For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1260 - Events. 1260 - Europe. September 4 - The Senese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeats the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti. King Otakar II of Bohemia captures Styria from King Bela IV of Hungary in the Battle of Kressenbrunn. The Baltic Samogitians and Curonians defeat the Teutonic knights in the Battle of Durbe. The Duchy of Saxony is div ...

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1260s - Europe. 1260 - The Baltic Samogatians and Curonians defeat the Teutonic knights in the Battle of Durbe. 1263 - October - King Alexander III of Scotland defeats the Viking armada of King Haakon IV of Norway in the Battle of Largs. 1263 - The chieftains of the eastern part of Iceland become the last to pledge fealty to the Norwegian king, bringing a more complete end to the Icelandic Commonwealth and the Icelandic civil war. 1266 - The war between Scotland an ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1260 - Events. September 4 - The Senese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeats the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti. King Otakar II of Bohemia captures Styria from King Bela IV of Hungary in the Battle of Kressenbrunn. The Baltic Samogitians and Curonians defeat the Teutonic knights in the Battle of Durbe. The Duchy of Saxony is divided into Saxony-Lauenberg and Saxon ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1261 - Events. January - Pope bans the movement of Flagellants. July 25 - Critical event - The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Michael VIII Palaeologus, thus re-establishing the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines also succeed in capturing Thessalonica and the rest of the Latin Empire. August 29 - Urban IV becomes Pope, the last man to do so without being a Cardinal first. ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1262 - Events. King Mindaugas of Lithuania renounces Christianity, returning to his pagan roots and reverting to Grand Duke of Lithuania. The Icelandic Commonwealth enters into a treaty establishing a union with Norway and acknowledges Norwegian King Haakon IV as its ruler. Strasbourg becomes an Imperial Free City of the Holy Roman Empire. King Henry III of England obtains a papal bull releasing him from the Provisi ...

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Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1170s 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s - 1220s - 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s Years: 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 See also: 1222 state leaders 1222 - Events. Foundation of the University of Padua Completion of the Cistercian convent in Alcobaca, Portugal Eric XI becomes King of Sweden Premysl Ottokar I reunites Bohemia and Moravia ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1263 - Events. 1263 - War and politics. October - King Alexander III of Scotland defeats the Viking armada of King Haakon IV of Norway in the Battle of Largs. King James I of Aragon conquers Crevillente, Spain from the Moors during the Reconquista. Mindaugas, the only Christian king of Lithuania, is assassinated by his cousin Treniota. The chieftains of the eastern part of Iceland become ...

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1260s - Science literature and industry. 1260 - Jacobus de Voragine compiles his work, the Golden Legend, a late medieval best-seller. 1265 - The Book of Aneirin, a Welsh manuscript of poetry, is penned. 1265 - The brewing of Budweiser Budvar beer begins in Bohemia (now part of the Czech Republic); Budweiser Budvar has been produced continuously there to this day. 1266 - In France, the gold écu and silver grosh coins are minted for the first time. 1267 - Roger Bac ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1264 - Events. 1264 - Europe. Before May - Second Barons' War, a civil war in England, begins. May 12 to May 14 - The Battle of Lewes of the Second Barons' War is fought between Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester and King Henry III of England in Sussex. By the end of the battle, de Montfort's forces capture both King Henry and his brother, future King Edward I, making de Montfort the "uncrow ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1265 - Events. 1265 - Europe. January 20 - In Westminster, the first elected English parliament (De Montfort's Parliament) conducts its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, now also known as the Houses of Parliament. Before August - Future King Edward I of England escapes captivity in the hands of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. August 4 - The Battle of Evesham of the Sec ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1266 - Events. 1266 - Europe. February 26 - In the Battle of Benevento, an army led by Charles, Count of Anjou, defeats a combined German and Sicilian force led by King Manfred of Sicily. Manfred is killed in the battle and Pope Clement IV invests Charles as king of Sicily and Naples. October - In England, the Second Barons' War winds down as supporters of the slain rebel leader Simon de Montfort make an ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1267 - Events. 1267 - Europe. King Afonso III of Portugal and King Alfonso X of Castile sign a treaty determining the southern border between Portugal and Spain as the Guadiana River, a border that remains to this day. The Second Barons' War in England ends, as the rebels and King Henry III of England agree to peace terms as laid out in the Dictum of Kenilworth. King Henry III of England ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1268 - Events. 1268 - Europe. October 29 - Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Catholic church. King Stephen V of Hungary launches a war against Bulgaria. The county of Wernigerode ...

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For broader historical context, see 1260s and 13th century. 1269 - Events. 1269 - Europe. June 19 - King Louis IX of France orders all Jews found in public without an identifying yellow badge to be fined ten livres of silver. Pélerin de Maricourt first describes magnetic poles and remarks on the nonexistence of isolated magnetic poles. King Otakar II of Bohemia inherits Carinthia and part of Carniola, making him the most powerful prince wit ...

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Centuries: 14th century BC - 13th century BC - 12th century BC Decades: 1300s BC 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC - 1250s BC - 1240s BC 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC 1200s BC 1250s BC - Events and trends. September 7, 1251 BC - A solar eclipse at this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes, Greece. 1250 BCE Wu Ding emporer of Shang Dynasty to 1192 BCE. 1250s BC - Significant people. Wu Ding Shang Dynasty ...

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Centuries: 14th century BC - 13th century BC - 12th century BC Decades: 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC 1240s BC 1230s BC - 1220s BC - 1210s BC 1200s BC 1190s BC 1180s BC 1170s BC 1220s BC - Events and trends. 1221 BC - Pharaoh Merneptah defeats a Libyan invasion 1220s BC - Significant people. 1225 BC - Birth of legendary Helen to King Tyndareus of Sparta and his wife Leda. (estimated date). 1224 BC - Death of Ramses II of Egyp ...

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1240s 1250s 1260s - 1270s - 1280s 1290s 1300s 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287 1288 1289 The 1280s is the decade starting January 1, 1280 and ending December 31, 1289. Europe in the 1280s was marked by naval warfare on the Mediterranean Sea and consolidation of power by the major states. Ongoing struggles over the control of Sicily provoked lengthy naval warfare: after the Sicilian Vespers rebellion, the French Angevins struggled against Aragon for control of the island. King Rudolph I of G ...

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Yuan Dynasty - Establishment of the Yuan. Kublai Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, ascended to the Great Khanate, becoming the supreme leader of all Mongol tribes in 1260. He began his reign with great aspirations and self-confidence — in 1264 he moved the capital of the expansive Mongol Empire to Khanbaliq (Dàdū 大都, present-day Beijing), in recently acquired North China. He began his drive against the Southern Song, establishing, in 1271 — eight years prior to Southern conquest — the first foreign dy ...

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