kabbalah - Practical applications Kabbalah - Textual antiquity of esoteric mysticism Kabbalah - Gnosticism and Kabbalah Kabbalah - Criticisms
Kabbalah - Dualism
Kabbalah - Debate about Kabbalah in Judaism
Kabbalah - Early critiques Kabbalah - Within Conservative and Reform Judaism Kabbalah - Kabbalah Centre
Kabbalah - Kabbalah in non-Jewish society
Kabbalah - Hermetic Kabbalah Kabbalah - Fictional representations Kabbalah - Kabbalah personalities
Kabbalah - Footnotes

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The Cape Malay community is an ethnic group or community in South Africa, taking its name from what is now known as the Western Cape of South Africa and the Malay people who started this community in South Africa. The community's earliest members were slaves brought by the Dutch East India Company, followed shortly thereafter by political dissidents and Muslim religious leaders who opposed the Dutch presence in what is now Indonesia. Starting in 1654, these resistors were imprisoned or exiled in South Africa by the Dutch East India Co ...

Including:

Cape Malays - Terminology Cape Malays - Culture Cape Malays - Population and location

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Blaise Pascal - Religious conversion. Biographically, we can say that two basic influences led him to his conversion: sickness and Jansenism. As early as his eighteenth year he suffered from a nervous ailment that left him hardly a day without pain. In 1647 a paralytic attack so disabled him that he could not move without crutches. His head ached, his bowels burned, his legs and feet were continually cold, and required wearisome aids to circulation of the blood; he wore stockings steeped in brandy to warm his fee ...

See also:

Blaise Pascal, Blaise Pascal - Early life and education, Blaise Pascal - Contributions to mathematics, Blaise Pascal - Philosophy of mathematics, Blaise Pascal - Contributions to the physical sciences, Blaise Pascal - Mature life, religion, philosophy, and literature, Blaise Pascal - Religious conversion, Blaise Pascal - Upon brink of death, Blaise Pascal - The Provincial Letters, Blaise Pascal - Miracle, Blaise Pascal - The Pensées, Blaise Pascal - Last works and death, Blaise Pascal - Legacy, Blaise Pascal - Works, Blaise Pascal - Notes

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April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). There are 255 days remaining. April 20 - Events. 1653 - Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament. 1657 - Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City) granted freedom of religion. 1689 - The former King James II of England, now deposed, lays siege to Derry. 1770 - Lieutenant James Cook's expedition (first voyage) makes first sighting of eastern Australian ...

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April 20 - Events April 20 - Births April 20 - Deaths April 20 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » April 20: Encyclopedia - April 20

April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). There are 270 days remaining. April 5 - Events. 33 - (traditional date) Resurrection of Jesus, according to the Christian gospels. (date est. by Sir Isaac Newton) 1242 - During a battle on the ice of Chudskoye Lake, Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. 1614 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. < ...

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April 5 - Events April 5 - Births April 5 - Deaths April 5 - Holidays and observances

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Antonio Vieira (February 6, 1608 - 1697), Portuguese Jesuit and writer, the "prince of Catholic pulpit-orators of his time," was born in Lisbon. Accompanying his parents to Brazil in 1615 he received his education at the Jesuit college at Bahia. He entered the Jesuit novitiate in 1625, and two years later pronounced his first vows. At the age of eighteen he was teaching rhetoric, and a little later dogmatic theology, at the college of Olinda, ...

Including:

Antonio Vieira - WebLinks

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Anton[1] van Leeuwenhoek (October 24, 1632 - August 30, 1723, full name Thonius Philips van Leeuwenhoek (pronounced 'Layewenhook') was a tradesman and scientist from Delft, Netherlands. He was known as "the Father of Microbiology". Born the son of a basket maker, at age 16 he secured an apprenticeship with a Scottish cloth merchant in Amsterdam. He is best known for his contribution to the improvement of the microscope and for his contr ...

Including:

Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Early involvement with the microscope Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Eventual recognition by the English Royal Society Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Possible Vermeer connection Anton van Leeuwenhoek - Notes

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2 Population sans doubles comptes, i.e. not counting those people already counted in another commune (such as students and military personal). Angoulême is a town and commune in southwestern France, préfecture (capital city) of the Charente département. Angoulême - History. Angoulême (Iculisma) was taken by Clovis from the Visigoths in 507, and plundered by the Normans in the 9th century. In 1360 it was surrendered by the Treaty of Brétigny ...

