1447

1447 - Events. March 6 - Nicholas V becomes Pope. Vlad II Dracul, ruler of Wallachia and his eldest son Mircea are assassinated. Vladislav II succeeds him with the assistance of John Hunyadi. According to ryū's own sources, Iizasa Ienao founds Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto-ryu, the earliest historically verifiable Japanese koryū martial art that is still extant today. 1447 - Births. December 9 - Chenghua Emperor of China (died ...

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• 1447 - Events
• 1447 - Births
• 1447 - Deaths

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August 30 is the 242nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (243rd in leap years), with 123 days remaining. August 30 - Events. 711 - K'inich K'an Joy Chitam, king of the Maya city of Palenque, disappears from history. He was probably taken prisoner by a rivalling city state. 1574 - Guru Ram Das became the Fourth Sikh Guru/Master 1590 - Tokugawa Ieyasu enters Edo Castle. (Traditional Japanese date: August 1, 1590) 1813 - Battle of Kulm: Fr ...

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• August 30 - Events
• August 30 - Births
• August 30 - Deaths
• August 30 - Holidays and observances

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1511 - Events. Diego Velázquez and Hernán Cortés conquer Cuba; Velázquez appointed Governor. August 24 - Alfonso de Albuquerque of Portugal conquers the Sultanate of Malacca. St John's College, Cambridge founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort. 1511 - Births. January 1 - Henry, Duke of Cornwall, eldest son of Henry VIII of England July 3 - Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter and architect (died 1574) September 29 - Michael Servet ...

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• 1511 - Events
• 1511 - Births
• 1511 - Deaths

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Jacques Cœur (c. 1395 – November 25, 1456, Chios), was a French merchant. He was one of the founders of the trade between France and the Levant. He was born at Bourges, in which city his father, Pierre Cœur, was a rich merchant. Jacques is first heard of about 1418, when he married Mace de Lodepart, daughter of Lambert de Lodepart, an influential citizen, provost of Bourges, and a former valet of John, duke of Berry. About 1429 he formed a commercial partnership with two brothers named Godard; and in 1432 he was at Damascus ...

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The Council of Basel was a council of bishops and other ecclesiastics of the Roman Catholic Church that was held at Basel, Switzerland, away from territories of the Papacy, the Holy Roman Emperor or the kings of Aragon or France, whose influences the council hoped to avoid. The council was convened at a period when the Conciliar movement was strong and the authority of the papacy weak. In the pressure for reform within the Church, a decree of the Council of Constance (9 October 1417), sanctioned by Pope Martin V, obliged ...

Including:

• Council of Basel - Composition of the Council
• Council of Basel - Attempted dissolution
• Council of Basel - Issues of reform
• Council of Basel - Eugenius IV
• Council of Basel - Union with the Eastern Orthodox Church
• Council of Basel - Deposition of Eugenius IV
• Council of Basel - Council at Lausanne
• Council of Basel - Aftermath
• Council of Basel - External link

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William Waynflete (1395 - 1486), English Lord Chancellor and bishop of Winchester, was the son of Richard Pattene or Patyn, alias Barbour, of Wainfleet, Lincolnshire (Magd. Coll., Oxon. Reg, f. 84b), whose monumental effigy, formerly in the church of Wainfleet, now in Magdalen College Chapel at Oxford, seems to be in the dress of a merchant. His mother was Margery, daughter of Sir William Brereton of t ...

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1496 - Events. January 3 - Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine. March 10 - Christopher Columbus leaves Hispaniola for Spain, ending his second visit to the Western Hemisphere. July - Spanish forces under Gonzalo Hernandez de Cordoba capture Atella after a siege. Among the prisoners is the French viceroy of Naples, the Comte de Montpensier. Ferrante II is restored to the throne of Naples. Jesus College (University of Cambridge) founded. ...

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• 1496 - Events
• 1496 - Births
• 1496 - Deaths

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Afonso V of Portugal (Portuguese pron. IPA /ɐ.'fõ.su/; English Alphonzo), or Affonso (Archaic Portuguese), the African (Port. o Africano), 12th king of Portugal was born in Sintra in January 15, 1432 and died in the same city in August 28, 1481. He was the oldest son of king Duarte of Portugal by his wife, princess Eleanor of Aragon. Afonso V wa ...

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• Afonso V of Portugal - Afonso's marriages and descendants

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1487 - Events. Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. May 24 - Lambert Simnel is crowned King "Henry VI of England" in Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin, Ireland. He claims to be Edward, Earl of Warwick and rivals Henry VII for the throne of England. June 16 - Battle of Stoke Field. The rebellion of Lambert Simnel, who pretended to be Edward, Earl of Warwick, son of the Duke of Clarence, is crushed by troops loyal to Henry VII Publication of the witch-hunter manual Malleus Maleficarum ...

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• 1487 - Events
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• 1487 - Deaths

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Bayezid II (1447/48 – May 26, 1512) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. Bayezid was born in Demotika in Thrace. The son of Mehmed II the Conqueror, Bayezid ascended the Ottoman throne in 1481. Like his father, Bayezid was a patron of western and eastern culture and unlike many other Sultans, worked hard to ensure a smooth running of domestic politics, which earned him the epithet of "the Just". Throughout his reign, Bayezid engaged in numerous campaigns to conquer the Venetian-held despotate of Morea, accu ...

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1380s - Events and Trends. The Western Schism continues with Pope Urban VI and Avignon Pope Clement VII each considered by some to be the Pope. Richard II reigns in England and Charles VI reigns in France. Geoffrey Chaucer begins work on The Canterbury Tales A civil war in the Scandinavian part of Sweden brought unrest to Finland, too. As part of the Hundred Years War, the island of Jersey was attacked many times and was even occupied for a couple of years. Many ...

