Encyclopedia - 1642: Encyclopedia - 1642
1642 - Events. January 4 - Charles I attempts to arrest five leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. Beginning of Eng...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Armand Jean Du Plessis Cardinal Richelieu: Encyclopedia - Armand Jean Du Plessis Cardinal Richelieu
Armand Jean Du Plessis, Cardinal et Duc de Richelieu (9 September 1585–4 December 1642) was a French clergyman, noble, and statesman. C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1571: Encyclopedia - 1571
1571 - Events. January 11 - Austrian nobility is granted Freedom of religion. January 23 - The Royal Exchange opens in London. Crimean...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Confederate Ireland: Encyclopedia Ii - Confederate Ireland - Rebellion And The Formation Of The Confederation
this is a political history, for a military history of this time, see Irish Confederate Wars The Catholic Confederation was formed in the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Épernay: Encyclopedia - Épernay
Épernay is a town and commune of northern France. Population (1999): 25,844. Épernay - Administration. Épernay is a sous-préfecture ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - April 30: Encyclopedia - April 30
April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining, as the last day in April...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Artemisia Gentileschi: Encyclopedia - Artemisia Gentileschi
Artemisia Gentileschi (July 8, 1593 - 1653) is today considered one of the most accomplished Early Baroque painters in the generation inf...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - April 15: Encyclopedia - April 15
April 15 is the 105th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (106th in leap years). There are 260 days remaining. April 15 - Events. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Aotearoa: Encyclopedia - Aotearoa
Aotearoa (pronounced: [aoˌteaˈroa] listen ▶ (help·info)) is the Māori language name for New Zealand most widely known and accepted....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Artificial Intelligence: Encyclopedia - Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as intelligence exhibited by an artificial entity. Such a system is generally assumed to be a com...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - April 26: Encyclopedia - April 26
April 26 is the 116th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (117th in leap years). There are 249 days remaining. April 26 - Events. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - August 18: Encyclopedia - August 18
August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 135 days remaining. August 18 - Events...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Barnaby Potter: Encyclopedia - Barnaby Potter
Barnaby Potter (1577–1642) was a Church of England priest, Bishop of Carlisle from 1629 to 1642. He was educated at The Queen's College...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1602: Encyclopedia - 1602
1602 - Events. 3 January - Battle of Kinsale - the battle happened on 3 January 1602 according to the Gregorian Calendar used by the I...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Battle Of Benburb: Encyclopedia - Battle Of Benburb
The Battle of Benburb took place in 1646 in the Irish Confederate Wars, the Irish theatre of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. It was fough...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shakespeare's Reputation: Encyclopedia - Shakespeare's Reputation
In his own time, William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was seen as merely one among many talented playwrights and poets, but ever since the l...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Eight Banners: Encyclopedia - Eight Banners
The Eight Banners (In Manchu: jakūn gūsa, In Chinese: 旗 baqí) were administrative divisions into which all Manchu families were plac...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anton Maria Schyrleus Of Rheita: Encyclopedia - Anton Maria Schyrleus Of Rheita
Anton (or Antonius) Maria Schyrleus (also Schyrl, Schyrle) of Rheita (1597-1660) (in Czech, Antonín Maria Sírek z Reity) was a Czech as...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - August 22: Encyclopedia - August 22
August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. August 22 - Events. 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - August 14: Encyclopedia - August 14
August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. August 14 - Events. 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Anti-intellectualism: Encyclopedia - Anti-intellectualism
Anti-intellectualism is a term that in one sense describes a hostility towards, or mistrust of, intellectuals and intellectual pursuits. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Siege: Encyclopedia - Siege
For the Boston area punk band see Siege (band). For the James Mason book see Siege (book) A siege is a prolonged military blockade and a...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sikkim: Encyclopedia - Sikkim
Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state nestled in the Himalayas. It is the least populous state in India, and the second smallest in area af...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1644: Encyclopedia - 1644