Including:

Angoulême - History Angoulême - Geography Angoulême - Sights Angoulême - Economy Angoulême - Transportation Angoulême - Miscellaneous
Angoulême - Births Angoulême - Twin towns

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Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll and 8th Earl of Argyll (1607 - 27 May 1661) was the de facto head of government in Scotland during most of the Scottish Civil War (which was part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms). He was eldest son of Archibald, 7th Earl, by his first wife, was educated at St Andrews University, where he matriculated on 15 January 1622. He had early in life, as Lord Lorne, been entrusted with the possession of the Argyll estates when his father renounced Protestantism and took arms for Philip ...

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August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. August 15 - Events. 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, in which Roland is killed 927 - The Saracens conquered and destroyed Taranto 1057 - King MacBeth of Scotland is killed during the Battle of Lumphanan by the forces of King Malcolm III. 1185 - The cave city of Vardzia was consecrated by Queen Tamar of Georgia 1309 - The city of Rhodes ...

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August 15 - Events August 15 - Births August 15 - Deaths August 15 - Holidays and observances

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William "Captain" Kidd [born January 22, 1654 – May 23, 1701] is often remembered in infamy as a cruel, bloody pirate. Indeed, he, along with his crew, has been accused of every crime in pirate history by popular tradition. He achieved perhaps more fame in song, story, and legend than any other pirate to sail the seven seas. However, historical record calls this characterization into question. It is more likely that Kidd earned his reputation through circumstance and did not consider himself to even be a pirate. Willia ...

Including:

William Kidd - Early life and career William Kidd - Preparing his expedition William Kidd - Hunting for pirates William Kidd - Turning pirate William Kidd - Trial William Kidd - Mythology and legend William Kidd - Films

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The Hetmanate was a semiautonomous Cossack suzerainty in Left-bank Ukraine, owing fealty to the tsar of Muscovy. It was established as a result of the Treaty of Pereyaslav (Pereyaslavs'ka Rada) in 1654, and its boundaries set following the Treaty of Andrusovo (Andrusiv) of 1667, which gave Right-bank Ukraine to Poland and retained Left-bank Ukraine for Russia (at the time Muscovy). The Hetmanate's first hetman was Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Its capital was at Chyhyryn, and later at Baturyn and Hlukhiv. ...

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August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 136 days remaining. August 17 - Events. 1427 - First band of gypsies visits Paris, according to an account of the citizen of Paris 1807 - Robert Fulton's first American steamboat leaves New York City for Albany, New York on the Hudson River, inaugurating the first commercial steamboat service in the world. 1850 - Argentine's War of Independence hero, Genera ...

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August 17 - Events August 17 - Births August 17 - Deaths

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The Anglo-Dutch Wars (Dutch: Engels-Nederlandse Oorlogen) were fought in the 17th and 18th centuries between Britain and the United Provinces for control over the seas and trade routes. They are known as the Dutch Wars in England and as the English Wars in the Netherlands. Anglo-Dutch Wars - Background. The collapse of Spanish power at the end of the Thirty Years' War in 1648 meant that the colonial possessions of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires were effectively up for ...

Including:

Anglo-Dutch Wars - Background Anglo-Dutch Wars - The first war 1652-1654 Anglo-Dutch Wars - The second war 1665-1667 Anglo-Dutch Wars - The third war 1672-1674 Anglo-Dutch Wars - The fourth war 1780-1784 Anglo-Dutch Wars - Later wars

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Adam Olearius (born Adam Oehlschlaeger) (1603-1671), German scholar, mathematician, geographer and librarian. He became secretary to the ambassador sent by the duke of Holstein-Gottorp to the Shah of Persia, and published two books about the events and observations during his travels. Adam Olearius - Travels. He was born at Aschersleben, near Magdeburg. After studying at Leipzig he became librarian and court mathematician to Duke Frederick III of Holstein-Gottorp, and in 1633 he was appointed secreta ...

