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1164 | A Wisdom Archive on 1164 | | 1164 A selection of articles related to 1164 | |
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1164
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| ARTICLES RELATED TO 1164 | | | | |  1164: Encyclopedia II - Rhys ap Gruffydd - Early reignAbout this time Rhys came under pressure from Owain Gwynedd, who was seeking to take Ceredigion back. In response Rhys built Aberdyfi Castle. As ruler, he proceeded to challenge the new king of England, Henry II (reigned 1154–1189). Having successfully held out against Henry for a year or two, Rhys was forced to ask for terms and met the king in 1158. Rhys was stripped of Ceredigion and other territories whi ...
See also:Rhys ap Gruffydd, Rhys ap Gruffydd - Early life, Rhys ap Gruffydd - First battles, Rhys ap Gruffydd - Early reign, Rhys ap Gruffydd - Peace with King Henry, Rhys ap Gruffydd - Later reign and death, Rhys ap Gruffydd - External link Read more here: » Rhys ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia II - Rhys ap Gruffydd - Early reign |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Styria duchy - Religious history of Styria The Protestant Reformation made its way into the country about 1530. Duke Karl (ruling 1564-90), whose wife was the Catholic Duchess Maria of Bavaria, introduced the Counter-Reformation into the country; in 1573 he invited the Jesuits into Styria and in 1586 he founded the Catholic University of Graz. In 1598 his son and successor Ferdinand suppressed all Protestant schools and expelled the teachers and preachers: Protestant doctrines were maintained only in a few isolated mountain valleys, as in the valley of the Inn and the valley of the M ...
See also:Styria duchy, Styria duchy - Styria in the first millennium, Styria duchy - Steiermark, Styria duchy - Religious history of Styria, Styria duchy - 19th century Styria, Styria duchy - 20th century, Styria duchy - Margraves and Dukes of Styria, Styria duchy - Coat of Arms Read more here: » Styria duchy: Encyclopedia II - Styria duchy - Religious history of Styria |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Amalric I of Jerusalem - Conflicts with the Muslim states As a Crusader state Jerusalem was constantly in a state of war. Since Baldwin III's blunder by attacking allied Damascus during the Second Crusade in 1147, the northern frontier was exposed to Nur ad-Din, whose own power continued to grow from his bases in Mosul, Aleppo, and later Damascus when that city fell under his control. Jerusalem lost influence to Byzantium in northern Syria when the Empire imposed its suzerainty over the Principality of Antioch, although Byzantium was increa ...
See also:Amalric I of Jerusalem, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Youth, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Succession, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Conflicts with the Muslim states, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Invasions of Egypt, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Byzantine alliance, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Rise of Saladin, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Death, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Physical characteristics, Amalric I of Jerusalem - Sources Read more here: » Amalric I of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia II - Amalric I of Jerusalem - Conflicts with the Muslim states |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Bologna - History Bologna was founded by the Etruscans with the name Felsina (ca. 534 BC) in an area previously long inhabited by the villanovians, a people of farmers and shepherds. The Etruscan city grew around a sanctuary built on a hill, and was surrounded by a necropolis. In the 4th century BC the city was conquered by the Gauls Boii, whence the ancient name Bononia of the Roman colony (c. 189 BC) created after the conquest in 191 BC. The settlers included 3,000 Latin families led by the consuls Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Marcus Atilius Seran ...
See also:Bologna, Bologna - History, Bologna - Overview, Bologna - Transport, Bologna - Demographics, Bologna - Cuisine, Bologna - The University, Bologna - Famous residents Read more here: » Bologna: Encyclopedia II - Bologna - History |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishop before the Reformation
Archbishop of Uppsala - 12th century.
1164-1185 Stefan
1185-1187 Johannes.
Johannes was ordained by the Archbishop of Lund, Absalon by November 1185. In 1187, a ship from the pagan Estonia entered Mälaren, a lake close to Uppsala, on a plundering expedition. It sailed to Sigtuna, a prosperous city at that time, and plundered it. On its way back, barricades were set up the only exist point at Almarestäket to prevent the ship from escaping. Johannes was there also. As the ship struggled to pass through, Joh ...
See also:Archbishop of Uppsala, Archbishop of Uppsala - Notable archbishops, Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishop before the Reformation, Archbishop of Uppsala - 12th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 13th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 14th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 15th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishops after the Reformation, Archbishop of Uppsala - 16th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 17th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 18th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 19th century, Archbishop of Uppsala - 20th century Read more here: » Archbishop of Uppsala: Encyclopedia II - Archbishop of Uppsala - Archbishop before the Reformation |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Bohemund III of Antioch - Prince of Antioch In 1164, Bohemund and Raymond III of Tripoli marched out to relieve Harim, under siege from Nur ad-Din, but when Nur ad-Din retreated Bohemund led a charge against him. The ensuing battle was a disaster and both Bohemund and Raymond were taken prisoner. King Amalric I of Jerusalem hastened back from his invasion of Egypt to take control of the regency of Antioch; Bohemund was freed, for a large ransom, in 1165 with the intervention of Amalric and Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, his nominal overlord; Manuel was also his brother-in-law, a ...