1644 - Unknown date. The opera Ormindo is first performed in Venice. Music by Francesco Cavalli and libretto by Giovanni Faustini. Kol...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - William Shakespeare: Encyclopedia - William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare (baptised April 26, 1564 – April 23, 1616) was an English poet and playwright. Shakespeare is considered by many to...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Revolution: Encyclopedia - Revolution
A revolution is a relatively sudden, and absolutely drastic change (a "complete turn-around"). This may be a change in the social or poli...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Physics: Encyclopedia - Physics
Physics (from the Greek, φυσικός (physikos), "natural", and φύσις (physis), "nature") is the science of the natural world dea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Presbyterianism: Encyclopedia - Presbyterianism
Background Christianity St. Augustine The Reformation Distinctives Calvin's Institutes Five Solas Five Points (TULIP) Regulative principl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1646: Encyclopedia - 1646
1646 - Events. The Westminster Confession of Faith 1646 - Ongoing events. Wars of the Three Kingdoms, including the English Civil ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1647: Encyclopedia - 1647
1647 - Events of the English Civil War. Castle of Aberystwyth razed to the ground by Parliamentarian troops August: Army marches to Lo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Adirondack Mountains: Encyclopedia - Adirondack Mountains
The Adirondack mountain range is a group of mountains in the northeastern part of New York that runs through Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Ha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alasdair Maccolla: Encyclopedia - Alasdair Maccolla
Alasdair MacColla (circa 1620 to 1647) was a Scottish-Irish soldier. His full name in Scottish Gaelic was Alasdair MacColla Ciotach MacDo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - December 6: Encyclopedia - December 6
December 6 is the 340th day (341st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 25 days remaining. December 6 - Event...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 2nd Millennium: Encyclopedia - 2nd Millennium
(1st millennium – 2nd millennium – 3rd millennium – other millennia) 2nd millennium - Events. European crusades in Middle East Mo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1648: Encyclopedia - 1648
1648 - Ongoing events. English Civil War (1642-1649) 1648 - Births. January 1 - Elkanah Settle, English writer (d. 1724) February ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 17th Century: Encyclopedia - 17th Century
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700 in the Gregorian calendar. 17t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Alexander Henderson Theologian: Encyclopedia - Alexander Henderson Theologian
Alexander Henderson (1583? – August 19, 1646) was a Scottish theologian. He was born at Criech, Fife, graduated at the University of St...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - James Ussher: Encyclopedia - James Ussher
James Ussher (also spelled Usher) (January 4, 1581–March 21, 1656) was AnglicanArchbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Comenius: Encyclopedia - Comenius
Jan Amos Komenský (Latinized Comenius) (March 28, 1592, in Moravia (now the Czech Republic) – November 15, 1670, Amsterdam, the Nether...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Westminster Confession Of Faith: Encyclopedia - Westminster Confession Of Faith
The Westminster Confession of Faith is a Reformed confession of faith, in the Calvinist theological tradition. Although drawn up by the 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Westminster Assembly: Encyclopedia - Westminster Assembly
The Westminster Assembly of 1643 was appointed by the Long Parliament to restructure the Church of England. The Puritan faction in Parlia...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Coke Fuel: Encyclopedia - Coke Fuel
Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. The volatile constituents of the coal (including w...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - William Lilly: Encyclopedia - William Lilly
William Lilly (May 1 (O.S.)/May 11 (N.S.), 1602 - June 9, 1681), was a famed English astrologer and occultist during his time. Lilly was ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tobacco Smoking: Encyclopedia - Tobacco Smoking
Tobacco smoking is the act of smoking tobacco products, especially cigarettes and cigars. The practice of smoking tobacco originated amon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wingfield Manor: Encyclopedia - Wingfield Manor
Wingfield Manor is a deserted (since the 1770s) house some 4 miles from the town of Alfreton in the English county of Derbyshire. It is n...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Confederate Ireland: Encyclopedia - Confederate Ireland
Confederate Ireland refers to a brief period of Irish self-government between the Rebellion of 1641 and the Cromwellian conquest of Irela...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Wars Of The Three Kingdoms: Encyclopedia - Wars Of The Three Kingdoms
The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in Scotland, Ireland, and England between 1639 and...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Dalarna: Encyclopedia - Dalarna
Dalarna ▶ (help·info) is a historical province or landskap in central Sweden. It adjoins Härjedalen, Hälsingland, Gästrikland, Väs...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Kaifeng: Encyclopedia - Kaifeng
