1238 - Events. In the Iberian peninsula, James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia September 28 from the Moors; the Moors retreat to Granada. Mongols seize Moscow, at that time a small town. Peterborough Cathedral is consecrated. The Khmers are expelled from Luang Phrabang in Laos. The Sukhothai kingdom is founded in Thailand. The seat of the patriarchate of Aquileia is transferred to Udine. Simon de Montfort marries Eleanor, sister of Henry III of ...

Including:

• 1238 - Events
• 1238 - Births
• 1238 - Deaths

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Including:

• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops and Archbishops of Cologne
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Bishops of Colonia Agrippina 88-784
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishops of Cologne 784-1238
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Archbishop-Electors of Cologne 1238-1803
• Archbishopric of Cologne - Modern Archbishops of Cologne 1824-present

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unknown... Abraham II (885-909) unknown... Krikor (981-1006) Arsen (1006-1038) Mesrob (1008) unknown... Simeon (1090-1109) Movses (1109-1133) Esayee (1133-1152) Sahag (1152-1180) Abraham of Jerusalem (1180-1191) Minas (1191-1205) Abraham IV (1215-1218) Arakel (1218-1230) Hovhannes (1230-1238) Garabed of Jerusalem (1238-1254) Hagopos (1254-1281) Sarkis (1281-131 ...

See also:

List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem, List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem - Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem

Read more here: » List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia II - List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem - Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem

Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century Decades: 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s - 1230s - 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s Years: 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 Events and Trends Category: 1230s ...

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Vasudeva, as named by his parents Shri Madhvacharya, named after attaining sainthood Poornapragna, One who knows everything Anandateertha, One who brings joy through his preachings Hanuman Bhima Madhvacharya (1238-1317) was the chief propounder of the Dvaita or dualistic school of Hindu philosophy, one of the three influential Vedanta philosophies. He was one of t ...

Including:

• Madhvacharya - Formative Years
• Madhvacharya - Dvaita Philosophy
• Madhvacharya - Impact of Dvaita Movement
• Madhvacharya - Religious establishments

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Yuriy II (Юрий II), also known as George II of Vladimir or Georgy II Vsevolodovich (1189 - 1238), was the 4th Grand Prince of Vladimir (1212-16, 1218-38) who presided over Vladimir-Suzdal at the time of the Mongol invasion of Russia. The third and best-loved son of Vsevolod III, he first distinguished himself in the battles against Ryazan in 1208. His father wanted Yury to inherit Rostov and his elder brother Konstantin to succeed him in Vladimir. The latter, however, declared that he would rule both towns or nothing at all. Thereupon Vsevolod disinher ...

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Adam Marsh (Adam de Marisco) (ca. 1200 – November 18, 1259), English Franciscan, scholar and theologian, was born about 1200 in the diocese of Bath, and educated at Oxford (Greyfriars) under the famous Grosseteste. Before 1226 Marsh received the benefice of Wearmouth from his uncle, Richard Marsh, bishop of Durham; but between that year and 1230 he entered the Franciscan order. About 1238 he became the lecturer of the Franciscan house at Oxford, and within a few years was regarded by the English province of that order as an intellectual and spiritual leader. Roger Bacon, his pupil, speaks highl ...

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Danylo of Galicia (Ukrainian: Данило Галицький, Danylo Halyts’kyi), (1201-1264) was the 1st King of Galicia, Knyaz of Halych (1205–1206, 1211–1212, 1229–1231, 1233–1235, 1238–1255), Peremyshl (1211), and Volodymyr-Volynsky (1212–1231). He was crowned by a papal archbishop in Dorohychyn 1253/1255 as the 1st King of Galicia (1253–1264). Danylo of Halych - Biography. In 1205, after the death of his father, Roman Mstyslavyc ...

