1170

1170 - Events. December 29: Assassination of Thomas Beckett, Archbishop of Canterbury, in Canterbury cathedral City of Dublin captured by the Normans Wang Anshi of Song China started to carried out reforms in three main structures, education, economy and political system. 1170 - Births. Valdemar II of Denmark (died 1241) Dominic de Guzman, founder of the Dominicans (died 1221) Eustace the Monk, French pirate (died 1217)Including:

• 1170 - Events
• 1170 - Births
• 1170 - Deaths

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1241 - Events. April 5 - Mongols of Golden Horde under the command of Subotai defeat feudal Polish nobility, including Knights Templar, in the battle of Liegnitz April 27 - Mongols defeat Bela IV of Hungary in the battle of Sajo. 1241 - Births. September 4 - King Alexander III of Scotland (died 1286) Eleanor of Castile, queen of Edward I of England (died 1290) 1241 - Deaths. April 9 - King Hen ...

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• 1241 - Events
• 1241 - Births
• 1241 - Deaths

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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. See also: Renaissance of the 12th century 12th century - Events. The Song dynasty loses power over Northern China. The Kamakura Shogunate deprives the Emperor of Japan of political power. First, Second, and Third Crusades of western European kingdoms against Islam ...

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• 12th century - Events
• 12th century - Significant people
• 12th century - Inventions discoveries and introductions
• 12th century - Decades and years

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Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated on the Vltava river in central Bohemia, it is home to approximately 1.2 million people. (It can be derived from jobs statistics, however, that an additional 300,000 work there without having registered as residents.) Prague is widely regarded as one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Nicknames for Prague have included "city of a hundred spires", "the golden city", "the Left Bank of the Nineties", the "mothe ...

Including:

• Prague - History
• Prague - Sights
• Prague - Culture
• Prague - Economy
• Prague - Colleges and universities
• Prague - Transportation
• Prague - Taxis
• Prague - Sport
• Prague - Miscellaneous
• Prague - Prague - Venue
• Prague - Famous People connected with Prague
• Prague - Historical population

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Al-Mustadi (Arabic: المستضيء) (d. 1180) was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 1170 to 1180. Like his predecessor, he continued to occupy a more or less independent position, with a Vazir and courtly surroundings, and supported by only a small force sufficient for an occasional local campaign. Categories: 1180 deaths | Abbasid caliphs ...

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Al-Mustanjid (d. 1170) was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 1160 to 1170. He was the son of previous Caliph al-Muqtafi. One of al-Muqtafi's wives wanted her own son to succeed. She gained over many Amirs to her side, and had their slave-girls armed with daggers to kill the new Caliph. Al-Mustanjid discovered the plot and placed the rebel son and mother in prison. Around this time, Fatimid dynasty was at last extinguished, having lasted for 260 years. Their conqueror, Saladin, though himself an orthodox Muslim, initially didn' ...

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Aqaba (Arabic: العقبة al-ʻAqabah) is a coastal town with a population of 101,290 (2000) and 2% of Jordan's population in the far south of Jordan (29.5167° N 35.0° E). Aqaba is strategically important to Jordan as it is the country's only seaport. The town borders Eilat, Israel and there is a border post where it is possible to cross between the two countries. Both Aqaba and Eilat ar ...

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• Aqaba - History

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The Almohad Dynasty (From Arabic الموحدون al-Muwahhidun, i.e. "the monotheists" or "the Unitarians," the name being corrupted in Spanish) were a Berber Muslim religious power which founded the fifth Moorish dynasty in the 12th century, and conquered all northern Africa as far as Egypt, together with Muslim Spain. Almohad - Origins. It originated with Ibn Tumart, a member of the Masmuda, a Berber tribe of the Atlas Mountains. Ibn Tumart was the son of a lamplighter in a mosque and had been not ...

Including:

• Almohad - Origins
• Almohad - The ruling
• Almohad - Muwahhadi Almohad Caliphs 1145-1269
• Almohad - Publications

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In Christian mythology, the Holy Grail was the dish, plate, cup or vessel used by Jesus at the Last Supper, said to possess miraculous powers. According to many versions of the story, Joseph of Arimathea used the Grail to catch Christ's blood while interring him and then took the object to Britain, where he founded a line of guardians to keep it safe. The quest for the Holy Grail makes up an important segment of the Arthurian cycle, appearing first in works by Chrétien de Troyes (Loomis 1991). The legend may combine Christian lore with a Celti ...

Including:

• Holy Grail - Origins of the Grail
• Holy Grail - The Grail
• Holy Grail - Early forms of the Grail
• Holy Grail - Etymology of graal
• Holy Grail - The beginnings of the Grail in literature
• Holy Grail - Chrétien de Troyes
• Holy Grail - Robert de Boron
• Holy Grail - The Grail in other early literature
• Holy Grail - Ideas of the Grail
• Holy Grail - The later legend
• Holy Grail - Four medieval relics
• Holy Grail - Modern interpretations
• Holy Grail - Casual metaphor
• Holy Grail - Modern retellings

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Valdemar II (1170–1241), called Valdemar the Conqueror or Valdemar the Victorious, was the King of Denmark from 1202 until 1241. He was the second son of King Valdemar I and Sophia of Polotsk, a Varangian princess. In 1202, Valdemar II succeeded his childless elder brother Canute VI after serving him for years. He is counted among the greatest of Danish (medieval) kings. In 1204 he secured the recognition of Norway as kingdom. In the 1210s he began to expand the Danish influence in the crusade against the last r ...

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The word transit has two meanings in astronomy: A transit is the astronomical event that occurs when one celestial body appears to move across the face of another celestial body, as seen by an observer at some particular vantage point. A transit occurs when a celestial body crosses the meridian due to the Earth's rotation, about halfway between rising and setting. For instance, the Sun transits the meridian at solar noon. Observation of meridian transi ...

Including:

• Astronomical transit - Definition
• Astronomical transit - Mutual planetary transits and occultations
• Astronomical transit - Contacts
• Astronomical transit - Transit visibility table
• Astronomical transit - External references

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In the middle of the 10th century, the territory of Bar (Barrois) formed a dependency of the Holy Roman Empire. The first dynasty of Bar were in fact dukes of Upper Lotharingia out of the house of the counts of the Ardennes, descendants of count palatine Wigeric of Lotharingia. They chose their seat at Bar, which was subsequently called Bar-le-Duc. This Ardennes-Bar dynasty extincted with duke Frederick III (+1033) and his sister countess Sophia of Bar (+1093). In the 11th century lords of Bar were only counts of the Bar territory (le Barrois) ...

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• Counts and dukes of Bar - Counts and Dukes of Bar
• Counts and dukes of Bar - Marquises of Pont-à-Mousson

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Corsini, the name of a Florentine princely family, of which the founder is said to be Neri Corsini, who flourished about the year 1170. Like other Florentine nobles the Corsini had at first no titles, but in more recent times they received many from foreign potentates and from the later grand dukes of Tuscany. The emperor Charles IV created the head of the house a count palatine in 1371; the marquisate of Sismano was conferred on them in 1620, those of Casigliano and Civitella in 1629, of Lajatico and Orciatico in 1644, of Giov ...

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William of Tyre (c. 1130 - 1185) was archbishop of Tyre and an historian of the Crusades and the Middle Ages. William of Tyre - Early life. William was born in Jerusalem around 1130, one of the second generation of children born to the children of the original European Crusaders in the new Kingdom of Jerusalem. His parents were probably French or Italian in origin, possibly Normans from Sicily. He had a brother named Ralph who was probably a merchant in the kingdom, and the family was certainly non-noble. A ...

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• William of Tyre - Early life
• William of Tyre - Religious and political life in Jerusalem
• William of Tyre - Works
• William of Tyre - Sources

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Dan is the name of one or more legendary kings of the Danes in medieval Scandinavian texts. Dan king - The Leire Chonicle. The Chronicle of Leire (Chronicon Lethrense) written about 1170 introduces a primeval King Ypper of Uppsala whose three sons were Dan who afterwards ruled Denmark, Nori who afterwards ruled Norway, and Østen who afterwards ruled the Swedes. Dan apparently first ruled in Zealand for the Chronicle states that it was when Dan had saved his people from an attack by the ...

Including:

• Dan king - The Leire Chonicle
• Dan king - The Rígsthula
• Dan king - The Skjöldungasaga
• Dan king - The Ynglinga Saga
• Dan king - Sven Aggesen
• Dan king - The Gesta Danorum
• Dan king - The Song of Eric

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Danylo of Galicia (Ukrainian: Данило Галицький, Danylo Halyts’kyi), (1201-1264) was the 1st King of Galicia, Knyaz of Halych (1205–1206, 1211–1212, 1229–1231, 1233–1235, 1238–1255), Peremyshl (1211), and Volodymyr-Volynsky (1212–1231). He was crowned by a papal archbishop in Dorohychyn 1253/1255 as the 1st King of Galicia (1253–1264). Danylo of Halych - Biography. In 1205, after the death of his father, Roman Mstyslavyc ...

Including:

• Danylo of Halych - Biography
• Danylo of Halych - Family
• Danylo of Halych - Mother
• Danylo of Halych - Father
• Danylo of Halych - Wives
• Danylo of Halych - Brother
• Danylo of Halych - Sisters
• Danylo of Halych - Sons
• Danylo of Halych - Daughters

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Şanlıurfa (also Urfa, formerly Edessa) is a city in eastern Turkey, and the provincial capital of Sanliurfa Province. The modern city of Urfa is situated about eighty kilometres east of the Euphrates River. It has a population of 385,588 (2000 census). The city has been known by many names. In Syriac it is ܐܘܪܗܝ, Orhāy. In Kurdish it is Riha. In Arabic it is الروها, Ar-Ruha. In Greek it was Ορρα, Orrha. Although it is often best known by the name given it by the Seleucids, Εδεσσα, Edessa. For more on historic ...

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The state of Goryeo ruled Korea from the fall of Silla in 935 until the founding of Joseon in 1392. The name "Goryeo" is a shortened form of "Goguryeo," the name of a kingdom in northern Korea which was conquered by Silla in 668. The English name "Korea" comes from "Goryeo." See Names of Korea. Two of this period's most notable products are Goryeo pottery — the famous Korean celadon pottery — and the Tripitaka Koreana — the Buddhist scriptures (Tripitak ...

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• Goryeo - History

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By category Medieval 16th Century - 17th Century 18th Century -19th Century 20th Century - Contemporary Chronological list Writers by category Novelists - Playwrights Poets - Essayists Short Story Writers Chrétien de Troyes wrote in Champagne, France, during the last half of the twelfth century. Of his life we know neither the beginning nor the end, but we know that between 1160 and 1181 he lived in Troyes at the court of his patroness Countess Marie de Champagne, d ...

Including:

• Chrétien de Troyes - Works
• Chrétien de Troyes - Sources
• Chrétien de Troyes - Influence
• Chrétien de Troyes - Bibliograpy

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By category Medieval 16th Century - 17th Century 18th Century -19th Century 20th Century - Contemporary Chronological list Writers by category Novelists - Playwrights Poets - Essayists Short Story Writers The Song of Roland (La Chanson de Roland) is an 11th-century epic poem about the Battle of Roncevaux Pass (or Roncesvalles) fought by Roland and his fellow paladins. The Song is written in Old French and is based on historical events surr ...

Including:

• The Song of Roland - Synopsis
• The Song of Roland - Characters
• The Song of Roland - Adaptations
• The Song of Roland - External link

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