1304

1304 - Events. 20 July - Fall of Stirling Castle: Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold in the Wars of Scottish Independence. James II of Aragon reconquers Villena, Spain. Holland and Zeeland are occupied by duke John II of Brabant and Guy of Dampierre. Count John II recovers the counties. 1304 - Births. February 24 - Ibn Battuta, Moroccan jurist July 20 - Petrarch, Italian poet (died 1374) William de Clinton, ...

Including:

• 1304 - Events
• 1304 - Births
• 1304 - Deaths

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1247 - Events. Shams ad-Din disappears resulting in Jalal Uddin Rumi writing 30,000 verses of poetry about his disappearance. Romford, London, England is chartered as a market town. Bedlam becomes part of London. Thuringian War of Succession begins. Ch'in Chiu-Shao publishes the original form of the Chinese remainder theorem. Pope Innocent IV sends missionaries to attempt to convert the Mongols. Egypt takes control of Jerusalem from the Kharezmians. ...

Including:

• 1247 - Events
• 1247 - Births
• 1247 - Deaths

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1231 - Events. Ardengus becomes bishop of Florence. Emperor Frederick II promulgates the Constitutions of Melfi (also known as Liber Augustalis), a collection of laws for Sicily. Llywelyn the Great launches a campaign against the Norman lordships in Wales. 1231 - Births. March 17 - Emperor Shijō of Japan (died 1242) Guo Shoujing, Chinese astronomer and mathematician John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey (died 1304)Including:

• 1231 - Events
• 1231 - Births
• 1231 - Deaths

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The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The First War (1296–1328) began with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296, and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328. The Second War (1332–1357) began with the English supported invasion of Edward Balliol and the 'Disinherited' in 1332, and ended around 1357 with the signing of the Treaty of Berwick. The wars were part of a grea ...

Including:

• Wars of Scottish Independence - The First War of Independence: 1296-1328
• Wars of Scottish Independence - Background to the war: 1286-92
• Wars of Scottish Independence - Beginning of the war: 1296–1306
• Wars of Scottish Independence - King Robert the Bruce: 1306–1314
• Wars of Scottish Independence - From Bannockburn to Edinburgh-Northampton: 1314–1328
• Wars of Scottish Independence - The Second War of Independence: 1332–1357

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For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. 1271 - Events. 1271 - Europe. July 2 - Kings Otakar II of Bohemia and Stephen V of Hungary sign the first Peace of Pressburg, settling territorial claims following the failed invasion of Hungary by Otakar II. September 1 - Pope Gregory X is elected pope by compromise between French and Italian cardinals, ending a three-year conclave, the longest ever. The County of Toulouse is returned to the cro ...

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• 1271 - Events
• 1271 - Europe
• 1271 - North Africa and the Middle East
• 1271 - Asia
• 1271 - Births
• 1271 - Deaths

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Alicante (Castillian Spanish) or Alacant (Valencian Catalan) is the capital of the province of Alicante and of the comarca of the Alacantí, in the southern part of the Land of Valencia, Spain, a historic Mediterranean port. The population of the city of Alicante proper was 319,380, estimated as of 2005, of the entire urban area, 427,217. Population of the metropolitan area (including satellite towns) was 711,215 as of 2005 estimates, ranking as ...

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• Alicante - Population
• Alicante - History
• Alicante - Famous citizens

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The Renaissance, also known as "Il Rinascimento" (in Italian), was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution, religious reform and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. It marks the transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and the start of the Modern Age. The Renaissance is usually considered to have originated in the 14th century in northern Italy and begun in the late 15th century in northern Europe. Renaissance - Historiograph ...

Including:

• Renaissance - Historiography
• Renaissance - Multiple Renaissances
• Renaissance - Critical views
• Renaissance - Start of the Renaissance
• Renaissance - Italian Renaissance
• Renaissance - Northern Renaissance

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August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining. August 22 - Events. 1485 - The Battle of Bosworth Field decisively ends the Wars of the Roses 1559 - Bartholome de Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy 1642 - Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors. Beginning of the English Civil War 1654 - Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first Jewish immi ...

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• August 22 - Events
• August 22 - Births
• August 22 - Deaths
• August 22 - Holidays and observances

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August 17 is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 136 days remaining. August 17 - Events. 1427 - First band of gypsies visits Paris, according to an account of the citizen of Paris 1807 - Robert Fulton's first American steamboat leaves New York City for Albany, New York on the Hudson River, inaugurating the first commercial steamboat service in the world. 1850 - Argentine's War of Independence hero, Genera ...

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• August 17 - Events
• August 17 - Births
• August 17 - Deaths

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William III of Avesnes (1286 – June 7, 1337) was count William I of Hainaut, count William III of Holland and count William II of Zeeland from 1304 to his death, succeeding his father, John II. Before becoming count, he was defeated by Guy of Namur at the battle on the island of Duiveland in 1304. Guy and duke John II of Brabant then conquered most of Zeeland and Holland, but these territories were recovered again when william became the new count in the same year. William continued the war with Flanders until the peace of Paris i ...

