1164 - Article Index

Encyclopedia - Cologne Cathedral: Encyclopedia - Cologne Cathedral
Cologne Cathedral (German: Kölner Dom) is one of the best-known architectural monuments in Germany and has been Cologne's most famous la...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cologne: Encyclopedia - Cologne
Cologne (German: Köln ▶ (help·info) [kœln]; Kölsch: Kölle) is Germany's fourth largest city after Berlin, Hamburg and Munich. Colo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uppsala: Encyclopedia - Uppsala
Uppsala [ˈɵpˌsɑ:la] (older spelling Upsala) 59°51′N 17°38′E is a Swedish City in central Sweden, located about 70 km north of S...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ulm: Encyclopedia - Ulm
Ulm is a city in the German Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg (about 100 km south-east of Stuttgart). Its population is around 120,000. Th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tver: Encyclopedia - Tver
Tver (Russian: Тверь) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Tver Oblast. Formerly the capital of a powerful medieval stat...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antipope: Encyclopedia - Antipope
An antipope is one whose claim to being Pope is the result of a disputed or contested election. These antipopes were usually in oppositio...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vladimir: Encyclopedia - Vladimir
56°09′N 40°25′E Vladimir (Russian: Влади́мир) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Vladimir Oblast. It is loca...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Viterbo: Encyclopedia - Viterbo
Viterbo is an ancient town and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of Viterbo province. It is approximately 100 kilo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1176: Encyclopedia - 1176
1176 - Events. May 22 - Murder attempt by the Hashshashin on Saladin near Aleppo Raynald of Chatillon released from prison in Aleppo M...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - 1119: Encyclopedia - 1119
1119 - Events. February 2 - Callixtus II becomes Pope August 20 - Henry I of England routes Louis VI at the Battle of Bremule. Battle ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - August 23: Encyclopedia - August 23
August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. August 23 - Events. 1...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Baron: Encyclopedia - Baron
Baron is a specific title of nobility or a more generic feudal qualification. The word baron comes from French baron, itself from Frankis...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bologna: Encyclopedia - Bologna
Bologna (from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in the local dialect) is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy, between the Po Rive...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vladimir: Encyclopedia Ii - Vladimir - History
Vladimir - Foundation date controversy. The area occupied by the city of Vladimir has been inhabited by humans (at least intermittently...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tver: Encyclopedia Ii - Tver - Grand Princedom
Mikhail of Tver, who ascended the throne of Vladimir in 1305, was one of the most beloved of medieval Russian rulers. His policy of open ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tver: Encyclopedia Ii - Tver - Medieval Origins
The first written record of Tver is dated 1164. Originally a minor settlement of Novgorodian traders, it passed to the Grand Prince of Vl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nur Ad-din: Encyclopedia Ii - Nur Ad-din - Unification Of The Muslim Kingdom
It was Nur ad-Din's dream to unite the various Muslim forces between the Euphrates and the Nile to make a common front against the crusad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Baron: Encyclopedia Ii - Baron - Western European Feudal Titles
Baron - The British Isles. In the British peerage system, barons rank after viscounts. A female of baronial rank has the honorific baro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Ulm: Encyclopedia Ii - Ulm - Geography
Ulm lies at the entry of the Blau river and the Iller river into the Danube. Most of the city lies on the left bank of the Danube; only t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Uppsala: Encyclopedia Ii - Uppsala - History
Uppsala was originally located a few kilometers to the north, at a location now known as Gamla Uppsala (Old Uppsala). Today's Uppsala was...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Lordship Of Sidon: Encyclopedia Ii - Lordship Of Sidon - Lords Of Sidon
Lordship of Sidon - Lordship of the Schuf. The Schuf was created out of the Lordship of Sidon as a vassal around 1170. It was centred o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Rhys Ap Gruffydd: Encyclopedia Ii - Rhys Ap Gruffydd - Early Reign
