129 BC

Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 134 BC 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC 130 BC - 129 BC - 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC 125 BC 124 BC Events Kingdom of Pergamon, including Hierapolis, becomes the Roman Province of Asia upon death of last Attalid king, Attalos III, and after the defeat of the pretender Aristonicus by P. Licinius Crassus, with Cappadocian assistance. ...

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De re publica is a dialogue by Cicero, written in six books between 54 and 51 BC. It is written in the format of a Socratic dialogue; that is to say, Scipio Africanus Minor (who had died a few decades before Cicero was born) takes the role of a wise old man — an obligatory part for the genre. The dialogue is imagined as taking place between Romans, several centuries after Socrates' death. Cicero's treatise was politically controversial — by choosing the format of a philosophical dialogue, Cicero avoided naming his political ...

Including:

• De re publica - Setting and dramatis personæ
• De re publica - Setting
• De re publica - Participants
• De re publica - What's in a title
• De re publica - Cicero and Plato
• De re publica - English translations of the title of Cicero's De re publica
• De re publica - Content
• De re publica - A brief summary of each book
• De re publica - Bibliography

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Antioch on the Orontes (Greek Αντιοχεια ἡ επι Δαφνη) is located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 20 miles from the sea and its port, Seleucia of Pieria (Suedia, now Samandagi). It was founded as a Greek city near the end of the 4th century BC by Seleucus I Nicator, who made it the capital of his empire in Syria. Seleucus I had served as one of Alexander the Great's generals, and the name Antiochus occu ...

Including:

• Antioch - Geography
• Antioch - History of Antioch
• Antioch - Prehistory
• Antioch - Hellenistic age
• Antioch - Roman period
• Antioch - Early Christian-Byzantine period
• Antioch - Archaeology

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The Arsacid Dynasty ruled Persia. Their realm is also called Parthia, which included the Iranian plateau and intermittently Mesopotamia, from 253 BC until their overthrow by the Sassanid Dynasty in AD 226. At certain times Arsacid Kings also ruled over Armenia. Arsacid Dynasty - Historical Background. After the conquest of the Persian Empire by Alexander III, king of Macedonia, Iran became in a constant conflict between the Iranian traditions and the Hellenistic way of life, between civic life and oriental ...

Including:

• Arsacid Dynasty - Historical Background
• Arsacid Dynasty - The birth of an Empire
• Arsacid Dynasty - Arsacid Parthian Kings of Persia 250 BC - AD 226
• Arsacid Dynasty - Reference

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(2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium) 2nd century BC - Events. 175 BC - Antiochus IV Epiphanes, took possession of the Syrian throne, at the murder of his brother Seleucus IV Philopator, which rightly belonged to his nephew Demetrius I Soter. 168 BC - Battle of Pydna - The Macedonian phalanx defeated by Romans 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Events commemorated each year by the fe ...

Including:

• 2nd century BC - Events
• 2nd century BC - Significant persons
• 2nd century BC - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 2nd century BC - Decades and years

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The Seleucid Empire was one of several political states founded after the death of Alexander the Great, whose generals squabbled over the division of Alexander's empire. There were over 30 kings of the Seleucid dynasty from 323 to 60 BC. Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC. Alexander the Great had conquered the Persian Empire within a short time-frame and died young, leaving an expansive empire of partly Hellenized culture without adult heir. Therefore his generals ...

Including:

• Seleucid Empire - The partition of Alexander's empire 323-281 BC
• Seleucid Empire - An overextended domain
• Seleucid Empire - Greco-Bactrian secession 250 BC
• Seleucid Empire - Parthian secession 250 BC
• Seleucid Empire - Eclipse and revival
• Seleucid Empire - The power of Rome and renewed disintegration
• Seleucid Empire - Civil war and further decay
• Seleucid Empire - Collapse of the Seleucid Empire
• Seleucid Empire - Seleucid rulers
• Seleucid Empire - In modern media

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The Xiongnu (Chinese: 匈奴; Hanyu Pinyin: Xiōngnú; Wade-Giles: Hsiung-nu) were a nomadic (and probably Hunnic/proto-Bulgar) people of Central Asia, generally based in present day Mongolia. From the 3rd century BC they controlled a vast steppe empire extending west as far as the Caucasus. They were active in the areas of southern Siberia, western Manchuria and the modern Chinese provinces of Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang. Very anci ...