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Patan is a city in Gujarat state of western India. It is the administrative seat of Patan District. Patan Gujarat - History. Patan is an ancient fortified town, founded in 746 by Vanraj Chavda, the most prominent king of the Chavda Kingdom. He named the city Anhilpur Patan after his close friend and Prime Minister Anhil. The city was also known as Anhilwara in the Middle Ages. Patan enjoyed a privileged status of capital of Gujarat, for about 600 years from 746 to 1411. The major Rajpu ...

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• Patan Gujarat - History
• Patan Gujarat - Current

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August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). There are 127 days remaining. August 26 - Events. 55 BC - Julius Caesar invades Britain 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Empire at Manzikert 1278 - Ladislaus IV of Hungary and Rudolph I of Germany defeat Premysl Ottokar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfield near Dürnkrut in Moravia. 1346 - Hundred Years' War: The militar ...

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• August 26 - Events
• August 26 - Births
• August 26 - Deaths
• August 26 - Holidays and observances

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Algeria: 7,500,000 Tunisia:    200,000 Libya:    250,000+ Mauretania:    80,000 Egypt:    10,000 France:    1,000,000 Spain:    50,000 Israel:    50,000   Semitic The Berbers (also called Imazighen, "free men", singular Amazigh) are an ethnic group indigenous to Northwest Africa, speaking the Berber languages of the Afro ...

Including:

• Berber - Origin
• Berber - Genetic evidence
• Berber - Archaeological
• Berber - Linguistic
• Berber - Phenotype and genotype by region
• Berber - Coastal Northwest Africans
• Berber - Northwest Africans of the interior
• Berber - Saharan Northwest Africans
• Berber - Religions and beliefs
• Berber - History
• Berber - Berbers and the Islamic conquest
• Berber - Berbers in Al-Andalus
• Berber - Modern-day Berbers
• Berber - The Arabization of Northwest Africa
• Berber - Famous Berbers
• Berber - In ancient times
• Berber - In medieval times
• Berber - In modern times
• Berber - Famous people who were either Berber or Punic
• Berber - Famous people who may have had some Berber ancestors

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This is a List of poisonings in alphabetical order of victim. It also includes confirmed attempted and fictional poisonings. Many of the people listed here committed or attempted to commit suicide by poison; others were poisoned by others. List of poisonings - Confirmed poisonings. Adolf Hitler (d. 1945) cyanide and gunshot simultaneously before capture Alan Turing (d. 1954), British mathematician Alan III, Duke of Brittany (d. 1040) Alphonse I, Count of Toulouse (d. 1148)Including:

• List of poisonings - Confirmed poisonings
• List of poisonings - Attempted poisonings
• List of poisonings - Possible poisonings
• List of poisonings - Fictional poisonings
• List of poisonings - Notorious poisoners

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For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. 1255 - Events. 1255 - Europe. August - The final Cathar stronghold in southern France falls, eliminating the last refuge of the heretical Cathars after the Roman Catholic Church engaged in a program to crush the sect, starting in 1209 with the Albigensian Crusade. The death of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln prompts persecution of Jews in England on accusations of blood libel. ...

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• 1255 - Events
• 1255 - Europe
• 1255 - Asia
• 1255 - Births
• 1255 - Deaths

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1346 - Births. Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel (died 1397) Philip I, Duke of Burgundy (died 1361) Eustache Deschamps, French poet (died 1405) John I, Duke of Lorraine (died 1390) 1346 - Deaths. August 26 - Killed in the Battle of Crécy: Charles II of Alençon (b. 1297) Louis I of Flanders (born 1304) John I, Count of Luxemburg (born 1296) Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine (born 1320) Including:

• 1346 - Events
• 1346 - Births
• 1346 - Deaths

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1349 is a Norwegian black metal band; see 1349 (band). 1349 - Births. September 9 - Duke Albert III of Austria (died 1395) 1349 - Deaths. May 31 - Thomas Wake, English politician (born 1297) August 26 - Thomas Bradwardine, Archbishop of Canterbury September 11 - Bonne of Luxembourg, queen of John II of France (born 1315) Agnès of Valois, daughter of John II of France (born 1345) Joan ...

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• 1349 - Events
• 1349 - Births
• 1349 - Deaths

Read more here: » 1349: Encyclopedia - 1349

Centuries: 13th century - 14th century - 15th century Decades: 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s - 1300s - 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s Years: 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 Events and Trends MARF Category: 1300s ...

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1243 - Births. June 28 - Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan (died 1304) September 2 - Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Hertford, English politician (died 1295) James II of Majorca (died 1311) Valdemar I of Sweden (died 1302) 1243 - Deaths. May 12 - Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent 1243 - Monarchs/Presidents. Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276)Including:

• 1243 - Events
• 1243 - Births
• 1243 - Deaths
• 1243 - Monarchs/Presidents

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The Byzantine Empire had a complex system of aristocracy and bureaucracy. Most of the offices and titles were honorifics only, as the emperor was the sole ruler. Over the more than 1000 years of the empire's existence, different titles were adopted and discarded, and many lost or gained prestige. At first the various titles of the empire were the same as those in the late Roman Empire, as the Byzantine Empire was not yet distinguished from Rome. By the time of Heraclius in the 7th century many of the titles had become obsolete; by the time o ...

Including:

• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Aristocratic titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Imperial titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Court titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Military titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Army
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Navy
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Other military titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Administrative titles
• Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy - Sources

Read more here: » Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy: Encyclopedia - Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy