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1164 | A Wisdom Archive on 1164 | | 1164 A selection of articles related to 1164 | |
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1164
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 1164 | | | |  1164: Encyclopedia II - Raymond III of Tripoli - Early lifeRaymond succeeded his father Raymond II, who had been killed by the Hashshashin, and Hodierna of Jerusalem, who ruled as regent until Raymond came of age. He was also known as Raymond the Younger to distinguish him from his father.
In 1160, Byzantine emperor Manuel Comnenus was seeking a wife from the crusader states. The two candidates presented to him were Raymond's sister Melisende, and Princess Maria of Antioch. At first, Melisende was chosen, and Raymond collected an enormous dowry, while negotiations continued for over a year. H ...
See also:Raymond III of Tripoli, Raymond III of Tripoli - Early life, Raymond III of Tripoli - Regent of Jerusalem, Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond and the nobles' party, Raymond III of Tripoli - Battle of Hattin and death, Raymond III of Tripoli - Physical characteristics, Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond in fiction, Raymond III of Tripoli - Sources Read more here: » Raymond III of Tripoli: Encyclopedia II - Raymond III of Tripoli - Early life |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Description
Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Size and construction.
The Shrine of the Three Kings is approximately 43 inches (110 cm) wide, 60 inches (153 cm) high, and 87 inches (220 cm) long. It is shaped like a basilica: two sarcophagi stand next to each other, with the third sarcophagus resting on their roof ridges. The ends are completely covered, so there is no space visible between the sarcophagi. The basic structure is made of wood, with gold and silver overlay decorated with filigree, enamel, and over 1000 jewels and beads. These latter ...
See also:Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - History, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Description, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Size and construction, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Decoration, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - The shrine in fiction, Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Notes Read more here: » Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral: Encyclopedia II - Shrine of the Three Kings at Cologne Cathedral - Description |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England Becket denied the right of the assembly to judge him, appealed to the Pope, and, feeling that his life was too valuable to the Church to be risked, went into voluntary exile on November 2, embarking in a fishing-boat which landed him in France. He went to Sens, where Pope Alexander was, while envoys from the king hastened to work against him, requesting that a legate should be sent to England with plenary authority to settle the dispute. Alexander declined, and when, the next day, Becket arrived and gave him a full account of the proceedings, h ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Assassination The tension between the two men would only be relieved by catastrophe. Passionate words from the angry king (reputedly "Will no one rid me of this meddlesome priest?") were interpreted as a royal command, and four knights — Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Moreville, William de Tracey, and Richard le Breton — set out to plot the murder of the archbishop. On Tuesday December 29, 1170 they carried out their plan, murdering Becket at the entry of the Quire in Canterbury Cathedral as he was ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Assassination |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon Henry called another assembly at Clarendon for January 30, 1164, at which he presented his demands in sixteen constitutions. What he asked involved the abandonment of the clergy's independence and of their direct connection with Rome; he employed all his arts to induce their consent and was apparently successful with all but the primate.
Finally even Becket expressed his willingness to agree to the constitutions, the Constitutions of Clarendon; but when it came to the actual signature, he defiantly refused. This meant war between the ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162 At once there took place before the eyes of the astonished king and country an unexpected transformation in the character of the new archbishop. Having previously been a merry, pleasure-loving courtier, Becket became an ascetic prelate in simple monastic garb, fully devoted to the cause of the hierarchy and prepared to do his utmost to defend it.
In the schism which at that time divided the Church, he sided with Pope Alexander III, a man whose devotion to the same strict hierarchical principles appealed to him, and from Alexander ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162 |
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| | | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references Many years after his death, an 'à' was added in his name, giving the form Thomas à Becket, alluding to a later religious, Thomas à Kempis (b. 1379/80; d. 1471). This was an attempt to make him appear more holy and worthy of sainthood.
Local legends in England connected with Becket arose after his canonization. Though they are typical hagiographical stories, they also display Becket’s particular gruffness. Becket’s Well, in Otford, Kent, is said to have been created after Becket had become displeased with the taste ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade The elderly Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa responded to the call immediately. He took up the Cross at Mainz Cathedral on March 27, 1188 and was the first to set out for the Holy Land in May of 1189. Frederick had raised an army so massive that it could not be transported across the Mediterranean Sea, but instead had to cross Asia Minor on foot.
The Byzantine Emperor Isaac II Angelus made a secret alliance with Saladin to impede Frederick's progress in exchange for his empire's safety. On May 18, 1190, the German army defeat ...
See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Crusade's end Following his victory, Richard took Jaffa and established his new headquarters there. He offered to begin negotiations with Saladin, who sent his brother, Saphadin to meet with Richard. Negotiations failed, and Richard marched to Ascalon.
Richard called on Conrad who refused, citing Richard's alliance with King Guy. Conrad was later assassinated in the streets of Tyre, reportedly on instructions from Richard. King Guy was given rule of Cyprus, and ...
See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Crusade's end |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf After the capture of Acre, Richard decided to march to the city of Jaffa, where he could launch an attack on Jerusalem. On September 7, 1191, at Arsuf, 30 miles north of Jaffa, Saladin attacked Richard's army.
Saladin attempted to lure Richard's forces out to be easily picked off, but Richard maintained his formation until the Hospitallers rushed in to take Saladin's right flank, while the Templars took the left. Richard won the battle and crushed the myth of Saladin's invincibility.
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See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Battle of Acre King Guy was released from prison by Saladin in 1189. He attempted to take command of the Christian forces at Tyre, but Conrad of Montferrat held power there after his successful defense of the city from Muslim attacks. Guy turned his attention to the wealthy port of Acre. He amassed an army to besiege the city and received aid from Philip's newly-arrived French army, however it was still not enough to counter Saladin's force.
Richard arrived at Acre on June 8, 1191 and immediately be ...
See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Battle of Acre |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Richard's departure Henry II died on July 6, 1189 following a defeat by his son Richard I and Philip II. Richard inherited the crown and immediately began raising funds for the crusade. In July of 1190, Richard set out from Marseille, France for the island of Sicily.
William II of Sicily had died the previous year, and was replaced by Tancred, who placed Joan — William's wife and Richard's sister — in prison. Richard captured the capital city ...
See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Richard's departure |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishops after the Reformation
Archbishop of Uppsala - 16th century.
1531-1573 Laurentius Petri (Nericius)
He and his brothers Olaus Petri where the main protestant reformers in Sweden; while his brother was more energetic, Laurentius's importance lays in his educational works which designates the foundation for the Christian Statute of Sweden consecrated at the Uppsala Council 1571.
1575-1579 Laurentius Petri Gothus
He was not related to his predecessor. The 16th century in Sweden w ...
See also:Archbishop of Uppsala, Archbishop of Uppsala - Notable archbishops, Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishop before the Reformation, Archbishop of Uppsala - 12th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 13th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 14th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 15th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishops after the Reformation, Archbishop of Uppsala - 16th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 17th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 18th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 19th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 20th century Read more here: » Archbishop of Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishops after the Reformation |
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