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Yuánguāng(元光) Yuánshuò (元朔) Yuánshòu (元狩) Yuándǐng (元鼎) Yuánfēng (元封) Tàichū (太初) Tiānhàn (天漢) Tàishǐ (太始) Zhēnghé (征和) 134 BC – 129 BC 128 BC – 123 BC 122 BC – 117 BC 116 BC – 111 BC 110 BC – 105 BC 104 BC – 101 BC 100 BC – 97 BC 96 BC – 93 BC 92 BC – 89 BC Yuánfèng (元鳳) 80 BC – 75 BC Dìjié (地節) Yuánkāng (元康) Shénjué (神 ...

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Table of Chinese monarchs, Table of Chinese monarchs - Xia Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Shang Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Zhou Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Qin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Han Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Three Kingdoms Period, Table of Chinese monarchs - Jin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sixteen Kingdoms Period, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sovereignties established by Wu Hu, Table of Chinese monarchs - Northern and Southern Dynasties, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sui Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Tang Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Table of Chinese monarchs - Independent Regimes during Ten Kingdoms, Table of Chinese monarchs - Liao Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Song Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Western Xia, Table of Chinese monarchs - Jin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Yuan Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Ming dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Shun Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Southern Ming Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Qing dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Taiping Rebellion, Table of Chinese monarchs - Yuan Shikai's Chinese Empire

Read more here: » Table of Chinese monarchs: Encyclopedia II - Table of Chinese monarchs - Han Dynasty

There is no historical source describing the decades that followed Agricola's recall. Even the name of his replacement is unknown. Archaeology has shown that some Roman forts south of the Forth-Clyde isthmus were rebuilt and enlarged, although others appear to have been abandoned. Roman coins and pottery are found circulating at native settlement sites in what are now the Scottish lowlands in the years before 100, indicating growing Romanisation. Around 105, however, a serious setback appears to have happened at the hands of the indig ...

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Roman Britain, Roman Britain - Early Roman contacts, Roman Britain - The Roman invasion, Roman Britain - Roman rule is established, Roman Britain - Occupation and retreat from southern Scotland, Roman Britain - Trade and industry, Roman Britain - The third century, Roman Britain - Government of Britannia, Roman Britain - The fourth century, Roman Britain - Town and country, Roman Britain - The end of Roman rule, Roman Britain - Religion, Roman Britain - Sub-Roman Britain, Roman Britain - The legacy

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The Chinese people consider the Han Dynasty to be one of the greatest periods in the entire history of China. As a result, the members of the ethnic majority of Chinese people to this day still call themselves "people of Han," in honor of the Liu family and the dynasty they created. During the Han Dynasty, China officially became a Confucian state and prospered domestically: agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished, and the population reached 50 million. Meanwhile, the empire extended its political and cultural influence over Vietnam, Central Asia, Mongolia, and Korea before it finally collapsed under a combi ...

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Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty - Importance, Han Dynasty - The Emergence, Han Dynasty - Taoism and Feudal System, Han Dynasty - Emperor Wu and Confucianism, Han Dynasty - Beginning of the Silk Road, Han Dynasty - Rise of landholding class, Han Dynasty - Interruption of Han rule, Han Dynasty - Rise and Fall of Eastern Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty - Sovereigns of Han Dynasty

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The Chinese people consider the reign of the Han Dynasty which lasted for 400 years to be one of the greatest periods in the entire history of China. As a result, the members of the ethnic majority of Chinese people to this day still call themselves "people of Han," in honor of the Liu family and the dynasty they created. During the Han Dynasty, China officially became a Confucian state and prospered domestically: agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished, and the population reached 50 million. Meanwhile, the empire extended it ...

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Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty - Importance, Han Dynasty - The Emergence, Han Dynasty - Taoism and Feudal System, Han Dynasty - Emperor Wu and Confucianism, Han Dynasty - Beginning of the Silk Road, Han Dynasty - Rise of landholding class, Han Dynasty - Interruption of Han rule, Han Dynasty - Rise and Fall of Eastern Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty - Sovereigns of Han Dynasty

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Menander I - The Milinda Pañha. According to tradition, Menander embraced the Buddhist faith, as described in the Milinda Pañha, a classical Pali Buddhist text on the discussions between Milinda and the Buddhist sage Nāgasena. He is described as constantly accompanied by a guard of 500 Greek ("Yonaka") soldiers, and two of his counsellors are named Demetrius and Antiochus.