See also:Bohemund III of Antioch, Bohemund III of Antioch - Early life, Bohemund III of Antioch - Prince of Antioch, Bohemund III of Antioch - Excommunication, Bohemund III of Antioch - Collapse of Jerusalem, Bohemund III of Antioch - Later life and death, Bohemund III of Antioch - Family and children, Bohemund III of Antioch - Sources Read more here: » Bohemund III of Antioch: Encyclopedia II - Bohemund III of Antioch - Prince of Antioch |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond and the nobles' party Raymond also was drawn into the developing strife in the kingdom. Economically, the opposing sides were the established barons who drew regular income from their holdings, and the new crusaders, who wanted war spoils. Socially, these were arranged as a baronial party and a court party, the royal court being the best source of favour, military commands and other opportunities to become rich. The baronial party appreciated more peaceful relations, trade, and at least peaceful enjoyment of their agricultural incomes. Dynastically, Dowager Queen ...
See also:Raymond III of Tripoli, Raymond III of Tripoli - Early life, Raymond III of Tripoli - Regent of Jerusalem, Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond and the nobles' party, Raymond III of Tripoli - Battle of Hattin and death, Raymond III of Tripoli - Physical characteristics, Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond in fiction, Raymond III of Tripoli - Sources Read more here: » Raymond III of Tripoli: Encyclopedia II - Raymond III of Tripoli - Raymond and the nobles' party |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Early Swedish history - Christianization and struggle for power Under his son and successor Olof, surnamed Skötkonung, Christianity was fully established in Sweden. Olaf Tryggvason, the king of Norway, had married his sister Ingibiorg to Ragnvald, earl of Westrogothia, on condition that he should receive baptism, and the Swedish king’s wife was also a Christian, though he himself was not baptized until 1008 by Sigfrid at Husaby. A quarrel arose in the last years of the 10th century between Olaf Skötkonung and Olaf Tryggvason. The latter had applied for the hand of Sigrid, the widow of Eric the Victor ...
See also:Early Swedish history, Early Swedish history - 9th century, Early Swedish history - 10th century, Early Swedish history - Christianization and struggle for power, Early Swedish history - The first union of Sweden and Norway, Early Swedish history - Kalmar Union Read more here: » Early Swedish history: Encyclopedia II - Early Swedish history - Christianization and struggle for power |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Background After the failure of the Second Crusade, Nur ad-Din had control of Damascus and a unified Syria.
Third Crusade - Muslim unification.
Eager to expand his power, Nur ad-Din set his sights on the Fatimid dynasty of Egypt. In 1163, Nur ad-Din's most trusted general, Shirkuh set out on a military expedition to the Nile. Accompanying the general was his young nephew, Saladin.
With Shirkuh's troops camped outside of Cairo, Egypt's sultan, Shawar called on King Amalric I of Jerusalem for assistance. In response, Amalric sent an army into Egypt and a ...
See also:Third Crusade, Third Crusade - Background, Third Crusade - Muslim unification, Third Crusade - Saladin's conquests, Third Crusade - Fall of the Latin Kingdom, Third Crusade - Preparations, Third Crusade - Barbarossa's crusade, Third Crusade - Richard's departure, Third Crusade - Battle of Acre, Third Crusade - Battle of Arsuf, Third Crusade - Crusade's end, Third Crusade - Aftermath, Third Crusade - Sources Read more here: » Third Crusade: Encyclopedia II - Third Crusade - Background |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Linköping - History Historically, Linköping is famed for being an early diocese, second in Sweden (within its pre-1658 boundaries) only to Skara. The monastery of Vreta Kloster near Roxen north of Linköping was established in 1128, and the oldest parts of the cathedral are also from the 12th century (although it has been changed many times since then, the eye-catching tower being a 19th century product). At several occasions, attempts to achieve a separate Swedish archdiocese were based in Linköping, though when they finally were successfu ...
See also:Linköping, Linköping - History, Linköping - Politics, Linköping - Culture, Linköping - Sports, Linköping - Notable natives Read more here: » Linköping: Encyclopedia II - Linköping - History |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - History of the Peerage - Plantagenet and Tudor Monarchs The manner of summoning barons to the Council was influential in the development of the Peerage. Ecclesiastical dignitaries and the greater barons were summoned by a writ of summons issued directly from the King, while lesser barons were summoned through the local sheriffs. Such a system existed as early as 1164, when Henry II withheld a personal summons to Thomas à Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, after engaging with him in a conflict with over the rights of the Church, instead subjecting him to a summons through a sheriff. For the rest o ...
See also:History of the Peerage, History of the Peerage - Feudal Origins, History of the Peerage - Plantagenet and Tudor Monarchs, History of the Peerage - Stuart Monarchs, History of the Peerage - Hanoverian Monarchs, History of the Peerage - Windsor Monarchs Read more here: » History of the Peerage: Encyclopedia II - History of the Peerage - Plantagenet and Tudor Monarchs |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Toba - Life When his mother passed away, his grandfather, Retired Emperor Shirakawa, took him under his care and raised him. He became emperor at the age of four upon the death of his father, Emperor Horikawa. Government affairs were controlled by his grandfather as cloistered emperor.
