1375

1375 - Events. October 24 - Valdemar IV of Denmark dies and is succeeded by his grandson Olaf III of Denmark. 1375 - Births. Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge (approximate date; d.1415) Nicolas Grenon, French composer (approximate date; d. 1456) Lan Kham Deng, King of Lan Xang 1416-1428 (d. 1428) 1375 - Deaths. July 5 - Charles III of Alençon, French archbishop (b. 1337) O ...

Including:

• 1375 - Events
• 1375 - Births
• 1375 - Deaths

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Aspic is a dish in which ingredients are set into a gelatine, jelly-like substance made from a meat stock or consommé. When cooled, stock congeals because of the natural gelatin found in the meat. The stock can be clarified with egg whites, and then filled and flavored just before the aspic sets. Almost any type of food can be set into aspics. Most common are meat pieces, fruits, or vegetables. Aspics are usually served on cold plates so that the gel will not melt before being eaten. A meat jelly that in ...

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After the Armenian Apostolic Church, along with the rest of Oriental Orthodoxy formally broke off communion from the Chalcedonian churches, numerous Armenian bishops made attempts to restore communion with the Catholic Church. In 1195 during the Crusades, the church of the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia entered into a union with the Catholic Church which lasted until Cilicia was conquered by Tatars in 1375. The union was later re-established during the council of Florence in 1439, but did not have any real effects until the year 1740, wh ...

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The Armenians are a nation and an ethnic group, originating in the Caucasus and eastern Asia Minor. A large concentration remain there, especially in Armenia, but almost as many are scattered elsewhere throughout the world (see Armenian Diaspora). Russia: 2–2.5 million 2 est. Georgia: 248,900–400,0004 est. United States: 385,488 (2000 census) — 1 million est. 3 France: 250,000 6 est. Iran: 200,000^Including:

• Armenians - History
• Armenians - Geographic distribution
• Armenians - Culture
• Armenians - Language
• Armenians - Religion
• Armenians - Institutions
• Armenians - Classification

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Benedict XIII, born Pedro Martínez de Luna, (b. Illueca, Aragon, 1328; d. Peñíscola, near Valencia, 1423) was an Aragonese, and is considered by many Roman Catholics an Antipope. Pedro de Luna was born at Illueca in Aragon (part of modern Spain) in 1328. He belonged to the de Luna family, who were part of the Spanish noblility. He studied law at the University of Montpellier, where he obtained his doctorate and later taught canon law. His knowledge of canon law, noble lineage and austere way of life won him the approval of Pope Gregory XI, who appointed de Luna to the position o ...

Including:

• Avignon Pope Benedict XIII - Sources

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The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican people of central Mexico in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. They were a civilization with a rich mythology and cultural heritage. Their capital was Tenochtitlan, built on raised islets in Lake Texcoco – the site of modern-day Mexico City. Aztec - Terminology. In Nahuatl, the native language of the 'Aztec', "Azteca" means "someone who comes from Aztlán", a mythical place in northern Mexico. However, the Aztec referred to themselves as Mexica (IPA Including:

• Aztec - Terminology
• Aztec - Legends and traditions
• Aztec - Rise of the Aztecs
• Aztec - The Empire
• Aztec - Aztec society
• Aztec - Class structure
• Aztec - Slavery
• Aztec - Recreation
• Aztec - Tenochtitlan
• Aztec - Education
• Aztec - Diet
• Aztec - Human sacrifice
• Aztec - Poetry
• Aztec - Downfall
• Aztec - Sources

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An emperor is a (male) monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress is the feminine form and can either be the wife of an emperor or a woman being an imperial monarch herself. Emperors are generally recognised to be above kings in honour and rank. Emperor Akihito of Japan is the world's only reigning emperor. the last imperial monarch in europe was the King-Emperor George VI who ruled as Emperor of India Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of ...

Including:

• Emperor - Distinction between Emperor and other types of monarch
• Emperor - Imperium maius
• Emperor - Historical development
• Emperor - Europe
• Emperor - The Americas
• Emperor - Africa
• Emperor - Asia
• Emperor - Persian tradition
• Emperor - Pre-Columbian American traditions
• Emperor - Other traditions
• Emperor - Lists of emperors
• Emperor - Emperors of traditional empires
• Emperor - Emperors of short-lived 'empires'
• Emperor - Self-proclaimed emperors
• Emperor - Fictional emperors
• Emperor - Notes
• Emperor - Trivia

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Wōkòu (Chinese: 倭寇; Japanese pronunciation: wakō; Korean pronunciation: 왜구 waegu) were pirates who raided the coastlines of China and Korea from the 13th century onwards. They were comprised largely of Japanese soldiers, ronin and merchants, and later also of Chinese bandits and smugglers. The early phase of Wokou activity began in the 13th century and extended to the second half of the 14th century. Japanese pirates concentrated on the Korean peninsula and spread across the Yellow Sea to China. The sec ...

