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13 September | A Wisdom Archive on 13 September | | 13 September A selection of articles related to 13 September | |
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13 September
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 13 September | | | | | |  13 September: Encyclopedia II - List of Spanish monarchs - Kings Queens of SpainThere are four alternative moments (and three different persons) where the Kingship of Spain is considered to begin:
in 1479, when Ferdinand, already King Consort of Castile as husband of Isabel I of Castile, inherits Kingdom of Aragon at his father John II of Aragon's death. However, after this, the kingdoms became separate shortly, as Juana la Loca and Philip of Austria inherited Castile in 1504, but Aragon remained Ferdinand's; he even married again and had he produced a son, that son would have taken precedence in Aragon and ...
See also:List of Spanish monarchs, List of Spanish monarchs - Kings Queens of Spain, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Habsburg / House of Austria, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Bourbon, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Bonaparte, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Bourbon first restoration, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Savoy, List of Spanish monarchs - Interregnum: First Republic, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Bourbon second restoration, List of Spanish monarchs - Interregnum: Second Republic and Franco era, List of Spanish monarchs - House of Bourbon third restoration, List of Spanish monarchs - Notes Read more here: » List of Spanish monarchs: Encyclopedia II - List of Spanish monarchs - Kings Queens of Spain |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Warsaw Uprising - Eve of the battle The Home Army's initial plans for a national uprising, Operation Tempest, which would link up with British forces, changed in 1943 when it became apparent that the Red Army would force the Germans from Poland. The discovery of the Katyn massacre occasioned the breaking-off of Polish-Soviet relations in April, and they never properly recovered. Although doubts existed about the military wisdom of a major uprising, the planning continued.
The situation came to a head as Operation Bagration, the Soviet attack on Germany, reached the old ...
See also:Warsaw Uprising, Warsaw Uprising - Eve of the battle, Warsaw Uprising - Opposing forces, Warsaw Uprising - The battle, Warsaw Uprising - Life behind the front lines, Warsaw Uprising - Lack of outside support, Warsaw Uprising - The capitulation, Warsaw Uprising - Destruction of the city, Warsaw Uprising - Liberation of the ruins, Warsaw Uprising - The legacy, Warsaw Uprising - After the war, Warsaw Uprising - Note Read more here: » Warsaw Uprising: Encyclopedia II - Warsaw Uprising - Eve of the battle |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - KDE - History KDE was founded in 1996 by Matthias Ettrich, who was then a student at the University of Tübingen. He found a number of things wrong with the UNIX desktop at that time. Among his qualms, outlined in a now-famous newsgroup post, were that none of the applications looked, felt, or worked alike. He proposed the formation of not only a set of applications, but rather a desktop environment, in which users could expect things to look, feel, and work consistently. He also wanted to make this desktop easy to use. One of his complaints with desktop applications of the time was that his girlfriend could not use them. That post spurred a lot of interest ...
See also:KDE, KDE - History, KDE - Organization of the KDE project, KDE - Release cycle and version numbers, KDE - Major release, KDE - Minor release, KDE - KDE 4, KDE - Architecture, KDE - Packaging, KDE - Major KDE applications, KDE - Timeline, KDE - Naming convention, KDE - Licensing issues, KDE - Usability Read more here: » KDE: Encyclopedia II - KDE - History |
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| | | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Books The books are described as "a trilogy in five parts", having been described as a trilogy on the release of the third book, and then a "trilogy in four parts" on the release of the fourth book. Some versions of the fifth book also have the words "The fifth part of the increasingly inaccurately named Hitchhiker Trilogy" on the cover. The plots of the television and radio series are more or less the same as that of the first two novels, though some of the events occur in a different order and many of the details are changed. Much of parts five ...
See also:The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Origin of The Guide, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Original radio series, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Books, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - The Restaurant at the End of the Universe, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Life the Universe and Everything, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - So Long and Thanks for All the Fish, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Mostly Harmless, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Other books, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - TV series, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Radio series three to five, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Film, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Other adaptations, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Stage shows, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - LP album adaptations, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Interactive fiction and video games, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Comic books, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Hitch-Hikeriana, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - The origin of the towel joke, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Cultural references, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - International phenomenon, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Notes Read more here: » The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy: Encyclopedia II - The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Books |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Prelude Ever since the conclusion of the Great Northern War, Danish statesmen had been occupied in harvesting its fruits, namely, the Gottorp portions of Schleswig definitely annexed to Denmark in 1721 by the Treaty of Nystad, and endeavouring to bring about a definitive general understanding with the House of Gottorp as to their remaining possessions in Holstein. With the head of the Swedish branch of the Gottorps, the crown prince Adolphus Frederick, things had been arranged by the exchange of 1750; but an attempt to make a similar arrangement with the chief of t ...
See also:Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Early political career, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Prelude, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Bernstorff's Denmark, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - The Seven Years' War, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - After the War, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Fall from power, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Conclusion, Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Print references Read more here: » Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff: Encyclopedia II - Johann Hartwig Ernst Count von Bernstorff - Prelude |
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| | | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Royal Flying Corps - World War I The RFC was responsible for manning observation balloons on the Western front. For the first half of the war, the French air force vastly outnumbered the RFC, and accordingly did more fighting. Despite the primitive aircraft, aggressive leadership by commander Hugh Trenchard led to many brave fighting exploits and many casualties - over 700 in 1916, the rate worsening thereafter.
The RFC's first casualties of World War I were before the Corps even arrived in France. Lt Robert R. Skene and Air Mechanic Ray Barlow were killed on August ...
See also:Royal Flying Corps, Royal Flying Corps - Origin and Early History, Royal Flying Corps - Aircraft, Royal Flying Corps - World War I, Royal Flying Corps - Training, Royal Flying Corps - Amalgamation, Royal Flying Corps - Some members of the RFC, Royal Flying Corps - Militarily prominent, Royal Flying Corps - Otherwise prominent, Royal Flying Corps - In fiction Read more here: » Royal Flying Corps: Encyclopedia II - Royal Flying Corps - World War I |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Louis Buchalter - Downfall Buchalter's downfall began in the mid-1930s when he went on the run from both the FBI, who wanted to nail him on a narcotics charge, and New York City special prosecutor Thomas E. Dewey, who wanted him put away for his Syndicate activities. He was tricked by a childhood friend into surrendering to the Feds in exchange for not getting turned over to Dewey, and he ended up incarcerated at Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Kansas on a 14-year term for narcotics. The sentence was later extended to 30 years on account of Bu ...
See also:Louis Buchalter, Louis Buchalter - Early career, Louis Buchalter - A standout criminal, Louis Buchalter - Top of the crime world, Louis Buchalter - National Crime Syndicate, Louis Buchalter - The bloodiest one of all, Louis Buchalter - Downfall, Louis Buchalter - Conviction, Louis Buchalter - Execution Read more here: » Louis Buchalter: Encyclopedia II - Louis Buchalter - Downfall |
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| | | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Germany and the Free City of Danzig Also including cities ceeded to Poland & the Soviet Union after 1945.
List not complete.
The numbers (00) before the City name list acquisition of Trolleybuses.
XX Breslau 1 June 1912 - 1913, after the Second World War to Poland as Wrocław (see section Poland)
01 Mettmann 28 August 1930 - February 1952
02 Idar-Oberstein 22 February 1932 - 11 March 1969
03 Berlin 24 December 1933 - 22 Mar ...
See also:List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Australia, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Austria, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Belgium, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Canada, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - China, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Colombia, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Croatia, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Czech Republic, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Denmark, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Finland, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Germany and the Free City of Danzig, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Italy, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Netherlands, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - New Zealand, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Norway, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Poland, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Slovenia, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Sweden, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Turkey, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - United Kingdom, List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - United States Read more here: » List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses: Encyclopedia II - List of cities that no longer have trolleybuses - Germany and the Free City of Danzig |
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| | | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - History of Libya - Ancient Libya Tripolitania and Cyrenaica to 647 CE Since Neolithic times, the climate of North Africa has been drying. A reminder of the desertification of the area is provided by megalithic remains, which occur in great variety of form and in vast numbers in presently arid and uninhabitable wastelands: dolmens and circles like Stonehenge, cairns, underground cells excavated in rock, barrows topped with huge slabs, and step-pyramidlike mounds. Most remarkable are the trilithons, some still standing, some thrown down, which occur isolated or in rows, and consist of two squared uprights standi ...
See also:History of Libya, History of Libya - Ancient Libya Tripolitania and Cyrenaica to 647 CE, History of Libya - Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica 647-1911, History of Libya - Italian Colony 1911-1951, History of Libya - Modern Libya Read more here: » History of Libya: Encyclopedia II - History of Libya - Ancient Libya Tripolitania and Cyrenaica to 647 CE |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Nick Drake - Biography Drake's father worked as an engineer. Although he was born in Rangoon, Burma, Nick's family moved back to England soon afterward, and Drake was brought up in Tanworth-in-Arden, a small village in the English county of Warwickshire. He went to public school at Marlborough College, where he learned to play the flute. As a young adult, Drake enrolled in Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge to study English. His older ...