Menander I, Menander I - A renowned Indo-Greek king, Menander I - Menander and Buddhism, Menander I - The Milinda Pañha, Menander I - Other Indian accounts, Menander I - Menander the Just King of the Dharma, Menander I - The question of Menander's change of title, Menander I - Menander's death, Menander I - Succession, Menander I - Legacy, Menander I - Buddhism, Menander I - Representation of the Buddha, Menander I - Geography, Menander I - Notes

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Almost every city developed its own dialect; however, most disappeared before they were recorded, so the only information we have on them are some words borrowed into Croatian local dialects. The most important dialects we have information on are: Vegliot — a northern dialect, spoken on the island of Veglia (Krk) Ragusan — a southern dialect, spoken at Ragusa (Dubrovnik)See also:

Dalmatian language, Dalmatian language - Dialects, Dalmatian language - Ragusan, Dalmatian language - Vegliot, Dalmatian language - History, Dalmatian language - Characteristics, Dalmatian language - Similarities to Romanian, Dalmatian language - Vocabulary, Dalmatian language - Grammar, Dalmatian language - Language sample

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Cao Cao - Early life. Cao Cao was born in the county of Qiao (譙, present day Bozhou, Anhui) in 155. His father Cao Song (曹嵩) was a foster son of Cao Teng (曹騰), who in turn was one of the favorite eunuchs of Emperor Huan. Some historical records, including Biography of Cao Man, claim that Cao Song was originally surnamed Xiahou (thus making Cao Cao a cousin of Xiahou Dun and Xiahou Yuan, two of his most prominent generals). In Romance of the Three Kingdoms , it states that Cao Cao's father was origianlly a Xiahou and ...

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Cao Cao, Cao Cao - Life, Cao Cao - Early life, Cao Cao - Alliance against Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - The three kingdoms, Cao Cao - Major battles, Cao Cao - Battle of Yanzhou, Cao Cao - Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao - Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao - Other contributions, Cao Cao - Agriculture and education, Cao Cao - Poetry, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao - Escape from Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - Escape through Huarong Trail, Cao Cao - Death of Cao Cao and Hua Tuo, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in opera, Cao Cao - The Cao clan, Cao Cao - Direct male descendants, Cao Cao - Extended family, Cao Cao - Reference

Read more here: » Cao Cao: Encyclopedia II - Cao Cao - Life

The Roman Catholic Church was founded on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, known as Jesus Christ, "Christ" meaning the same as "Messiah". Jesus was a carpenter from the region of Galilee and observed the Jewish faith. Roman Catholicism thus considers itself a successor religion to Judaism with the Christian God and the God of the Jews seen as one and the same. Some suppose that Jesus, when twelve years old, experienced a revelation in Herod's Temple in Jerusalem, realizing that he was the Son of God. This is an interpreta ...

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History of the Roman Catholic Church, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Prologue: The ministry of Jesus of Nazareth c. 4 BC – AD 33, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Key Dates, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Early Catholic Church 34 AD – 313 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Key dates, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Church of the Roman Empire 313 AD – 476 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Key Dates, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Church of the Dark Ages 476 AD – 850 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Key Dates, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Church of the Middle Ages 800 AD – 1499 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Church of the Renaissance 1500 AD – 1629 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Church of the Age of Reason 1630 AD – 1799 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - 19th Century Catholic Church 1800 AD – 1899 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - 20th Century Catholic Church 1901 AD – 2000 AD, History of the Roman Catholic Church - 21st Century Catholic Church 2001 AD – PRESENT, History of the Roman Catholic Church - Key Dates

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Related articles: History of Afghanistan, History of Iran, History of Tajikistan, History of South Asia, History of Central Asia, History of India. As one of the cradles of human civilisation, the Pakistani region has long been at the crossroads of history. It was the birthplace of some of the most ancient civilisations and a strategic centre of historic trade routes, including the Silk Road. Pakistan was the site of much of the Indus Valley Civilisation and was subsequently occupied by many groups, including Dravidians, ...

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Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture

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One story holds that the Library was seeded with Aristotle's own private collection, through one of his students, Demetrius Phalereus. Another story concerns how its collection grew so large: By decree of Ptolemy III of Egypt, all visitors to the city were required to surrender all books and scrolls in their possession; these writings were then swiftly copied by official scribes. The originals were put into the Library, and the copies were delivered to the previous owners. While encroaching on the rights of the traveler or merchant, it also helped to creat ...

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Library of Alexandria, Library of Alexandria - Overview, Library of Alexandria - Destruction of the Great Library, Library of Alexandria - Evidence for the existence of the Library after Caesar, Library of Alexandria - Destruction of the pagan temples by Theophilus, Library of Alexandria - Conclusions, Library of Alexandria - Other libraries of the ancient world, Library of Alexandria - The Library in Modern Fiction

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Tertullian - General character. Though thoroughly conversant with the Greek theology, Tertullian was independent of its metaphysical speculation. He had learned from the Greek apologies, and forms a direct contrast to Origen. Origen pushed his idealism in the direction of Gnostic spiritualism. Tertullian, the prince of realists and practical theologian, carried his realism to the verge of materialism. This is evident from his ascription to God of corporeity and his acceptance of the traducian theory of the origin ...