Kaifeng (Simplified: 开封; Traditional: 開封; Hanyu Pinyin: Kāifēng; Wade-Giles: K'ai-feng), formerly known as Bianliang (汴梁), ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - United Ireland: Encyclopedia - United Ireland
A United Ireland is the common demand of Irish nationalists, envisaging that the island of Ireland (currently divided into the Republic o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Culture Of The United Kingdom: Encyclopedia - Culture Of The United Kingdom
The culture of the United Kingdom is rich and varied, and has been influential on culture on a worldwide scale. It is a European country,...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vänern: Encyclopedia - Vänern
Vänern is the largest lake in Sweden and the third largest lake in Europe, covering an area of 5,655 km². Vänern - History. Geologic...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - University Of Paris: Encyclopedia - University Of Paris
The historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 re...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Woolsthorpe Manor: Encyclopedia - Woolsthorpe Manor
Woolsthorpe Manor in Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, England, was the birthplace of Sir Isaac Newton on Decembe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles Le Brun: Encyclopedia - Charles Le Brun
Charles Le Brun (February 24, 1619 - February 22, 1690) was a French painter and art theorist, one of the dominant artists in 17th centur...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Caerphilly Castle: Encyclopedia - Caerphilly Castle
Caerphilly Castle is a Norman castle that dominates the centre of the town of Caerphilly in south Wales. It is the largest castle in Wale...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Canadian Martyrs: Encyclopedia - Canadian Martyrs
The Canadian Martyrs were eight Jesuit missionaries from Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, who were martyred in the 17th century in Canada. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Broadway New York City: Encyclopedia - Broadway New York City
Broadway, as the name implies, is a wide avenue in New York City, and is the oldest north-south main thoroughfare in the city, dating to ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - British Army: Encyclopedia - British Army
The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. In contrast to the Royal Navy, Royal Marines and Royal Air ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Jacques-bénigne Bossuet: Encyclopedia - Jacques-bénigne Bossuet
Jacques-Benigne Bossuet (September 27, 1627 - April 12, 1704) was a French bishop, theologian, and court preacher. Bossuet was one of the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bourbon: Encyclopedia - Bourbon
Bourbon may refer to: Bourbon whiskey House of Bourbon The last (family) name of French kings and queens from Henry IV until Louis XVI ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles Ii Of England: Encyclopedia - Charles Ii Of England
Charles II (29 May 1630–6 February 1685) was the King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 30 January 1649 (retrospectiv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Charles I Of England: Encyclopedia - Charles I Of England
Charles I (19 November 1600–30 January 1649) was King of Scotland, England and Ireland from 27 March 1625, until his execution. He famo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Chancellor Of The Exchequer: Encyclopedia - Chancellor Of The Exchequer
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British cabinet minister responsible for all financial matters. Often simply cal...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cavaliers: Encyclopedia - Cavaliers
Cavaliers were gentlemen supporters of the Royalist cause during the English Civil Wars (1642–1651). Their style of dress which include...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - James Cook: Encyclopedia - James Cook
James Cook (October 27, 1728 (O.S.) – February 14, 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, and map maker. He made three voyages to the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Black Rod: Encyclopedia - Black Rod
The Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, generally shortened to just Black Rod, is an official of a figure in the parliaments of a number of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bartolomé Estéban Murillo: Encyclopedia - Bartolomé Estéban Murillo
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (January 1, 1618 - April 3, 1682) was a Spanish painter from Seville. He excelled in the painting of light clo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1703: Encyclopedia - 1703
1703 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1698: Encyclopedia - 1698
1698 - Events. January 4 - Palace of Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire. June 19 - Volcano of Carguarazon erupts in the Andes an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1691: Encyclopedia - 1691
1691 - Events. March 5 - French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons March 20 - Leis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1710: Encyclopedia - 1710
1710 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1715: Encyclopedia - 1715
1715 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1585: Encyclopedia - 1585