About this time Rhys came under pressure from Owain Gwynedd, who was seeking to take Ceredigion back. In response Rhys built Aberdyfi Cas...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Styria Duchy: Encyclopedia Ii - Styria Duchy - Religious History Of Styria
The Protestant Reformation made its way into the country about 1530. Duke Karl (ruling 1564-90), whose wife was the Catholic Duchess Mari...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Amalric I Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Amalric I Of Jerusalem - Conflicts With The Muslim States
As a Crusader state Jerusalem was constantly in a state of war. Since Baldwin III's blunder by attacking allied Damascus during the Secon...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bologna: Encyclopedia Ii - Bologna - History
Bologna was founded by the Etruscans with the name Felsina (ca. 534 BC) in an area previously long inhabited by the villanovians, a peopl...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Archbishop Of Uppsala: Encyclopedia Ii - Archbishop Of Uppsala - Archbishop Before The Reformation
Archbishop of Uppsala - 12th century. 1164-1185 Stefan 1185-1187 Johannes. Johannes was ordained by the Archbishop of Lund, Absalon b...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bohemund Iii Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Bohemund Iii Of Antioch - Prince Of Antioch
In 1164, Bohemund and Raymond III of Tripoli marched out to relieve Harim, under siege from Nur ad-Din, but when Nur ad-Din retreated Boh...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Raymond Iii Of Tripoli: Encyclopedia Ii - Raymond Iii Of Tripoli - Raymond And The Nobles' Party
Raymond also was drawn into the developing strife in the kingdom. Economically, the opposing sides were the established barons who drew r...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Early Swedish History: Encyclopedia Ii - Early Swedish History - Christianization And Struggle For Power
Under his son and successor Olof, surnamed Skötkonung, Christianity was fully established in Sweden. Olaf Tryggvason, the king of Norway...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Third Crusade: Encyclopedia Ii - Third Crusade - Background
After the failure of the Second Crusade, Nur ad-Din had control of Damascus and a unified Syria. Third Crusade - Muslim unification. Ea...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Linköping: Encyclopedia Ii - Linköping - History
Historically, Linköping is famed for being an early diocese, second in Sweden (within its pre-1658 boundaries) only to Skara. The monast...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Peerage: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Peerage - Plantagenet And Tudor Monarchs
The manner of summoning barons to the Council was influential in the development of the Peerage. Ecclesiastical dignitaries and the great...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Toba: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Toba - Life
When his mother passed away, his grandfather, Retired Emperor Shirakawa, took him under his care and raised him. He became emperor at the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Emperor Rokujo: Encyclopedia Ii - Emperor Rokujo - Life
He was made Crown Prince before his first birthday, and was enthroned at the age of one. He was later pressured by the Taira clan to abdi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Shrine Of The Three Kings At Cologne Cathedral: Encyclopedia Ii - Shrine Of The Three Kings At Cologne Cathedral - History
The relics of the Magi were taken from Milan by Holy Roman Emperor Fredrick Barbarossa and given to the Archbishop of Cologne, Rainald of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Life Before His Consecration
He was born in London sometime between 1115 and 1120, though most authorities agree that he was born on December 21, 1118 at Cheapside, t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Viterbo: Encyclopedia Ii - Viterbo - History
Although Viterbo is very ancient, its precise origins are unknown. According to the notorious forger, Annio of Viterbo, it originated as ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - The Fatimid Period
Jauhar immediately began the building of a new city, Cairo, to furnish quarters for the army which he had brought. A palace for the Calip...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor: Encyclopedia Ii - Frederick I Holy Roman Emperor - Life And Reign
In 1147 Frederick became duke of Swabia and shortly afterwards made his first trip to the East, accompanying his uncle, the German king C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bologna: Encyclopedia Ii - Bologna - History
Bologna was founded by the Etruscans with the name Felsina (ca. 534 BC) in an area previously long inhabitated by the villanovians, a peo...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Life Before His Consecration