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• 1380s - Events and Trends
• 1380s - Births
• 1380s - Deaths

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1377 - Arts and Literature. May 10 – A deputy is appointed to take charge of Chaucer’s duties at customs, Chaucer being busy with diplomatic business. Geoffrey Chaucer makes two trips to France this year. Nicholas Oresme is elected bishop of Lisieux. Oresme's French translations from Latin versions of Aristotle are an important contribution to the development of the French language. Al-Jurjani returns to Shiraz from Constantinople to become a teacher. ...

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• 1377 - Events
• 1377 - Arts and Literature
• 1377 - Births
• 1377 - Deaths

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1390 - Events. 1390 - Births. December 27 - Anne de Mortimer, claimant to the English throne (died 1411) Domenico da Piacenza, Italian dancemaster (died 1470) John Dunstable, English composer (died 1453) Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish statesman and rebel leader (died 1436) Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (died 1447) John VIII Palaeologus Byzantine Emperor (died 1448) 1390 - Deaths. Apr ...

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• 1390 - Events
• 1390 - Births
• 1390 - Deaths

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1395 - Events. End of reign of Hungary by Capet-Anjou family. Albert IV becomes archduke of Austria. Rama Ratchathirat becomes king of the Ayutthaya kingdom in Thailand. 1395 - Births. January 11 - Michele of Valois, daughter of Charles VI of France (died 1422) March 18 - John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, English military leader (died 1447) September 7 - Reginald West, 6th Baron De La Warr, English politician (died 1427)Including:

• 1395 - Events
• 1395 - Births
• 1395 - Deaths

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1383 - Events. End of the reign of Emperor Chokei of Japan Emperor Go-Kameyama ascends to the throne of Japan 1383 - Births. Amadeus VIII of Savoy (died 1451) Pope Eugenius IV (died 1447) Anne of Gloucester, English noblewoman (died 1438) 1383 - Deaths. March 1 - Amadeus VI of Savoy (born 1334) June 5 - Dmitry Konstantinovich, Russian prince (b. 1324) June 8 - Thomas ...

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• 1383 - Events
• 1383 - Births
• 1383 - Deaths

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Both Catholic and Orthodox Christians believe that during the Celebration of the Eucharist the offerings (or gifts) of bread and wine are permanently changed: their substance is transformed into the body and blood of Jesus Christ, while the appearance of bread and wine remain. Since Christians believe Jesus Christ to be "true God and true man", his body and blood in the form of the consecrated host are worshipped or adored in the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. On the other hand, theft, sale, misuse of the consecrated host, or using it for s ...

See also:

Host desecration, Host desecration - Background of the concept, Host desecration - Accusations against Jews, Host desecration - Violence against Jews, Host desecration - Occurrences of the accusations against the Jews

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Ingolstadt was first mentioned in a document of Charlemagne on 6th of February 806 as "Ingoldes stat", the place of Ingold. About 1250 Ingolstadt was granted city status. Ingolstadt was the capital of the duchy Bavaria-Ingolstadt between 1392 and 1447 when Ingolstadt was united with Bavaria-Landshut. Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria ordered to build the New Castle, which was strongly influenced by French Gothic. In 1472 Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria founded the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Ingolstadt, which wa ...

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Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt - History and culture, Ingolstadt - Literary references, Ingolstadt - Sister cities

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Safavids - Beginnings. During the 15th century, the Ottomans expanded across Anatolia and centralized control by prosecuting Shi'ism. They outlawed it at the turn of the century. In 1501, various disaffected militia from Azerbaijan and eastern Anatolia collectively called the Kizilbash (Azeri for "Red Heads" due to their red headgear) united with the Ardebil Safaviyeh to capture Tabriz from the then ruling Sunni Turkoman alliance known as Ak Koyunlu (the ...

See also:

Safavids, Safavids - Origins, Safavids - Rise of the Safavid state, Safavids - Beginnings, Safavids - Establishment of Shi'ism as the state religion, Safavids - Shah Abbas, Safavids - Turkmens vs. Persians in the Safavid Period, Safavids - Economy, Safavids - Culture, Safavids - Decline of the Safavid state, Safavids - Safavid Shahs of Iran

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Upon the death of his father-in-law Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, he received half of Henry's lands, the title Earl of Lancaster, and the distinction as the greatest landowner in the north of England, because of his first marriage to his cousin, Blanche of Lancaster (1359), heiress to the Palatinate of Lancaster. John received the rest of the inheritance only when Blanche's sister, Maud (married to William V, Count of Hainaut), died on April 10, 1362. Gaunt received the title "Duke of Lancaster" from Edward III on 13 Novem ...

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John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster - Duke of Lancaster, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster - Marriages and descendants, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster - Popular culture, John of Gaunt 1st Duke of Lancaster - Links

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As administrator of his father, Duke Ernest, in the former duchy of Bavaria-Straubing he married secretly Agnes Bernauer in 1432. She was a maid from Augsburg. But his father was against this marriage. In 1435, when Agnes lived in Straubing, Ernst ordered to murder Agnes Bernauer. She was accused of witchcraft, thrown into the River Danube and drowned while Albert was absent for hunting. After reconciliation with his father Albert married princess Anna of Braunschweig ...

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Albert III Duke of Bavaria, Albert III Duke of Bavaria - Life, Albert III Duke of Bavaria - Family and children

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