Including:

• Danylo of Halych - Biography
• Danylo of Halych - Family
• Danylo of Halych - Mother
• Danylo of Halych - Father
• Danylo of Halych - Wives
• Danylo of Halych - Brother
• Danylo of Halych - Sisters
• Danylo of Halych - Sons
• Danylo of Halych - Daughters

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King U (born 1363, died 1389) ruled Goryeo (Korea) from 1374 until 1388. U of Goryeo - Cultural background. At the beginning of the eleventh century, Mongol forces had advanced into China and the Korean peninsula, and by the year 1238 Goryeo was fully under Mongol domination and would remain so for the next full century. The Ming Dynasty in China had grown extremely powerful during the 14th century, however, and began to beat back the Mongol armies, so that by the 1350s Goryeo had regained its independence, ...

Including:

• U of Goryeo - Cultural background
• U of Goryeo - Accession to the throne
• U of Goryeo - Diplomatic tensions with China
• U of Goryeo - Revolution

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(Jerusalem lost in 1187; seat of the Patriarch moved to Acre) (Vacant 1191-1194) Aymar the Monk (1194-1202) Soffred (1202-1204) Albert Avogadro (1204-1214) Raoul of Merencourt (1214-1225) Gerald of Lausanne (1225-1238) (Vacant 1238-1240; Jacques de Vitry appointed but never served) Robert of Nantes (1240-1254) Jacques Pantaléon (1255-1261), future Pope Urban IV of Rome William II of Agen (1261-1270) Thomas Agni of Cosenza (1271-1277) ...

See also:

Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem - Crusader patriarchate, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem - Modern patriarchate, Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem - List of Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem

Read more here: » Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia II - Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem - List of Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem

Joan of England (July 22, 1210 – March 4, 1238), was the first legitimate daughter and third child of King John of England and Isabella of Angouleme. Joan married King Alexander II of Scotland on June 21, 1221, at York Minster. He was aged 23, she was 11. They would have no children. Joan died in Essex in 1238, and was buried at Tarant Crawford Abbey in Dorset. Sources Tewkesbury Annals W ...

See also:

Joan of England, Joan of England - Queen Consort of Sicily, Joan of England - Joan Queen Consort of Scotland, Joan of England - Joan Lady of Wales died 1236, Joan of England - Joan of the Tower

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The town of Kozelsk was first mentioned in a chronicle under the year of 1146 as a part of Principality of Chernigov. Kozelsk became famous in the spring of 1238, when its 7-year-old prince had to defend the town against the army of Batu Khan. The latter dubbed it an "evil town" due to the fact that its citizens had been fighting the attackers for seven weeks in a row, killing around 4,000 enemy soldiers during the siege. The cititenzs of Kozelsk were greatly outnumbered and ...

See also:

Kozelsk, Kozelsk - History

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The city was first recorded in the chronicles for the year 1213, but historians believe it could have been founded by Yury Dolgoruky more than half a century earlier. Like other towns of the Eastern Rus, Kostroma was sacked by the Mongols in 1238. It then constituted a small principality, under leadership of Prince Vasily the Drunkard, a younger brother of the famous Alexander Nevsky. Upon inheriting the grand ducal title in 1271, Vasily didn't leave the town for Vladimir, and his descendants ruled Kostroma for another half a ...

See also:

Kostroma, Kostroma - Kostroma under the Rurikids, Kostroma - Kostroma under the Romanovs, Kostroma - Sights and landmarks

Read more here: » Kostroma: Encyclopedia II - Kostroma - Kostroma under the Rurikids

The city of Sukhothai was part of the great Khmer empire until 1238, when two Thai chieftains, Pho Khun Pha Muang and Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, declared their independence and established a Thai-ruled kingdom. Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao later became the first king of Sukhothai, calling himself Pho Khun Si Indrathit (or Intradit). This event traditionally marks the founding of the modern Thai nation, although other less well-known Thai kingdoms, such as Lanna, Phayao and Chiang ...