Thomas Becket (also known as Thomas à Becket1, although many people consider this incorrect) was born in London sometime between 1115 an...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Henry Ii Of England: Encyclopedia Ii - Henry Ii Of England - Biography
He was born on 5 March 1133 at Le Mans to the Empress Matilda and her second husband, Geoffrey the Fair, Count of Anjou. Brought up in An...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Cologne: Encyclopedia Ii - Cologne - History
Main article: History of Cologne Cologne became a city in 50 A.D. In 310 Constantine built a bridge over the Rhine at Cologne. Cologne ha...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gamla Uppsala: Encyclopedia Ii - Gamla Uppsala - The Royal Mounds
The Royal mounds (Swedish Kungshögarna) is the name for the three large barrows which are located in Gamla Uppsala. They are dated to th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Inheritance In The Kingdom Of Jerusalem
Lordships in the Kingdom of Jerusalem were usually hereditary, in principle, but in practice the circumstances were such that their holde...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Becoming A Knight
During the High Middle Ages, it was technically possible for every free man to become a knight, but the process of becoming (and the equi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thierry Count Of Flanders: Encyclopedia Ii - Thierry Count Of Flanders - Life
After the murder of his cousin Charles the Good in 1127, Thierry claimed the county of Flanders as grandson of Robert I, but William Clit...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Antipope: Encyclopedia Ii - Antipope - Sedevacantist Antipopes
Some breakaway Catholics today, called sedevacantists, claim the current Popes are heretics for various reforms which sedevacantists see ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Rulers Of Bosnia: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Rulers Of Bosnia - Bosnian Kingdom
1353 (1357?) - 1391 (Ban 1353-1377, King 1377-1391) Tvrtko I of Kotroman (born 1338?, died 1391) Nephew of Stephen Kotromanić. Crowned h...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sverre Of Norway: Encyclopedia Ii - Sverre Of Norway - Early Life
According to the saga, Sverre was born in 1151 to Gunnhild and her husband Unås, a comb maker from the Faeroes. When Sverre was five, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Life Before His Consecration
Thomas Becket was born in London sometime between 1115 and 1120, though most authorities agree that he was born on December 21, 1118 at C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Somerled: Encyclopedia Ii - Somerled - Somhairle Mòr Mac Gille Brìghde
Somerled Rex Insularum. Somerled (English) - Sumarlidi (Norse) - Somhairle (Scottish) Somerled first appears in historical chronicles in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Principality Of Galilee: Encyclopedia Ii - Principality Of Galilee - Princes Of Galilee
(Italicized names are of titular princes.) Tancred, Prince of Galilee (1099–1101) Hugh of St. Omer (1105–?) Gervaise de Bazoches Jos...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Baron: Encyclopedia Ii - Baron - Western European Feudal Titles
Baron - The British Isles. In the British peerage system, barons come after viscounts. A female of baronial rank has the honorific baro...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Song Dynasty: Encyclopedia Ii - Song Dynasty - Arts Culture And Economy
The founders of the Song dynasty built an effective centralized bureaucracy staffed with civilian scholar-officials. Regional military go...   » Read the article

Article - Popular Topic Pages Ii - 17
This is a sitemap for popular topic pages at Global Oneness. Click on a link and you will find multiple articles related to the topic: ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem - County Of Jaffa And Ascalon
Main article: County of Jaffa and Ascalon Jaffa, on the Mediterranean coast, was fortified after the First Crusade, and was a separate co...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Tver: Encyclopedia Ii - Tver - Grand Princedom
Mikhail of Tver, who ascended the throne of Vladimir in 1305, was one of the most beloved of medieval Russian rulers. His policy of open ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Early Swedish History: Encyclopedia Ii - Early Swedish History - 10th Century
The Swedish vikings also played a role in the west during the later Viking Age. This first occurred during the conquest of England under ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Early Swedish History: Encyclopedia Ii - Early Swedish History - Kalmar Union
See also: Kalmar Union In 1388, at the request of the Swedes themselves, Albert was driven out by Queen Margaret of Denmark and at a conv...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Styria Duchy: Encyclopedia Ii - Styria Duchy - Steiermark