Including:

• Wokou - Kamakura period
• Wokou - Nanboku-cho period
• Wokou - Ming Dynasty tribute system
• Wokou - Later Wokou raids
• Wokou - Zhu Wan
• Wokou - Wang Zhi
• Wokou - Decline of the Wokou

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British literature is literature from the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands. The largest part of this literature is written in the English language, but there are also separate literatures in the Welsh language, Scottish Gaelic, Scots and other languages. Northern Ireland is the only part of Ireland still part of the United Kingdom and it possesses literature in English, Ulster Scots and Irish. Irish writers have also played an important part in the development of English-language literature. Britis ...

Including:

• British literature - Old Celtic literature
• British literature - Old English literature
• British literature - Late medieval literature in England
• British literature - Other medieval literatures
• British literature - Early modern English literature to 1660
• British literature - English language literature from 1660 to the late 18th century
• British literature - Non English language literatures from the 16th century to the 19th century
• British literature - 19th century English language literature
• British literature - The Romantics
• British literature - The 19th century novel
• British literature - Victorian poets
• British literature - Ireland
• British literature - Wales
• British literature - Scotland
• British literature - English language literature since 1900
• British literature - Non English language literatures since 1900
• British literature - Literary prizes

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Viterbo is an ancient town and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of Viterbo province. It is approximately 100 kilometers (60 mi) north of Rome on the Via Cassia, and it is surrounded by the Monti Cimini and Monti Volsini. Apart from agriculture, the main resources of Viterbo's area are pottery, marble and wood. The town also hosts the Italian gold reserves, an important Academy of Fine Arts, the University of Tuscia and is located in a wide thermal area attracting many tourist from the whole c ...

Including:

• Viterbo - History
• Viterbo - Landmarks
• Viterbo - Patron Saints
• Viterbo - La Macchina di Santa Rosa
• Viterbo - Stampate

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The Brethren of the Free Spirit (Brüder und Schwestern des Freien Geistes) was a medieval heretical pantheistic movement. The movement was condemned by Pope Clement V at the Council of Vienne (1311). The beginnings of medieval pantheistic Christian theology lie in the early 13th century, with theologians at Paris such as David of Dinant and Amalric of Bena (died 1207), as well as Ortlieb of Strassburg and was ...

Including:

• Brethren of the Free Spirit - Literature

Read more here: » Brethren of the Free Spirit: Encyclopedia - Brethren of the Free Spirit

The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India. The sultanate was founded in 1347 by the Turkish governor Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, who revolted against the Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq. His revolt was successful, and he established an independent state on Deccan out of the Delhi Sultanate's southern provinces. The Bahmani capital was Ahsanabad (Gulbarga) between 1347 and about 1425, when it was moved to Muhammadabad (Bidar). The Bahmani contested for control of the Deccan with the Hindu Vijayanagara e ...

Including:

• Bahmani Sultanate - List of Bahmani Sultans

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Giovanni Boccaccio (June 16, 1313 – December 21, 1375) was an Italian author and poet, a friend and correspondent of Petrarch, an important Renaissance humanist in his own right and author of a number of notable works including On Famous Women, the Decameron and his poems in the vernacular. Boccaccio's characters are notable for their era in that they are realistic, spirited and clever individuals who are grounded in reality (in contradiction to the characters of his contemporaries, who were more concerned with the Med ...

Including:

• Giovanni Boccaccio - Biography
• Giovanni Boccaccio - Bibliography

Read more here: » Giovanni Boccaccio: Encyclopedia - Giovanni Boccaccio

June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. June 16 - Events. 1487 - Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses 1586 - Mary Queen of Scots recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir 1745 - British troops take Cape Breton Island, which is now part of Nova Scotia, Canada 1745 - Sir William Pepperell captures the French Fortress Louisbourg in Louisbourg, N ...

Including:

• June 16 - Events
• June 16 - Births
• June 16 - Deaths
• June 16 - Holidays and observances

Read more here: » June 16: Encyclopedia - June 16

Diamond is one of the two best known forms (or allotropes) of carbon, whose hardness and high dispersion of light make it useful for industrial applications and jewelry (the other equally well known allotrope is graphite). Diamonds are specifically renowned as a mineral with superlative physical qualities - they make excellent abrasives because they can only be scratched by other diamonds, which also means they hold a polish extremely well and retain luster. About 130 million carats (26,000 kg) are mined annually ...