See also:

Sukhothai kingdom, Sukhothai kingdom - History, Sukhothai kingdom - The Kings of Sukhothai

Read more here: » Sukhothai kingdom: Encyclopedia II - Sukhothai kingdom - History

Permanent settlements on the town's territory are known from the Neolithic period onwards. During the Middle Ages, an important market settlement arose here at the junction of two important roads- from Bohemia to Hungary and from the Mediterranean to Poland. The first written reference to Trnava dates from 1211. In 1238, Trnava was the first town in Slovakia to be granted a town charter (civic privileges) by the king. The former agricultural center gradually became a center of manufacture, trade, and crafts. By the early 13th century, ...

See also:

Trnava, Trnava - Name, Trnava - History, Trnava - Historic Buildings, Trnava - Population

Read more here: » Trnava: Encyclopedia II - Trnava - History

William was born in Saint-Amour, then part of the Duchy of Burgundy, in c.1200. Under the patronage of the Count of Savoy, he was active at the University of Paris from the 1220s, becoming master of arts in 1228. From a reference in a letter by Gregory IX, it is evident that he had become a doctor of canon law by 1238. By 1250 he had been made master of theology. His principal works of this period are In Priora Analytica and < ...

See also:

William of Saint-Amour, William of Saint-Amour - William's Biography, William of Saint-Amour - De Periculis Novissimorum Temporum

Read more here: » William of Saint-Amour: Encyclopedia II - William of Saint-Amour - William's Biography

William was born in Saint-Amour, then part of the Duchy of Burgundy, in c.1200. Under the patronage of the Comte de Savoie, he was active at the University of Paris from the 1220s, becoming master of arts in 1228. From a reference in a letter by Gregory IX, it is evident that he had become a doctor of canon law by 1238. By 1250 he had been made master of theology. His principal works of this period are In Priora Analytica and < ...

See also:

William of Saint-Amour, William of Saint-Amour - William's Biography, William of Saint-Amour - De Periculis Novissimorum Temporum

Read more here: » William of Saint-Amour: Encyclopedia II - William of Saint-Amour - William's Biography

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began its rise to great power status under the reign of the king Mindaugas (or Mindoŭh in Belarusian) beginning in 1238. The duchy expanded both south and east, incorporating large quantities of former Rus lands in both directions. Expansion reached its height under Gediminas (Belarusian language: Hiedzimin) who created a strong central government and succeed in creating and empire that spread from the Black to the Baltic sea. The ease with which Lithuania built up an empire can be accredited to th ...

See also:

Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Military, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Religion, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Culture, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Legacy, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Sources

Read more here: » Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Encyclopedia II - Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began its rise under the reign of Grand Duke Mindaugas (or Mindoŭh in Belarusian) beginning in 1238. Mindaugas was baptized in 1252 and crowned King of Lithuania in 1253 (in 1260, he abandoned Christianity). After him there was a fight among Lithuanian dukes, but the state survived. The duchy expanded southward and eastward, incorporating large parts of Ruthenia. The expansion reached its heights under Gediminas (Belarusian language: Hiedzimin), who created a strong central government and establish ...

See also:

Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Military, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Religion, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Culture, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Legacy, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Sources

Read more here: » Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Encyclopedia II - Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania began its rise to the great power status under the reign of Grand Duke Mindaugas (or Mindoŭh in Belarusian) beginning in 1238. Mindaugas became baptized in 1252 and crowned King of Lithuania in 1253 (in 1260, he renounced Christianity). After him there was a fight among Lithuanian dukes, but the state survived. The duchy expanded southward and eastward, incorporating large parts of Rus. The expansion reached its height under Gediminas (Belarusian language: Hiedzimin), who created a strong central g ...

See also:

Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Military, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Religion, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Culture, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Legacy, Grand Duchy of Lithuania - Sources

Read more here: » Grand Duchy of Lithuania: Encyclopedia II - Grand Duchy of Lithuania - History