In the 10th century a part of Styria was separated from Carinthia under the name of the Carinthian March; it was also named the Windic Ma...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Knighthood And The Feudal System
Knighthood was closely connected with the feudal system. Originating largely in what later became known as France, this was a social orga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Lordship Of Oultrejordain
Main article: Lordship of Oultrejordain The Lordship of Oultrejordain, consisting of land with an undefined boundary to the east of the J...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Bohemund Iii Of Antioch: Encyclopedia Ii - Bohemund Iii Of Antioch - Later Life And Death
In 1190 Bohemund met the remnants of the German contingent arriving on the Third Crusade; Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, had died on th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Honorific Orders
From roughly 1560, purely honorific orders were established, designed as a way to confer prestige and distinction, unrelated to military ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Styria Duchy: Encyclopedia Ii - Styria Duchy - Styria In The First Millennium
The Roman history of Styria is as part of Noricum and Pannonia, with a Celtic population of the Taurisci. During the great migrations, va...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Principality Of Galilee
Main article: Principality of Galilee The Principality of Galilee was established by Tancred in 1099. The principality became the fief of...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem: Encyclopedia Ii - Vassals Of The Kingdom Of Jerusalem - Lordship Of Sidon
Main article: Lordship of Sidon Sidon was captured in 1110 and given to Eustace I Grenier. Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem - Lordshi...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Styria Duchy: Encyclopedia Ii - Styria Duchy - 20th Century
Following World War I, Styria was divided in the Treaty of Saint Germain. Lower Styria with the cities of Celje and Maribor became part o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Linköping: Encyclopedia Ii - Linköping - Politics
Although not renamed a city district (stad), like other major urban municipalities in Sweden have been, the municipality of Linköping do...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nur Ad-din: Encyclopedia Ii - Nur Ad-din - Legacy
According to William of Tyre, although Nur ad-Din was “a mighty persecutor of the Christian name and faith,” he was also “a just pr...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sverre Of Norway: Encyclopedia Ii - Sverre Of Norway - The Bagler War
During spring 1196 the Bagler party was formed at Halør in Denmark in opposition against Sverre. Their leaders were Nikolas Arnesson, th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nur Ad-din: Encyclopedia Ii - Nur Ad-din - Death And Succession
During this time Nur ad-Din was busy in the north, fighting the Ortoqids, and in 1170 he had to settle a dispute between his nephews when...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thierry Count Of Flanders: Encyclopedia Ii - Thierry Count Of Flanders - Family
His first wife, Marguerite or Suanhilde, died in 1133, leaving only one daughter, Laurette of Flanders, who married four times: Iwain, C...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sverre Of Norway: Encyclopedia Ii - Sverre Of Norway - Troubled Reign
Now that the dissatisfied priest and his band of vagrants and outcasts had become King and rulers of Norway, Sverre worked to consolidate...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Sverre Of Norway: Encyclopedia Ii - Sverre Of Norway - Rise To Power
Upon Sverre's initial contact, the Birkebeiners had been reduced to a ragtag army of brigands and vagabonds with no more than 70 men, acc...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nur Ad-din: Encyclopedia Ii - Nur Ad-din - The War Against The Crusaders
See also: Jihad Nur ad-Din was the second son of Imad ad-Din Zengi, the Turkish atabeg of Aleppo and Mosul, who was a devoted enemy of th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Becket Leaves England
Becket denied the right of the assembly to judge him, appealed to the Pope, and, asserting that his life was too valuable to the Church t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Assassination
The tension between the two men would only be relieved by catastrophe. Passionate words from the angry king (reputedly "Who will rid me o...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Archbishop 1162
At once there took place before the eyes of the astonished king and country an unexpected transformation in the character of the new arch...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - The Constitutions Of Clarendon
