1166 - Births. July 29 - Henry II of Champagne (d. 1197) December 24 - John of England (died 1216) Eudes III, Duke of Burgundy (died 1218) William de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (died 1240) 1166 - Deaths. May 7 - William I of Sicily Santa Rosalia, patron saint of Palermo (according to legend) 1166 - Heads of states. England - Henry II Curt Mantle, King of England (reigned 115 ...

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• 1166 - Events
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• 1166 - Deaths
• 1166 - Heads of states

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William II (1153–1189), king of Sicily, was only thirteen years old at the death of his father William I when he was placed under the regency of his mother, Marguerite of Navarre. Until the king came of age in 1171 the government was controlled first by the chancellor Stephen of Perche, cousin of Marguerite (1166–1168), and then by Walter Ophamil, archbishop of Palermo, and Matthew d'Ajello, the vice-chancellor. William's character is very indistinct. Lacking in military enterprise, secluded and pleasure-loving, he s ...

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Vézelay is a commune in the Yonne département in the Bourgogne région of France. Vézelay - The Abbey of Vézelay. In the 9th century, the Benedictine abbey of Vézelay was founded, as many abbeys were, on land that had been a late Roman villa, of Vercellus (Vercelle becoming Vézelay). The villa had passed into the hands of the Carolingians and devolved to a Carolingian count, Girart, of Rousillon. His two convents were looted and dispersed by Moorish raiding parties ...

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• Vézelay - The Abbey of Vézelay

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William I (d. May 7, 1166) was king of Sicily from 1154 to 1166. He was the fourth son of Roger II and Elvira Alfonso of Castile, and grew up with little expectation of ruling. The deaths of his 3 older brothers between 1138 and 1148 changed matters, though when his father died William was still not well-prepared to take his place. William's title "the Bad" seems little merited and expresses the bias of the historian Falcandus and the baronial class against the king and the official class by whom he was guided. It is obv ...

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Al-Idrisi (b.1100-d.1165 or 1166) full name Abu Abd Allah Muhammad al-Idrisi was an Arab cartographer, geographer and traveller who lived in Sicily, at the court of King Roger II. Muhammad al-Idrisi was born in Sabtah, then belonging to the Almoravid Empire (nowadays Ceuta, Spain) and died in Sicily, or maybe in Sabtah. In 1154 al-Idrisi made a large, south-oriented mappa mundi known as the Tabula Rogeriana and an accompanying book, named Geography. Taken together, they were named Nuzhat al-Mushtak by Roge ...

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The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy. It is led by the Archbishop of Milan who serves as metropolitan to the dioceses of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantova, Pavia and Vigevano. The Church in Milan was first established in the 1st century as a small diocese. It was elevated to the rank of an archdiocese in the 4th century. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan - Bishops and Archbishops. St. Barnabas (ca.50-5 ...

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• Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan - Bishops and Archbishops
• Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan - Resources

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The Coptic Orthodox Church is a member of the Oriental Orthodox churches, not to be mistaken with the Eastern Orthodox group of churches. The Coptic Orthodox Chruch has its own Pope and Patriarch, whom is currently His Holiness Pope Shenouda III, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and the See of St. Mark. The following is a list of all the Popes who have held led the Coptic Orthodox Church since the Council of Chalcedon. For the earlier Patriarchs of Alexandria prior to the schism, see List of Patriarchs of Alexandr ...

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Sheikh Muhyiddeen Abdul Qadir Gilani , Abdul Qadir al-Gilani , Abdul Qadir el-Gilani or Moulay Abdelkader al-Jilali (in Maghreb countries (Arabic: عبد القادر الجيلانى ); (1077 – 1166 CE) was a mystic scholar and saint of Islam. He was the luminary of his time in the Islamic spiritual sciences and in the disciplines of the Divine Law (He was a follower of the Hanbali school of law). His contribution and renown in the sciences of Sufism and Sharia was so immense that he became k ...

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1216 - Births. Robert I of Artois Eric IV of Denmark (died 1250) Zahed Gilani, Grand master of the Zahediyeh Sufi Order (died 1301) 1216 - Deaths. June 11 - Henry of Flanders, emperor of the Latin Empire (poisoned) (born c. 1174) June 16 - Pope Innocent III October 18 - John of England (born 1166) Ida, Countess of Boulogne Eric X of Sweden (born 1180) Kamo no Chomei, Japanese author (born 1155)Including:

• 1216 - Events
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• 1216 - Deaths
• 1216 - Heads of state

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1197 - Events. Amalric II succeeds Henry II of Champagne as king of Jerusalem. Theobald III becomes Count of Champagne. The town of Arbroath, Angus, Scotland is consecrated, and dedicated to St Thomas Becket. Kaloyan becomes tsar of Bulgaria. Corfu is occupied by the Genoese. Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury, negotiates a peace with Wales. North Crawley is split into Great Crawley and Little Crawley. Philip of Swabia marries Irene Angela, ...

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• 1197 - Events
• 1197 - Births
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1218 - Ongoing events. Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) 1218 - Births. February 12 - Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (died 1256) May 1 - John I, Count of Hainaut (died 1257) May 1 - Rudolph I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1291) October 30 - Emperor Chūkyō of Japan (died 1234) Abel of Denmark (died 1252) 1218 - Deaths. February 2 - Konstantin of Rostov, Prince of Novgorod (b ...

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• 1218 - Events
• 1218 - Ongoing events
• 1218 - Births
• 1218 - Deaths

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1240 - Births. Abulafia, Maltese Jewish philosopher (died 1292) Pope Benedict XI (died 1304) Stephen V of Hungary (died 1272) Sigerus of Brabant, French theologian (died 1284) Albert the Degenerate, landgrave of Thuringia (approximate date; died 1314) 1240 - Deaths. April 11 - Llywelyn the Great, Prince of Gwynedd (born 1173) Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Arab philosopher Jacques de Vitry, French historian and the ...

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• 1240 - Events
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• 1240 - Deaths
• 1240 - Monarchs/Presidents

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In English law, the benefit of clergy was originally a provision by which clergymen could claim that they were outside the jurisdiction of the secular courts and be tried instead under canon law. Eventually, the course of history transformed it into a mechanism by which first-time offenders could receive a more lenient sentence for some lesser crimes. Benefit of clergy - Origin. Prior to the 12th century, traditional English law courts had been jointly presided over by a bishop and a local secular magistrat ...

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• Benefit of clergy - Origin
• Benefit of clergy - The Miserere
• Benefit of clergy - Tudor-era reforms
• Benefit of clergy - Later development

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Germany This article is part of the series: Politics of Germany Constitution Bundestag (Parliament) Bundesrat (Federal Council) Federal Convention Constitutional Court Federal Court of Justice President: Horst Köhler Chancellor: Angela Merkel Cabinet States of Germany Districts of Germany Elections Political parties ...

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• Chancellor of Germany - Bundeskanzler North German Confederation 1867-1871
• Chancellor of Germany - Reichskanzler 1871-1945
• Chancellor of Germany - Chancellors of the German Empire 1871-1919
• Chancellor of Germany - Chancellors of the Weimar Republic 1919-1933
• Chancellor of Germany - Chancellors of the Nazi Era 1933-1945
• Chancellor of Germany - Bundeskanzler since 1949
• Chancellor of Germany - Appointment mechanism
• Chancellor of Germany - Votes of no-confidence
• Chancellor of Germany - The chancellor's role
• Chancellor of Germany - List of Chancellors since 1949

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The name of the city comes from the ancient Gallic tribe called the Turones. In Roman times it was known as Turonensis. The modern name, Tours, coincidentally corresponds to the French word tours, "towers". In the mid-3rd century Gatianus (Saint Gatien) was sent from Rome to reorganize a small Christian community. Saint Martin of Tours was bishop of Tours at the end of the 4th century, and his tomb became a major pilgrimage site; the church of Saint-Martin was one of the great Romanesque pilgrimage churches, like Saint-Sernin i ...

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Tours, Tours - History, Tours - Cathedral of Tours, Tours - Language, Tours - City, Tours - Transportation, Tours - Miscellaneous, Tours - Births

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He was one of four sons of an O'Byrne princess and Murtagh O'Tuathail, King of the Ui Muirdeaigh. The family were of the Ui Dunlaigne sub-sept, the Ui Muirdeaigh, and took their surname from Tuathal mac Augaire, the Ui Muirdeaigh King of Lenister who died in 958. They resided at Maistiu or Mullaghmast in what is now County Kildare. However by the time of his son's birth Murtagh was subordinate to the new Kings of Leinster, the Ui Cheinnselaigh. The king from 1126 was Diarmait or Dermot McMurrough. At age ten he was sent to Dermot as a ...

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Lorcán Ua Tuathail, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Early life, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Archbishop of Dublin, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Exile of Dermot and the coming of the Normans, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Synod of Cashel, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Treaty of Winsor, Lorcán Ua Tuathail - Last years and death in Normandy

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1353 (1357?) - 1391 (Ban 1353-1377, King 1377-1391) Tvrtko I of Kotroman (born 1338?, died 1391) Nephew of Stephen Kotromanić. Crowned himself 'King of Serbs and Bosnia' in 1377. 1391 - 1395 Stephen (Stjepan) Dabiša (died 1395) Illegitimate son of Ninoslav Kotromanić, a son of Kotroman. 1395 - 1398 Jelena Gruba, widow of Stephen Dabisa 1398 - 1404, 1409 - 1418 King Ostoja Kotromanić (died 1418) Son of Tvrtko Kotromanić. Power struggles with ...

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List of rulers of Bosnia, List of rulers of Bosnia - Early history, List of rulers of Bosnia - Emergence of native Bosnian bans, List of rulers of Bosnia - Bosnian kingdom, List of rulers of Bosnia - Turkish occupation, List of rulers of Bosnia - Austrian occupation, List of rulers of Bosnia - Modern times, List of rulers of Bosnia - Related articles, List of rulers of Bosnia - External link

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By the 12th century, Ireland was divided politically into a shifting hierarchy of petty kingdoms and over-kingdoms. Power was concentrated into the hands of a few regional dynasties contending against each other for control of the whole island. The Northern Uí Néill ruled much of what is now Ulster. Their kinsmen, the Southern Uí Néill, were Kings of Brega (Meath). The kingship of Leinster was held by the dynamic Ui Cheinnselaigh dynasty. A new kingdom rose between Leinster and Munster, Osraige, ruled by the family of Mac Giolla Phádrai ...

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Norman Ireland, Norman Ireland - The Coming of the Normans 1167-1185, Norman Ireland - The Papal Bull and Henry's invasion, Norman Ireland - The Lordship of Ireland 1185-1254, Norman Ireland - Invasion contained, Norman Ireland - Gaelic Resurgence Norman Decline 1254-1536

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Portsmouth - Early history of the area. Although there have been settlements in the area since before Roman times, mostly being offshoots of Portchester, Portsmouth is commonly regarded as having been founded in 1180 by John of Gisors (Jean de Gisors). Most early records of Portsmouth are thought to have been destroyed by Norman invaders following the Norman Conquest. The earliest detailed references to Portsmouth can ...

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Portsmouth, Portsmouth - Name, Portsmouth - History, Portsmouth - Early history of the area, Portsmouth - Growth of the city, Portsmouth - War with France, Portsmouth - 20th century, Portsmouth - Education, Portsmouth - Higher and further education, Portsmouth - Secondary education, Portsmouth - Government, Portsmouth - Media, Portsmouth - Shopping, Portsmouth - Sport, Portsmouth - Tourist Attractions, Portsmouth - Transport and communications, Portsmouth - Future developments, Portsmouth - Lists, Portsmouth - Chronology, Portsmouth - Famous residents, Portsmouth - Population

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The English conquest of the district now known as Wiltshire began in 552 with the victory of Cynric at Old Sarum, by which the way was opened to Salisbury Plain. Four years later, pushing his way through the Vale of Pewsey, Cynric extended the limits of the West Saxon kingdom to the Marlborough Downs by a victory at Barbury Hill. At this period the district south of the Avon and the Nadder was occupied by dense woodland, the relics of which survive in Cranborne Chase, and the first wave of West Saxon colonization was chiefly confined to the valleys of the Avon and the Wylye, the little township of Wilton which arose in the la ...

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History of Wiltshire, History of Wiltshire - Early history, History of Wiltshire - Land ownership after the Norman Conquest, History of Wiltshire - Wiltshire's hundreds, History of Wiltshire - Ancient moot places and meeting points, History of Wiltshire - Religious administrative areas, History of Wiltshire - Early political history, History of Wiltshire - Employment manufacturing and industry, History of Wiltshire - Parliamentary representation, History of Wiltshire - Prehistoric remains and monuments, History of Wiltshire - Roman remains, History of Wiltshire - Ecclesiastical buildings, History of Wiltshire - Monastic ruins, History of Wiltshire - Notable churches, History of Wiltshire - Secular architecture, History of Wiltshire - Castles, History of Wiltshire - Manor Houses

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