1620 - Deaths

1620 - Events. September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. The Mayflower Compact is signed on November 11. November 8 - The Battle of White Mountain, the first battle in the Thirty Years' War, takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours. Francis Bacon publishes the Novum Organum Two officers of the British East India Company attempt to claim ...

Including:

• 1620 - Events
• 1620 - Births
• 1620 - Deaths

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Alasdair MacColla (circa 1620 to 1647) was a Scottish-Irish soldier. His full name in Scottish Gaelic was Alasdair MacColla Ciotach MacDomhnaill (in English: Alasdair the son of Colla the Left-handed, of the clan MacDonald). He is also referred to in English as "Collkitto". He fought in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, most notably in the Scottish Civil War. He died in the battle of Knocknanauss in 1647. MacColla was born in the Western Isles of Scotland in the early seventeenth century into the Clan Donald branch of the ...

Including:

• Alasdair MacColla - Civil War in Ireland and Scotland
• Alasdair MacColla - Defeat and death

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1587 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. 1587 - Events. February 8 - Mary, Queen of Scots is beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle in England after she is implicated in a plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I. July 22 - Colony of Roanoke: A group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off of North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony. August 19 - Polish and Lithuanian noble ...

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• 1587 - Events
• 1587 - Births
• 1587 - Deaths

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A critical in-depth analysis of the differences and similarities between the New Age movement and the Vedic traditions by Henry Makow PhD

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Native Americans used tobacco before Europeans arrived in America, and early European settlers in America learned to smoke and brought the practice back to Europe, where it became hugely popular. At extremely high doses, tobacco becomes hallucinogenic; accordingly, Native Americans generally did not use the drug recreationally. Rather, it was often consumed in extraordinarily high quantities and used as an entheogen; generally, this was done only by experienced shamans or medicine men. In addition to being smoked, uncured tobacco was often e ...

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Tobacco, Tobacco - History, Tobacco - Cultivation, Tobacco - Sowing, Tobacco - Transplanting, Tobacco - Topping and suckering, Tobacco - Harvest, Tobacco - Pests, Tobacco - Curing, Tobacco - Post-cure processing, Tobacco - Types, Tobacco - Fire-cured, Tobacco - Brightleaf tobacco, Tobacco - White burley, Tobacco - Shade tobacco, Tobacco - Perique, Tobacco - Tobacco products, Tobacco - Snuff, Tobacco - Gutka, Tobacco - Creamy snuff, Tobacco - Tobacco water, Tobacco - Bibliography

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Throughout human history, records have been kept of unexplained mental events. In early writings, particularly from the Egyptians, Tibetans and Greeks, we learn about the belief that the soul was able to fly and existed as a double of the physical body. The experience of seeing one's double has recently been called autoscopy or autoscopic hallucination by the scientific community. However, the phenomenon has been known throughout history and across many cultures.

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De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (English: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Polish: O obrotach sfer niebieskich) is the seminal work on heliocentric theory and the masterpiece of the great Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus. The book set out to offer an alternative model of the universe to the Ptolemaic system. Copernicus began to write it in 1506 and finishe ...

Including:

• De revolutionibus orbium coelestium - Bibliography

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The most important sacred place of the town was the Temple of Athens. The oldest ruin preserved until today dates back to 725-700 BC The period in which the city had reached its peak was between 650-545 BC. This period lasted hundred-years and was considered to be the most powerful period of the whole Ionian civilization. Under the leadership of Miletus, colonies were established in Egypt, Syria, west coasts of Lebanon, Marmara region, Black Sea and eastern Greece competed and replaced the place of Greece proper in various fields and subjects. In this period, it is apparent that Smyrna not only dealed with agri ...

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İzmir, İzmir - Name, İzmir - History, İzmir - Homer, İzmir - From the eighth century BC, İzmir - Modern İzmir, İzmir - Climate, İzmir - İzmir International Fair, İzmir - Birds Paradise, İzmir - Cuisine of İzmir, İzmir - Festivals, İzmir - Sports, İzmir - Education, İzmir - Districts, İzmir - Reference, İzmir - Media mentioning Izmir

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Swimming was initially one of the seven agilities of knights during the Middle Ages, including swimming with armour. However, as swimming was done in a state of undress, it became less popular as society became more conservative, and it was opposed by the church at the end of the Middle Ages. For example, in the 16th century, a German court document in the Vechta prohibited the naked public swimming of ch ...

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History of swimming, History of swimming - Ancient times, History of swimming - Middle Ages to 1800, History of swimming - The Pre-Olympic Era to 1896, History of swimming - The Modern Olympic Era after 1896

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The Qing Dynasty (清朝, 1644–1911) was founded after the defeat of the Ming, the last Han Chinese dynasty, by the Manchus (滿族). The Manchus were formerly known as the Jurchen and invaded from the north in the late seventeenth century. For many decades, historians did not understand the differences between the Manchu rulers and their Chinese subjects. Even though the Manchus started out as alien conquerors, they quickly adopted the Confucian norms ...

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History of China, History of China - Prehistoric times, History of China - Ancient histories, History of China - Xia Dynasty, History of China - Shang Dynasty, History of China - Zhou Dynasty, History of China - Qin Dynasty: The first Chinese Empire, History of China - Han Dynasty: A period of prosperity, History of China - Jin the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, History of China - Sui Dynasty: Reunification, History of China - Tang Dynasty: Return to prosperity, History of China - Song Dynasty and its northern neighbors the Liao and the Jin, History of China - Mongols and the Yuan Dynasty, History of China - Ming Dynasty: Revival of Chinese culture, History of China - Qing Dynasty, History of China - The Republic of China, History of China - The Present

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The university started with four faculties (theology, philosophy, medicine and law), its establishment belongs to the second wave of german university-foundations in the late Middle Ages like the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and the University of Basel. Established by papal privilege (papal bull) the university in Freiburg actually was - like all or most universities in the middle ages - ex officio a corporation of church body and therefore belonged to the Roman Catholic Church and its hierarchy. The bishop of Basel conseque ...

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Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - History, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - Campus, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - Students, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - Faculty, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - Organization, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - Noted Alumni and Professors, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg - External link

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The earliest known settlement in Plymouth dates back to 1000BC with a small iron age trading port located at Mount Batten. It is thought that tin was brought here from Dartmoor via the Plym and traded with the ancient Phoenicians. When part of the Roman Empire this same port continued to trade tin along with cattle and hides. The small port was later overshadowed by the rise of the fishing village of Sutton. Sutton became a market town in 1254 and later was the first town incorporated by the English Parliament on 12 November, 1439. At the same time the name of the town ...

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Plymouth, Plymouth - History, Plymouth - Plymouth during the Civil War, Plymouth - Plymouth during the Second World War, Plymouth - Arts, Plymouth - Theatres, Plymouth - Museums Art Galleries and Historic Buildings, Plymouth - Nightlife, Plymouth - Government, Plymouth - Transport, Plymouth - Economy, Plymouth - Education, Plymouth - Colleges, Plymouth - Schools, Plymouth - Green Space, Plymouth - Sport, Plymouth - Media, Plymouth - Plymouth 2020, Plymouth - Twinning

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The capital of Massachusetts is Boston and the current governor is His Excellency Mitt Romney (Republican). All governors of Massachusetts are given the title His Excellency, a carry-over from the Commonwealth's British past, despite titles being uncommon in American political traditions. The state does not maintain an official governor's residence. Massachusetts's two U.S. senators are Edward Kennedy (Democrat) and John Kerry (Democrat); as of the 2001 redistricting, Massachusetts has ten seats in the United States House of Represent ...