He abdicated in 1123. In 1129, after the death of Retired Emperor Shirakawa, he began to rule as cloistered emperor. He continued to hold power through the reigns of three emperors, Emperor Sutoku, Emperor Konoe, and Emperor Go-Shirakawa. In 1142, he became a ...
See also:Emperor Toba, Emperor Toba - Genealogy, Emperor Toba - Empresses, Emperor Toba - Life, Emperor Toba - Eras of his reign Read more here: » Emperor Toba: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Toba - Life |
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| | | | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration He was born in London sometime between 1115 and 1120, though most authorities agree that he was born on December 21, 1118 at Cheapside, to Gilbert of Thierceville, Normandy, France and Rosea or Matilda of Caen. His parents were of the upper-middle class near Rouen, and he received an excellent education in "Civil & Canon Law" at Merton Priory in England, and then overseas at Paris, Bologna, and Auxerre.
Upon returning to the Kingdom of England, he attracted the notice of Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, who entrusted him with s ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Viterbo - History Although Viterbo is very ancient, its precise origins are unknown. According to the notorious forger, Annio of Viterbo, it originated as an Etruscan town called Surrena. Under the baneful effects of local boosterism, this fabrication continues to be credited in certain quarters; but it has been demonstrated to be sheer invention, designed to endow his native town with an antiquity it did not possess.
At any rate, on the present site of Viterbo, or nearby, there was a little Roman colony (Vicus Elbii); whether this is the same centre referred to as Vetus Urbs ("Old City ...
See also:Viterbo, Viterbo - History, Viterbo - Landmarks, Viterbo - Patron Saints, Viterbo - La Macchina di Santa Rosa, Viterbo - Stampate Read more here: » Viterbo: Encyclopedia II - Viterbo - History |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - History of early Arab Egypt - The Fatimid Period Jauhar immediately began the building of a new city, Cairo, to furnish quarters for the army which he had brought. A palace for the Caliph and a mosque for the army were immediately constructed, which for many centuries remained the centre of Muslim learning. However, the Carmathians of Damascus under Hasan al-Asam advanced through Palestine to Egypt, and in the autumn of 971 Jauhar found himself besieged in his new city. By a timely sortie, preceded by the administration of bribes to various officers in the Carmathian h ...
See also:History of early Arab Egypt, History of early Arab Egypt - The Arab Conquest of Egypt, History of early Arab Egypt - The Fatimid Period, History of early Arab Egypt - Ayyubid Period, History of early Arab Egypt - Bahri Mameluk dynasty, History of early Arab Egypt - Period of Burji Mamelukes Read more here: » History of early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia II - History of early Arab Egypt - The Fatimid Period |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Life and reign In 1147 Frederick became duke of Swabia and shortly afterwards made his first trip to the East, accompanying his uncle, the German king Conrad III, on the Second Crusade. The expedition proved to be a disaster, but Frederick distinguished himself and won the complete confidence of the king. When Conrad died in February 1152, only Frederick and the prince-bishop of Bamberg were at his deathbed. Both asserted afterwards that Conrad had, in full possession of his mental powers, handed the royal insignia to Frederick and indicated that he, rathe ...
See also:Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Life and reign, Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Frederick's descendents by his wife Beatrice, Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Sources, Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Fiction about Frederick I Read more here: » Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia II - Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Life and reign |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Bologna - History Bologna was founded by the Etruscans with the name Felsina (ca. 534 BC) in an area previously long inhabitated by the villanovians, a people of farmers and shepherds. The Etruscan city grew around a sanctuary built on a hill, and was surrounded by a necropolis. In the 4th century BC the city was conquered by the Gauls Boii, whence the ancient name Bononia of the Roman colony (c. 189 BC) created after the conquest in 191 BC. The settlers included 3,000 Latin families led by the consuls Lucius Valerius Flaccus, Marcus Atilius Ser ...
See also:Bologna, Bologna - History, Bologna - Overview, Bologna - Transport, Bologna - Demographics, Bologna - Cuisine, Bologna - The University, Bologna - Famous residents Read more here: » Bologna: Encyclopedia II - Bologna - History |
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| | | | | 1164: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration Thomas Becket (also known as Thomas à Becket1, although many people consider this incorrect) was born in London sometime between 1115 and 1120, though most authorities agree that he was born December 21, 1118, at Cheapside, to Gilbert of Thierceville, Normandy, France, and Rosea or Matilda of Caen. His parents were of the upper-middle class near Rouen, and Thomas never knew hardship as a child. One of Thomas's father's rich friends, Richer de L'aigle, saw something in Thomas. He often invited Thomas ...
See also:Thomas Becket, Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration, Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162, Thomas Becket - The constitutions of Clarendon, Thomas Becket - Becket leaves England, Thomas Becket - Assassination, Thomas Becket - Aftermath and cultural references, Thomas Becket - Trivia, Thomas Becket - Note Read more here: » Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia II - Thomas Becket - Life before his consecration |
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