Including:

• Xiongnu - Origins and early history of the Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - Confederation under Maodun
• Xiongnu - Nature of the Xiongnu state
• Xiongnu - The marriage treaty system
• Xiongnu - War with Han China
• Xiongnu - Leadership struggle among the Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - Tributary relations with the Han
• Xiongnu - Northern and southern Xiongnu
• Xiongnu - The Xiongnu after the Han Dynasty
• Xiongnu - Did the Xiongnu become the Huns?
• Xiongnu - Footnotes

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The Han Dynasty (Traditional: 漢朝; Simplified: 汉朝; Hanyu Pinyin: Hàn cháo;; Wade-Giles: Han Ch'au; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The dynasty was founded by the Liu family. Han Dynasty - Importance. The Chinese people consider the Han Dynasty to be one of the greatest periods in the entire history of China. As a result, the members of th ...

Including:

• Han Dynasty - Importance
• Han Dynasty - The Emergence
• Han Dynasty - Taoism and Feudal System
• Han Dynasty - Emperor Wu and Confucianism
• Han Dynasty - Beginning of the Silk Road
• Han Dynasty - Rise of landholding class
• Han Dynasty - Interruption of Han rule
• Han Dynasty - Rise and Fall of Eastern Han Dynasty
• Han Dynasty - Sovereigns of Han Dynasty

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC - 130s BC - 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC Years: 137 BC 136 BC 135 BC 134 BC 133 BC - 132 BC - 131 BC 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC Events The First Servile War ends when Publius Rupilius quelled the rebellion The assassination of Tiberius Gracchus, which many historians marked as the beginning of the end of t ...

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Eumenes III (originally named Aristonicus) was the pretender to the throne of Pergamon. When the Pergamene king Attalos III died in 133 BC, he bequeathed his kingdom to the Romans. Because the Romans were slow in securing their claim, Aristonicus, the illegitimate son of the earlier Pergamene king Eumenes II, filled the power vacuum, claiming the throne and taking the dynastic name Eumenes. At first he tried to gain support by promising freedom to the Greek cities of the coast. When this failed he sought support i ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC - 130s BC - 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC Years: 136 BC 135 BC 134 BC 133 BC 132 BC - 131 BC - 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC Events Aristonicus of Pergamon leads an uprising against Rome, and consul Publius Licinius Crassus Mucianius is killed in the fighting. The Roman censor Quintus Metellus Macedonicus attempts to remove the tribune Gaius Atinius La ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC 130 BC 129 BC - 128 BC - 127 BC 126 BC 125 BC 124 BC 123 BC Events The Greco-Bactrian kingdom is overrun by the Tocharians and renamed Tocharistan. Cn. Octavius and T. Annius Rufus are this years consuls Limenius composes the Second Delphic Hymn Artabanus I becomes King of Parthia ( ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 131 BC 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC - 126 BC - 125 BC 124 BC 123 BC 122 BC 121 BC Events Tyre successfully revolts from the Seleucid Empire. Seleucus V Philometor succeeds his father Demetrius II as king of the Seleucid Empire. Due to his youth, his stepmother Cleopatra Thea acts as regent.

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC - 130s BC - 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC Years: 139 BC 138 BC 137 BC 136 BC 135 BC - 134 BC - 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC 130 BC 129 BC Events Scipio Aemilianus, victor of Carthage, takes command in Spain against the Numantians John Hyrcanus becomes High Priest and king of Judea following the murder of his father Simon Maccabaeus by Ptolemy the son of Abubus. Hipparchus discovers the precession of the equinoxes Hipparchus creates ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC - 125 BC - 124 BC 123 BC 122 BC 121 BC 120 BC 125 BC - Events. Cleopatra Thea succeeds to the rule of the Seleucid Empire on the death of Seleucus V. She appoints Antiochus VIII Grypus as co-ruler. In Rome, Marcus Fulvius Flaccus proposes the extension of Roman ...