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Tertullian, Tertullian - Life, Tertullian - Writings, Tertullian - General Character, Tertullian - Chronology and Contents, Tertullian - Theology, Tertullian - General character, Tertullian - Specific teachings, Tertullian - Moral Principles:, Tertullian - Footnotes

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Cao Cao - Early life. Cao Cao was born in the county of Qiao (譙, present day Bozhou, Anhui) in 155. His father Cao Song (曹嵩) was a foster son of Cao Teng (曹騰), who in turn was one of the favorite eunuchs of Emperor Huan. Some historical records, including Biography of Cao Man, claim that Cao Song was originally surnamed Xiahou (thus making Cao Cao a cousin of Xiahou Dun and Xiahou Yuan, two ...

See also:

Cao Cao, Cao Cao - Life, Cao Cao - Early life, Cao Cao - Alliance against Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - The three kingdoms, Cao Cao - Major battles, Cao Cao - Battle of Yanzhou, Cao Cao - Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao - Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao - Other contributions, Cao Cao - Agriculture and education, Cao Cao - Poetry, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao - Escape from Dong Zhuo, Cao Cao - Escape through Huarong Trail, Cao Cao - Death of Cao Cao and Hua Tuo, Cao Cao - Cao Cao in opera, Cao Cao - The Cao clan, Cao Cao - Direct male descendants, Cao Cao - Extended family, Cao Cao - Reference

Read more here: » Cao Cao: Encyclopedia II - Cao Cao - Life

Sun Jian - Early life and career. Born in the Fuchun Prefecture of the Wu Commandery (吳郡富春, present day Fuyang, Zhejiang), Sun Jian was said to be a descendant of the renowned military strategist Sun Tzu, author of The Art of War. He was a civil officer in his prefecture during his youth. When he was sixteen, Sun Jian travelled with his father to Qiantang (錢唐, present day Hanzhou, Zhejiang), where they came upon a band of pirates dividing up their spoils on land. Sun Jian jumped on shore with a ...

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Sun Jian, Sun Jian - Life, Sun Jian - Early life and career, Sun Jian - Coalition against Dong Zhuo, Sun Jian - Late life, Sun Jian - Reference

Read more here: » Sun Jian: Encyclopedia II - Sun Jian - Life

In the following century, the Yuezhi tribe of the Guishuang (Ch: 貴霜) gained prominence over the others, and welded them into a tight confederation. The name Guishuang was adopted in the West and modified into Kushan to designate the confederation, although the Chinese continued to call them Yuezhi. Gradually wresting control of the area from the Scythian tribes, the Kushans expanded south into the region traditionally known as Gandhara (An area lying primarily in Pakistan's Pothowar, and NWFP region but ...

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Kushan Empire, Kushan Empire - Origins, Kushan Empire - A multi-cultural Empire, Kushan Empire - Heraios 1-30 CE, Kushan Empire - Kujula Kadphises 30-80 CE, Kushan Empire - Vima Taktu 80-105 CE, Kushan Empire - Vima Kadphises 105-127 CE, Kushan Empire - Kanishka I 127-147 CE, Kushan Empire - The Kushans and Buddhism, Kushan Empire - Depiction of Kushan devotees in the art of Gandhara, Kushan Empire - Contacts with Rome, Kushan Empire - Contacts with China, Kushan Empire - Decline, Kushan Empire - Main Kushan rulers

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Under the Roman Empire, administration of peaceful provinces was ultimately the remit of the Senate but those like Britain that required permanent garrisons of troops were placed under the Emperor's control. On the ground however imperial provinces were run by resident governors who were former senators who had held the consulship. These men were carefully selected often having strong records of military success and administrative ability. In Britain, a governor's role was primarily military but numerous other tasks were also his responsibil ...

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Roman Britain, Roman Britain - Early Roman contacts, Roman Britain - The Roman invasion, Roman Britain - Roman rule is established, Roman Britain - Occupation and retreat from southern Scotland, Roman Britain - Trade and industry, Roman Britain - The third century, Roman Britain - Government of Britannia, Roman Britain - The fourth century, Roman Britain - Town and country, Roman Britain - The end of Roman rule, Roman Britain - Religion, Roman Britain - Sub-Roman Britain, Roman Britain - The legacy

Read more here: » Roman Britain: Encyclopedia II - Roman Britain - Government of Britannia

See also : Main article: Subdivisions of Pakistan, Districts of Pakistan. Pakistan comprises four provinces, two territories, and also administers parts of Kashmir. The provinces are further subdivided into a total of 105 districts. Provinces: Balochistan North West Frontier Province Punjab Sindh Two provinces, NWFP and Balochistan, also have Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA) which are e ...