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Massachusetts, Massachusetts - Name, Massachusetts - Mass-adchu-et, Massachusetts - Commonwealth, Massachusetts - Geography, Massachusetts - History, Massachusetts - Early settlement, Massachusetts - Europeans: Pilgrims Puritans and Yankees 1620-1686, Massachusetts - Colonial Maturity 1686-1765, Massachusetts - Revolutionary Massachusetts 1765-1780, Massachusetts - Federalist Era 1780-1815, Massachusetts - Leader in industrialization 1815-1860, Massachusetts - Civil War and Gilded Age 1860-1900, Massachusetts - Prosperity decades 1900-1929, Massachusetts - Depression and war 1929-1945, Massachusetts - Economic changes: decline of manufacturing 1945-1980, Massachusetts - Modern economy and society 1980-2006, Massachusetts - Other notable history, Massachusetts - Economy, Massachusetts - Demographics, Massachusetts - Population, Massachusetts - Race and Ancestry, Massachusetts - Religion, Massachusetts - Government, Massachusetts - Legal holidays observed, Massachusetts - Politics, Massachusetts - Banned in Boston, Massachusetts - Liberal reputation, Massachusetts - Defamation of the Commonwealth, Massachusetts - Contemporary political issues, Massachusetts - Famous politicians and public figures, Massachusetts - Massachusetts cities towns and counties, Massachusetts - Education and research, Massachusetts - The central role of education, Massachusetts - Public schools, Massachusetts - Professional sports, Massachusetts - Trivia

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List of Spaniards - Architects. See also: Category:Spanish architects. Ricardo Bofill (b. 1939), one of the main representatives of postmodernism in architecture. Santiago Calatrava (b. 1951), 2005 AIA Gold Medal Laureate. Ildefons Cerdà (1815–1876), urban planner who designed the 19th-century extension of Barcelona (Eixample). Lluís Domènech i Montaner (1850–1923), brilliant contemporary of better known fellow c ...

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List of Spaniards, List of Spaniards - Actors, List of Spaniards - Artists, List of Spaniards - Architects, List of Spaniards - Explorers and conquistadores, List of Spaniards - Film directors, List of Spaniards - Leaders and politicians, List of Spaniards - Ancient, List of Spaniards - Medieval, List of Spaniards - Modern, List of Spaniards - Contemporary, List of Spaniards - Literature, List of Spaniards - A–D, List of Spaniards - E–H, List of Spaniards - I–L, List of Spaniards - M–P, List of Spaniards - Q–T, List of Spaniards - U–Z, List of Spaniards - Military, List of Spaniards - Musicians, List of Spaniards - Classical, List of Spaniards - Singers, List of Spaniards - Philosophers and humanists, List of Spaniards - Science and technology, List of Spaniards - Social scientists, List of Spaniards - Sports, List of Spaniards - Others

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The essential elements of a scientific method are iterations, recursions, interleavings and orderings of the following: Characterizations (Quantifications, observations and measurements) Hypotheses (theoretical, hypothetical explanations of observations and measurements) Predictions (reasoning including logical deduction from hypotheses and theories) Experi ...

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Scientific method, Scientific method - Elements of scientific method, Scientific method - Characterizations, Scientific method - Hypotheses development, Scientific method - Predictions from the hypotheses, Scientific method - Experiments, Scientific method - Evaluations and iterations, Scientific method - Testing and improvements, Scientific method - Confirmations, Scientific method - Scope and goals, Scientific method - Scientific communities, Scientific method - Peer review evaluations, Scientific method - Reproduction and record-keeping, Scientific method - History, Scientific method - Philosophical issues, Scientific method - Scientific method and the practice of science, Scientific method - Formal approaches, Scientific method - Quotations, Scientific method - Notes, Scientific method - Historical references to scientific method

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Scientific method can be applied to anything within the range of our experiences. As long as something has an effect on our lives, we can formulate theories and try to predict what this effect might be. The effect itself is an experiment, testing whether our theory was right. People use scientific methods all the time. They have theories about devices and make predictions how those will react to their actions. If a device does not work as expected, the experiment may disprove their theory. If they adjust their theory, they are applying scientific methods; if they nevertheless stick to their t ...