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Adam Olearius - Travels Adam Olearius - Books

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History of Christianity Jesus of Nazareth The Apostles Ecumenical councils Great Schism The Crusades Reformation The Trinity God the Father Christ the Son The Holy Spirit The Bible Old Testament New Testament Apocrypha The Gospels Ten Commandments Sermon on the Mount Christian theology Salvation · Grace Christian worship Christian Church Catholicism Orthodox Christianity Protestantism Christian deno ...

Including:

Religious Society of Friends - Beliefs and practices of Friends
Religious Society of Friends - Experiencing God Religious Society of Friends - Mysticism Religious Society of Friends - The Bible Religious Society of Friends - Creeds Religious Society of Friends - Sacraments Religious Society of Friends - Plainness Religious Society of Friends - Egalitarianism Religious Society of Friends - Oaths and fair-dealing Religious Society of Friends - Quaker terminology
Religious Society of Friends - Quaker worship
Religious Society of Friends - Unprogrammed worship Religious Society of Friends - Programmed worship Religious Society of Friends - Quaker weddings Religious Society of Friends - Decision making among Friends Religious Society of Friends - Memorial services
Religious Society of Friends - Basic divisions and organization
Religious Society of Friends - In Great Britain Religious Society of Friends - In the United States
Religious Society of Friends - Names Religious Society of Friends - History Religious Society of Friends - Testimonies
Religious Society of Friends - The Peace Testimony Religious Society of Friends - The Testimony of Equality Religious Society of Friends - The Testimony of Integrity Religious Society of Friends - The Testimony of Simplicity
Religious Society of Friends - Quaker organizations Religious Society of Friends - Recommended reading

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See also Religion in the United States The religious history of the United States is a complex narrative that begins more than a century before the former British colonies became the United States of America in 1776. Many of the original settlers were men and women of deep religious convictions. That the religious intensity of the original settlers would diminish to some extent over time was perhaps to be expected, but new waves of eighteenth century immigrants brought their own religiou ...

Including:

Religious history of the United States - America as a Religious Refuge: The Seventeenth Century
Religious history of the United States - European Persecution Religious history of the United States - The Puritans Religious history of the United States - Bible commonwealths Religious history of the United States - Persecution in America Religious history of the United States - Jewish refuge in America Religious history of the United States - The Quakers Religious history of the United States - Pennsylvania Germans Religious history of the United States - Roman Catholics in Maryland Religious history of the United States - Virginia and the Church of England
Religious history of the United States - Religion in Eighteenth-Century America
Religious history of the United States - 18th Century Churches
Religious history of the United States - Religion and the American Revolution
Religious history of the United States - American Anglicans
Religious history of the United States - Religion and the Congress of the Confederation Religious history of the United States - Religion and state governments
Religious history of the United States - Nursing Fathers Religious history of the United States - Church and state debate: Massachusetts Religious history of the United States - Church and state debate: Virginia
Religious history of the United States - Religion and the federal government
Religious history of the United States - Religion and the Constitution Religious history of the United States - Religion in the Bill of Rights Religious history of the United States - Early presidential support for religion Religious history of the United States - The state becomes the church
Religious history of the United States - Religion and the New Republic
Religious history of the United States - The camp meeting Religious history of the United States - Emergence of African American churches Religious history of the United States - Mormonism Religious history of the United States - Benevolent societies
Religious history of the United States - External link

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Horse racing in the United Kingdom is generally of three types, and is a major contributor to the UK economy. Horse racing can be over fences or over hurdles, known as National Hunt racing, or unobstructed distances races, known as flat racing. Additionally there is another form of racing which is run on an altogether more informal and ad hoc basis, known as point to point racing. Point to point is a form of steeplechasing for amateur riders. It, like professional racing, is nevertheless run under the auspices of the regulator for horse-racing in the U ...

Including:

Horseracing in the United Kingdom - History Horseracing in the United Kingdom - Key data Horseracing in the United Kingdom - Racecourses Horseracing in the United Kingdom - Meetings

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Tyburn was a former village in the county of Middlesex which now forms part of London's City of Westminster. It took its name from the Tyburn or Ty Bourne stream, a tributary of the River Thames which is now completely covered over between its source and its outfall into the Thames at Vauxhall. The village was one of two manors of the parish of St Marylebone, which was itself named after the stream, St Marylebone being a contraction of St Mary's church by the bourne. Tyburn was recorded in the Domesday Book and st ...

Including:

Tyburn London - Some of those executed at Tyburn

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