Henry called another assembly at Clarendon for January 30, 1164, at which he presented his demands in sixteen constitutions. What he aske...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Peerage: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Peerage - Hanoverian Monarchs
The Act of Settlement 1701 permitted the Crown to devolve, after Anne's death, upon George, Elector of Hanover, the Queen's closest Prote...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Peerage: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Peerage - Stuart Monarchs
In 1603, James VI of Scotland became King James I of England. Scotland's Peerage then became subject to many of the same principles as th...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Aftermath And Cultural References
Local legends in England connected with Becket arose after his canonization. Though they are typical hagiographical stories, they also di...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Assassination
The tension between the two men would only be relieved by catastrophe. Passionate words from the angry king (reputedly "Will no one rid m...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Gamla Uppsala: Encyclopedia Ii - Gamla Uppsala - Archaeology
People have been buried in Gamla Uppsala for 2000 years, since the area rose above water. Originally there were between 2000 and 3000 mou...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Nur Ad-din: Encyclopedia Ii - Nur Ad-din - The War Against The Crusaders
See also: Jihad Nur ad-Din was the second son of Imad ad-Din Zengi, the atabeg of Aleppo and Mosul, who was a devoted enemy of the crusad...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Thomas Becket: Encyclopedia Ii - Thomas Becket - Becket Leaves England
Becket denied the right of the assembly to judge him, appealed to the Pope, and, asserting that his life was too valuable to the Church t...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Linköping: Encyclopedia Ii - Linköping - Culture
Linköping is the home of the multi-purpose Östergötland County Museum and of the Linköping Symphony Orchestra. The city is one of the...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of The Peerage: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of The Peerage - Feudal Origins
The Peerage may trace its origins as far back as the Anglo-Saxon times. Saxon Kings did not rule alone, but were aided by an aristocracy....   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Third Crusade: Encyclopedia Ii - Third Crusade - Aftermath
Richard was captured by Duke Leopold, whose pride had been wounded when Richard tore his standard from the walls of Acre. It took a ranso...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Early Heavy Cavalry
The origin of heavily armoured cavalry (Cataphractes) lies in Sassanid Persia, and medieval chivalry absorbed many Persian traditions in ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Knighthood And The Feudal System
Knighthood was closely connected with the feudal system. Originating largely in what later became known as France, this was a social orga...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - History
The word knight derives from Old English cniht, meaning page boy, or servant (as is still the case in the cognate Dutch and German knecht...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - Period Of Burji Mamelukes
The Burji dynasty (1382-1517) proved especially turbulent, with political power-plays designating short-lived sultans. During the Burji d...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - History Of Early Arab Egypt: Encyclopedia Ii - History Of Early Arab Egypt - Bahri Mameluk Dynasty
The Mameluk sultans were drawn from the enfranchized slaves who formed the court and officered the arm. The sultans were unable to effect...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Military-monastic Orders
Other orders were established in the Iberian peninsula in imitation of the orders in the Holy Land, in Avis in 1143, in Alcantara in 1156...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Knight: Encyclopedia Ii - Knight - Honorific Orders
From roughly 1560, purely honorific orders were established, designed as a way to confer prestige and distinction, unrelated to military ...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Song Dynasty: Encyclopedia Ii - Song Dynasty - Song Dynasty Emperors
Convention: "Song" + temple name or posthumous name except last emperor who was revered as Song Di Bing (宋帝昺 Sòng Dì Bǐng). Son...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - Vladimir: Encyclopedia Ii - Vladimir - Sightseeings
Modern Vladimir is a part of the Golden ring of the ancient Russian cities and a significant tourist center. Its three chief monuments, i...   » Read the article

Encyclopedia - List Of Rulers Of Bosnia: Encyclopedia Ii - List Of Rulers Of Bosnia - Modern Times
1920-1941 Bosnia and Herzegovina became part of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, after 1929 called the Kingdom of Yugoslav...   » Read the article