1585 in science 1585 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the Julian ca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1727: Encyclopedia - 1727
1727 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1723: Encyclopedia - 1723
1723 in topic: Arts Architecture - Literature - Music Other topics Canada - Mexico - Science Lists of leaders: Colonial governors - State...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith: Encyclopedia - 1689 Baptist Confession Of Faith
The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith was written by Calvinistic Baptists in England to give a formal expression of the Reformed and Prote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1586: Encyclopedia - 1586
1586 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. 158...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1643: Encyclopedia - 1643
1643 - Events. January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga February 6 - Abel Tasman discovers the Fiji islands. May 19 - Battle of Rocroi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1640s: Encyclopedia - 1640s
1610s 1620s 1630s - 1640s - 1650s 1660s 1670s 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1640s - Events and Trends. The persona...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1630s: Encyclopedia - 1630s
1600s 1610s 1620s - 1630s - 1640s 1650s 1660s 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1630s - Events and Trends. Thirty Year...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - December 15: Encyclopedia - December 15
December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 16 days remaining. December 15 - Eve...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1645: Encyclopedia - 1645
1645 - Ongoing events. English Civil War (1642-1649) 1645 - Births. August 10 - Eusebio Kino, Italian Catholic missionary (d. 1711...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1587: Encyclopedia - 1587
1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. 1587 -...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1598: Encyclopedia - 1598
1598 - Events. January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I. April 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1583: Encyclopedia - 1583
1583 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. 1583 ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1582: Encyclopedia - 1582
1582 - Events. January 15 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland February 24 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calend...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1572: Encyclopedia - 1572
1572 - Events. January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Cathol...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Public House: Encyclopedia - Public House
A public house, usually known as a pub, is a drinking establishment found mainly in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Z...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1573: Encyclopedia - 1573
1573 - Events. January - articles of Warsaw Confederation signed, sanctioning religious freedom in Poland. July 6 - Córdoba, Argentin...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Robert Boyle: Encyclopedia - Robert Boyle
The Honourable Robert Boyle (January 25, 1627 - December 30, 1692) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, noted for his work in physics ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1564: Encyclopedia - 1564
1564 - Events. March 8 — Naples bans kissing in public under the penalty of death June 22 — Fort Caroline, the first French attemp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tulsidas: Encyclopedia - Tulsidas
Goswami Tulsidas (1532-1623; Hindi: तुलसीदास) was a medieval Hindi poet and philosopher. He was born in Rajpur, India in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - September 12: Encyclopedia - September 12
September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). There are 110 days remaining. September 12 - Events. 490 BC - Athens ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1575: Encyclopedia - 1575
1575 - Events. February 13 - Henry III of France is crowned at Reims February 14 - Henry III of France marries Louise de Lorraine-Vaud...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Hallucination: Encyclopedia - Hallucination
A hallucination is a sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulus, as distinct from an illusion, which is a misp...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thirty Years' War: Encyclopedia - Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was a conflict fought between the years 1618 and 1648, principally on the territory of today's Germany, but also in...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1580: Encyclopedia - 1580
1580 in science 1580 - Events. March 1 - Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. They are publishe...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - December 25: Encyclopedia - December 25
December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining. December 25 - Events. ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - October 31: Encyclopedia - October 31
October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining, as the final day of Octo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1578: Encyclopedia - 1578
1578 - Events. January 31 - Battle of Gemblours - Spanish forces under Don John of Austria and Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch. Don...   » Read the article