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Scientific method, Scientific method - Elements of scientific method, Scientific method - Characterizations, Scientific method - Hypotheses development, Scientific method - Predictions from the hypotheses, Scientific method - Experiments, Scientific method - Evaluations and iterations, Scientific method - Testing and improvements, Scientific method - Confirmations, Scientific method - Scope and goals, Scientific method - Scientific communities, Scientific method - Peer review evaluations, Scientific method - Reproduction and record-keeping, Scientific method - History, Scientific method - Philosophical issues, Scientific method - Scientific method and the practice of science, Scientific method - Formal approaches, Scientific method - Quotations, Scientific method - Notes, Scientific method - Historical references to scientific method

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Galileo was born in Europe Pisa, in the Tuscan region of Italy, the son of Vincenzo Galilei, a mathematician and musician born in Florence in 1520, and Giulia Ammannati, born in Pescia and married in 1563. Galileo was their first child. Although a devout Catholic, Galileo fathered three children out of wedlock. All were the children of Galileo and Marina Gamba. Because of their illegitimate birth, both girls were sent to the convent of San Matteo in Arcetri at early ages. Virginia (1600-1634) who took the name Maria Celeste upon ...

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Galileo Galilei, Galileo Galilei - Galileo's Family & Early Careers, Galileo Galilei - Experimental science, Galileo Galilei - Astronomy, Galileo Galilei - Contributions, Galileo Galilei - Modern claims of scientific errors and misconduct, Galileo Galilei - Physics, Galileo Galilei - Mathematics, Galileo Galilei - Technology, Galileo Galilei - Church controversy, Galileo Galilei - Galileo's writings, Galileo Galilei - Writings on Galileo, Galileo Galilei - Named after Galileo

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Prague is a traditional cultural centre of Europe, hosting many cultural events. Most Important Cultural Institutions: National Theatre The Rudolfinum (home to the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra) National Opera National Museum National Library National Gallery There are hundreds of concert halls, galleries, cinemas and music clubs in the city. Prague also hosts Film Festivals, Music Festivals, a Writers Festival, hundreds ...

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Prague, Prague - History, Prague - Sights, Prague - Culture, Prague - Economy, Prague - Colleges and universities, Prague - Transportation, Prague - Taxis, Prague - Sport, Prague - Miscellaneous, Prague - Prague - Venue, Prague - Famous People connected with Prague, Prague - Historical population

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From 1453 onwards, the Archduke of Austria had the right to confer nobility on non-nobles, as did the Archbishop of Salzburg, which remained an independent territory. Beside the Holy Roman Emperor (an office which was almost uninterruptedly held by the Archduke of Austria from 1438 to 1806 anyway), only a few territoral rulers within the Empire had this right. In the era of Absolutism, the nobility residing in the cities slowly turned itself into the court-nobility (Hofadel). The service at the court became the primary goal of the nob ...

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Austrian nobility, Austrian nobility - History, Austrian nobility - Burgenland, Austrian nobility - Abolition of nobility in 1919, Austrian nobility - Noble titles, Austrian nobility - Erzherzog Archduke Erzherzogin Archduchess, Austrian nobility - Herzog Duke Herzogin Duchess, Austrian nobility - Fürst Prince Fürstin Princess, Austrian nobility - Graf Count Gräfin Countess, Austrian nobility - Freiherr Baron Freifrau Baroness Freiin Baroness unwed, Austrian nobility - Ritter Knight or Esquire, Austrian nobility - Edler Edle, Austrian nobility - untitled noble families or status unknown

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Logarithm - Unicode glyph. log has its own Unicode glyph: ㏒ (U+33D2 or 13266 in decimal). This is more likely due to its presence in Asian legacy encodings than its importance as a mathematical function. Logarithm - Graphical interpretation. The natural logarithm of x is the area under the curve y = 1/x between 1 and x. < ...

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Logarithm, Logarithm - Bases, Logarithm - Other notations, Logarithm - Change of base, Logarithm - Uses of logarithms, Logarithm - Science and engineering, Logarithm - Exponential functions, Logarithm - Easier computations, Logarithm - Calculus, Logarithm - Generalizations, Logarithm - History, Logarithm - Tables of logarithms, Logarithm - Trivia, Logarithm - Unicode glyph, Logarithm - Graphical interpretation, Logarithm - Irrationality, Logarithm - Relationships between binary natural and common logarithms

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