Including:

• 125 BC - Events
• 125 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC - 130s BC - 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC Years: 135 BC 134 BC 133 BC 132 BC 131 BC - 130 BC - 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC 126 BC 125 BC Births Deaths Pacuvius, tragic poet, died in Tarentum Events Category: 130 BC ...

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While already the Latin version of the title of this work is given in two versions (De re publica and De republica), depending on source, the translation of the title of this work knows even more variants, often indicating the stance of the translator: since the expression "res publica" (appearing in a deflection in the title of this work) later evolved, with some shifts of meaning, to republic, or a similar term in many languages, there is no general consensus over the interpretation of the connotations implied by these expressions. ...

See also:

De re publica, De re publica - Setting and dramatis personæ, De re publica - Setting, De re publica - Participants, De re publica - What's in a title, De re publica - Cicero and Plato, De re publica - English translations of the title of Cicero's De re publica, De re publica - Content, De re publica - A brief summary of each book, De re publica - Bibliography

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Yuánguāng(元光) Yuánshuò (元朔) Yuánshòu (元狩) Yuándǐng (元鼎) Yuánfēng (元封) Tàichū (太初) Tiānhàn (天漢) Tàishǐ (太始) Zhēnghé (征和) 134 BC – 129 BC 128 BC – 123 BC 122 BC – 117 BC 116 BC – 111 BC 110 BC – 105 BC 104 BC – 101 BC 100 BC – 97 BC 96 BC – 93 BC 92 BC – 89 BC Yuánfèng (元鳳) 80 BC – 75 BC Dìjié (地節) Yuánkāng (元康) Shénjué (神 ...

See also:

Table of Chinese monarchs, Table of Chinese monarchs - Xia Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Shang Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Zhou Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Qin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Han Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Three Kingdoms Period, Table of Chinese monarchs - Jin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sixteen Kingdoms Period, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sovereignties established by Wu Hu, Table of Chinese monarchs - Northern and Southern Dynasties, Table of Chinese monarchs - Sui Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Tang Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Table of Chinese monarchs - Independent Regimes during Ten Kingdoms, Table of Chinese monarchs - Liao Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Song Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Western Xia, Table of Chinese monarchs - Jin Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Yuan Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Ming dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Shun Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Southern Ming Dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Qing dynasty, Table of Chinese monarchs - Taiping Rebellion, Table of Chinese monarchs - Yuan Shikai's Chinese Empire

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From their beginnings in Sumer (now Iraq) around 3500 BC the Mesopotamian peoples began to attempt to record some observations of the world with extremely thorough quantitative and numerical data. But their observations and measurements were seemingly taken for purposes other than for scientific laws. A concrete instance of Pythagoras' law was recorded, as early as the 18th century BC: the Mesopotamian cuneiform tablet Plimpton 232 records a number of Pythagorean triplets (3,4,5) (5,12,13). ..., dated 1900 BC, possibly millennia before Pythagoras1, ...

See also:

History of science in early cultures, History of science in early cultures - Mesopotamia, History of science in early cultures - Indic, History of science in early cultures - Egyptian, History of science in early cultures - Greek science, History of science in early cultures - Græco-Roman, History of science in early cultures - Persia, History of science in early cultures - China, History of science in early cultures - Korea, History of science in early cultures - Maya, History of science in early cultures - Notes

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The Thracian Chersonese was originally inhabited by Thracians. Settlers from Ancient Greece, mainly of Ionian and Aeolian stock, founded about 12 cities on the peninsula in the 7th century BC. 4 The Athenian statesman Miltiades the Elder founded a major Athenian colony there around 560 BC. He took authority over the entire peninsula, building up its defences against incursions from the mainland. It eventually passed to his nephew, the more famous Miltiades the Younger, around 524 BC. The peninsula was abandoned to the Persians in 493 BC after the out ...

See also:

Thracian Chersonese, Thracian Chersonese - History, Thracian Chersonese - Towns and economy, Thracian Chersonese - Notes

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