Including:

• Diamond - Material properties
• Diamond - Mechanical properties
• Diamond - Electromagnetic properties
• Diamond - Media
• Diamond - Natural history
• Diamond - Formation
• Diamond - Surfacing
• Diamond - Gemological characteristics
• Diamond - Carat
• Diamond - Clarity
• Diamond - Color
• Diamond - Cut
• Diamond - Cleaning
• Diamond - History
• Diamond - Record-holding diamonds
• Diamond - The diamond industry
• Diamond - Gem diamond industry
• Diamond - Industrial diamond industry
• Diamond - Diamond supply chain
• Diamond - Synthetics simulants and enhancements
• Diamond - Symbolism

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December 21 is the 355th day of the year (356th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 10 days remaining. December 21 - Events. 69 - Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian becomes the fourth Emperor of Rome within a year. 1620 - Plymouth Colony: William Bradford and the Mayflower Pilgrims land on what is now known as Plymouth Rock in Plymouth, Massachusetts. 1861 - Medal of Honor: Public Resolution ...

Including:

• December 21 - Events
• December 21 - Births
• December 21 - Deaths
• December 21 - Holidays and observances

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For other uses, see 1313 (number). 1313 - Events. Siege of Rostock ends 1313 - Births. June 16 - Giovanni Boccaccio, Italian writer (died 1375) August 1 - Emperor Kogon of Japan (died 1364) August 13 - Aradia de Toscano, female messianic figure in Italian witchcraft Bartolus de Saxoferrato, Italian law professor (died 1357) 1313 - Deaths. August 24 - Henry ...

Including:

• 1313 - Events
• 1313 - Births
• 1313 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1313: Encyclopedia - 1313

Kerala School - Narayana Pandit c. 1340-1400. Narayana Pandit, the earliest of the notable Keralese mathematicians, is known to have definitely written two works, an arithmetical treatise called Ganita Kaumudi and an algebraic treatise called Bijganita Vatamsa. He was strongly influenced by the work of Bhaskara II, which proves work from the classic period was known to Keralese mathematicians and was thus influential in the continued progress of the subject. Due to this influence Narayana is also th ...

See also:

Kerala School, Kerala School - Keralese Mathematicians, Kerala School - Narayana Pandit c. 1340-1400, Kerala School - Madhava of Sangamagramma 1340-1425, Kerala School - Parameshvara c. 1370-1460, Kerala School - Nilakantha Somayaji 1444-1544, Kerala School - Jyesthadeva c. 1500-1575, Kerala School - Sankara Varman Early 1800s, Kerala School - Possible transmission of Keralese mathematics to Europe

Read more here: » Kerala School: Encyclopedia II - Kerala School - Keralese Mathematicians

Queen regnant - Kingdom of Scotland/Kingdom of England/Kingdom of Great Britain/United Kingdom/Commonwealth Realms. Matilda (or Maud) of England (never reigned 1141) – deposed. Styled herself "Lady of the English." She was named heir by her father upon securing the loyalty of nobles of the realm, but Count Stephen of Blois contradicted his promise after the king's death and made himself King of England instead of Maud/Matilda. Civil war ensued and was ended when the crown was secured to Maud/Matilda's son ...

See also:

Queen regnant, Queen regnant - List of queens regnant, Queen regnant - Kingdom of Scotland/Kingdom of England/Kingdom of Great Britain/United Kingdom/Commonwealth Realms, Queen regnant - The Netherlands, Queen regnant - Sweden, Queen regnant - Denmark, Queen regnant - Spain/Castile, Queen regnant - Portugal, Queen regnant - Austria Hungary and Bohemia, Queen regnant - Ancient Egypt, Queen regnant - Russia

Read more here: » Queen regnant: Encyclopedia II - Queen regnant - List of queens regnant

Chinese nationalist rule began in October 1945 after the end of World War II. During the immediate postwar period, the Nationalist Chinese Kuomintang (KMT) administration on Taiwan was repressive and extremely corrupt compared with the previous Japanese rule, leading to local discontent. Anti-mainlander violence flared on February 28, 1947, prompted by an incident in which a cigarette seller was injured and a passerby was accidently shot dead by Nationalist authorities. For several weeks after the February 28 Incident the rebels held ...

See also:

History of Taiwan, History of Taiwan - Prehistoric Settlement, History of Taiwan - Early History, History of Taiwan - European Settlement, History of Taiwan - Koxinga and Imperial Chinese Rule, History of Taiwan - Japanese Rule, History of Taiwan - Republic of China, History of Taiwan - Economic Developments, History of Taiwan - Democratic Reforms, History of Taiwan - Historical Controversy

Read more here: » History of Taiwan: Encyclopedia II - History of Taiwan - Republic of China