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Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Overview, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture

Read more here: » Pakistan: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - Provinces and Territories

Pakistan's culture, people and landscape are very diverse. Pakistanis pride themselves on their tradition of hospitality "Mehman-nawazi" to guests. Tourism is a growth industry in Pakistan. Pakistan has in the past been invaded and occupied by many different peoples, including Huns, Persians, Arabs, Turks, Mongols and various Eurasian groups, all of which left differences in culture among the various ethnic groups in matters such as dress, food, and religion. Pakistan also contains the ruins of ancient places such as Mohenjodaro, Harappa, Kot Diji, Thatta, Bhamb ...

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Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture

Read more here: » Pakistan: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - Tourism

Pakistan, a developing country, is the sixth most populous in the world and has faced a number of challenges on the political and economic fronts. Although a very poor country when it became independent in 1947, in the 1960s Harvard economists proclaimed it to be a model of economic development. In each of its first four decades, Pakistan's economic growth rate was better than the global average, but imprudent policies led to a slowdown in the late 1990s. Since then, the Pakistani government has instituted wide-ranging reforms, and ec ...

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Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture

Read more here: » Pakistan: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - Economy

See also : List of political parties in Pakistan, Foreign relations of Pakistan, Constitution of Pakistan, Government of Pakistan, Elections in Pakistan Pakistan - Political history. Pakistan has been ruled by both democratic and military governments. The first decade was marred with political unrest and instability resulting in frequent collapses of civilian democratic governments. From 1947 to 1958 as many as seven Prime Ministers of Pakistan either resigned or were ouste ...

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Pakistan, Pakistan - History, Pakistan - Ancient History, Pakistan - Arrival of Islam, Pakistan - British rule, Pakistan - Post-independence, Pakistan - Politics, Pakistan - Political history, Pakistan - Foreign relations, Pakistan - Provinces and Territories, Pakistan - Geography, Pakistan - Tourism, Pakistan - Economy, Pakistan - Overview, Pakistan - Demographics, Pakistan - Population Statistics, Pakistan - Religion, Pakistan - Languages, Pakistan - Ethnic groups, Pakistan - Society and culture, Pakistan - Roots, Pakistan - Media, Pakistan - Globalization, Pakistan - Mercantile culture

Read more here: » Pakistan: Encyclopedia II - Pakistan - Politics

Constantius Chlorus returned to Britain in 306, aiming to invade northern Britain. The province's defences had been rebuilt in the preceding years and, although his health was poor, Constantius wished to penetrate far into enemy territory and win a further victory. Little is known of his campaigns and there is little archaeological evidence for them. From fragmentary historical sources it seems he reached the far north of Britain and won a great battle in early ...

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Roman Britain, Roman Britain - Early Roman contacts, Roman Britain - The Roman invasion, Roman Britain - Roman rule is established, Roman Britain - Occupation and retreat from southern Scotland, Roman Britain - Trade and industry, Roman Britain - The third century, Roman Britain - Government of Britannia, Roman Britain - The fourth century, Roman Britain - Town and country, Roman Britain - The end of Roman rule, Roman Britain - Religion, Roman Britain - Sub-Roman Britain, Roman Britain - The legacy

Read more here: » Roman Britain: Encyclopedia II - Roman Britain - The fourth century

The traditional view of historians, informed by the work of Michael Rostovtzeff, was of a widespread economic decline at this time. However, consistent archaeological evidence has told another story, and the accepted view is undergoing re-evaluation. The destruction of many sites is now believed to be much later than had formerly been thought. Many buildings changed use, but were not destroyed. There were growing barbarian attacks, but focused on vulnerable rural settlements rather than the towns. Some villas such as Great Casterton in Rutla ...

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Roman Britain, Roman Britain - Early Roman contacts, Roman Britain - The Roman invasion, Roman Britain - Roman rule is established, Roman Britain - Occupation and retreat from southern Scotland, Roman Britain - Trade and industry, Roman Britain - The third century, Roman Britain - Government of Britannia, Roman Britain - The fourth century, Roman Britain - Town and country, Roman Britain - The end of Roman rule, Roman Britain - Religion, Roman Britain - Sub-Roman Britain, Roman Britain - The legacy

Read more here: » Roman Britain: Encyclopedia II - Roman Britain - The end of Roman rule