See also:Nick Drake, Nick Drake - Biography, Nick Drake - Posthumous popularity, Nick Drake - Discography, Nick Drake - Studio albums, Nick Drake - Singles, Nick Drake - Compilations Read more here: » Nick Drake: Encyclopedia II - Nick Drake - Biography |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Palestine Liberation Organization - History
Palestine Liberation Organization - Creation.
The Arab League on Cairo Summit 1964 initiated the creation of an organisation representing the Palestinian people. The Palestinian National Council convened in Jerusalem on 29 May 1964. Concluding this meeting the PLO was founded on 2 June 1964. Its Statement of Proclamation of the Organization [1] declared "... the right of the Palestinian Arab people to its sacred homeland Palestine and affirming the inevitability of the battle to liberate the usurped part f ...
See also:Palestine Liberation Organization, Palestine Liberation Organization - Overview, Palestine Liberation Organization - Membership, Palestine Liberation Organization - History, Palestine Liberation Organization - Creation, Palestine Liberation Organization - Leadership by Yasser Arafat, Palestine Liberation Organization - Black September in Jordan, Palestine Liberation Organization - Ten Point Program, Palestine Liberation Organization - The PLO in Lebanon and the Lebanese Civil War, Palestine Liberation Organization - A partner for peace?, Palestine Liberation Organization - Tunis & Algeria, Palestine Liberation Organization - First Intifada, Palestine Liberation Organization - Oslo Accords, Palestine Liberation Organization - Second Intifada, Palestine Liberation Organization - The PLO in the United Nations, Palestine Liberation Organization - PLO National Charter, Palestine Liberation Organization - Allegations of terrorism, Palestine Liberation Organization - Statements made by PLO, Palestine Liberation Organization - Leaders of the PLO Read more here: » Palestine Liberation Organization: Encyclopedia II - Palestine Liberation Organization - History |
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| | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - Palestine Liberation Organization - History
Palestine Liberation Organization - Creation.
The Arab League on Cairo Summit 1964 initiated the creation of an organisation representing the Palestinian people. The Palestinian National Council convened in Jerusalem on 29 May 1964. Concluding this meeting the PLO was founded on 2 June 1964. Its Statement of Proclamation of the Organization [1] declared "... the right of the Palestinian Arab people to its sacred homeland Palestine and affirming the inevitability of the battle to liberate the usurped part f ...
See also:Palestine Liberation Organization, Palestine Liberation Organization - Overview, Palestine Liberation Organization - Membership, Palestine Liberation Organization - History, Palestine Liberation Organization - Creation, Palestine Liberation Organization - Chairmen of the Palestine Liberation Organization PLO Executive Committee, Palestine Liberation Organization - Leadership by Yasser Arafat, Palestine Liberation Organization - Black September in Jordan, Palestine Liberation Organization - Ten Point Program, Palestine Liberation Organization - The PLO in Lebanon and the Lebanese Civil War, Palestine Liberation Organization - The PLO in years, Palestine Liberation Organization - A partner for peace?, Palestine Liberation Organization - Tunis & Algeria, Palestine Liberation Organization - First Intifada, Palestine Liberation Organization - Oslo Accords, Palestine Liberation Organization - Second Intifada, Palestine Liberation Organization - The PLO in the United Nations, Palestine Liberation Organization - PLO National Charter, Palestine Liberation Organization - Allegations of terrorism, Palestine Liberation Organization - Statements made by PLO Read more here: » Palestine Liberation Organization: Encyclopedia II - Palestine Liberation Organization - History |
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| | | | | | | 13 September: Encyclopedia II - National Rugby League - History of the NRL
National Rugby League - 1998: Inception.
The National Rugby League is the result of a joint venture between two competitions which co-existed in the season of 1997 - the Australian Rugby League (ARL) and Super League.
The Australian Rugby League competition ran from 1995 to 1997 and was the direct successor to the New South Wales Rugby League competition, which ran from 1908 to 1994. This competition consisted only of teams from metropolitan Sydney until 1982 when teams were added from Brisbane (1988), Can ...
See also:National Rugby League, National Rugby League - Teams, National Rugby League - To Be Readmitted in 2007, National Rugby League - Defunct Teams, National Rugby League - History of the NRL, National Rugby League - 1998: Inception, National Rugby League - 1999-2002: Rationalisation, National Rugby League - 2003-2005: Record Popularity, National Rugby League - 2005: More Legal Action, National Rugby League - Combined history, National Rugby League - How the NRL works, National Rugby League - The draw, National Rugby League - The rounds, National Rugby League - Points and ladder, National Rugby League - Finals series, National Rugby League - NRL Premiers, National Rugby League - External link Read more here: » National Rugby League: Encyclopedia II - National Rugby League - History of the NRL |
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