1066

1066 - Events. January 6 - Harold II is crowned King of England the day after Edward the Confessor dies. September 20 - Tostig Godwinson and Harald Hardraada of Norway invade England, landing at Riccall just south of York. September 25 - Harold II defeats Tostig and Harald Hardraada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge, killing both. September 28 - Norman Conquest: William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, invades England. October 14 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hast ...

Including:

• 1066 - Events
• 1066 - Births
• 1066 - Deaths

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Common law originally developed under the auspices of the adversarial system in historical England from judicial decisions that were based in tradition, custom, and precedent. Such forms of legal institutions and culture bear resemblance to those which existed historically in continental Europe and other societies where precedent and custom have at times played a substantial role in the legal process, including Germanic law recorded in Roman historical chronicles. The form of reasoning used in common law is known as casuistry or case-based r ...

See also:

Common law, Common law - History of the common law, Common law - Common law legal systems, Common law - Basic principles of common law, Common law - Works on the common law

Read more here: » Common law: Encyclopedia II - Common law - History of the common law

The Bishop of Durham is the officer of the Church of England responsible for the diocese of Durham, one of the oldest in the country. He is the senior Anglican bishop in the province of York, and sits in the House of Lords. The current Bishop of Durham is, as of 2005, Tom Wright. Other duties of the Bishop of Durham include (with the Bishop of Bath and Wells) escorting the sovereign at the coronation. He is officially styled The Right Reverend Father in God, (Name), by Divine Permission Lord Bishop of Durham, but this fu ...

Including:

• Bishop of Durham - Two kings in England
• Bishop of Durham - Origin of the Prince Bishops
• Bishop of Durham - Northumbria at the time of the Conquest
• Bishop of Durham - The Earl-Bishop of Northumbria
• Bishop of Durham - Northumbria partitioned - Northumberland and Durham
• Bishop of Durham - The Prince Bishops and their powers
• Bishop of Durham - List of Bishops of Durham
• Bishop of Durham - Roman Catholic Bishops
• Bishop of Durham - Roman Catholic Prince-Bishops
• Bishop of Durham - The Reformation
• Bishop of Durham - Church of England Prince-Bishops
• Bishop of Durham - Church of England Bishops

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United Kingdom This article is part of the series: Politics of the United Kingdom Parliament The Crown: Queen Elizabeth II House of Lords Lord Chancellor: Lord Falconer House of Commons Speaker: Michael Martin Prime Minister: Tony Blair Cabinet Government departments Scottish Parliament Scottish ExecutiveIncluding:

• Parliament of the United Kingdom - History
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Parliament of England
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Parliament of Scotland
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Parliament of Ireland
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Parliament of Great Britain
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Parliament of the United Kingdom
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Modern era
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Composition
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Procedure
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Term
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Legislative functions
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Judicial functions
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Relationship with the Government
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Sovereignty
• Parliament of the United Kingdom - Privileges

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This is a list of the monarchs of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, that is, the monarchs on the thrones of some of the various kingdoms that have existed in the British Isles, namely: The Kingdom of England, from 871 (including Wales from the Act of Union 1536-1543) up to 1707; The Kingdom of Scotland, from 843 up to 1707; The Lordship of Ireland, from 1199 up to 1541; The Kingdom of Ireland, from 1541 up to 1801; The Kingdom of Great Britain, from the Acts of ...

Including:

• List of monarchs in the British Isles - Complications over Title and Style
• List of monarchs in the British Isles - Monarchs
• List of monarchs in the British Isles - Mnemonics
• List of monarchs in the British Isles - Notes

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The Bishopric and Archbishopric of Trier was one of the important ecclesiastical principalities of the Holy Roman Empire. Unlike the other Rhenish archbishoprics— Mainz and Cologne— Trier, as the important Roman provincial capital of Augusta Treverorum, had been the seat of a bishop since Roman times. It was raised to to archepiscopal status during the reign of Charlemagne, whose will mentio ...

Including:

• Archbishopric of Trier - Reference
• Archbishopric of Trier - Bishops and Archbishops of Augusta Treverorum 50-791
• Archbishopric of Trier - Archbishops of Trier 791-1242
• Archbishopric of Trier - Archbishop-Electors of Trier 1242-1803
• Archbishopric of Trier - Modern Bishops of Trier 1801-present

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Benno [of Meissen] (1010 - June 16, 1106), bishop of Meissen, was the son of Werner, count of Woldbnburg, was educated at Gosslar, and in 1066 was nominated by the emperor Henry IV to the see of Meissen. In the troubles between empire and papacy that followed Benno took part against the emperor. In 1085 he was deposed by the synod of Mainz, but after the death of Pope Gregory VII he submitted, and on the recommendation of the imperialist Pope Clement III was restor ...

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2 Population sans doubles comptes, i.e. not counting those people already counted in another commune (such as students and military personal). Bayeux is a small town and commune in the Calvados département, in Normandy, northwestern France. Bayeux - Administration. Bayeux is a sous-préfecture of Calvados. It is the chief-town of the arrondissement of Bayeux and of the canton of Bayeux. Bayeux - Location. Bayeux is lo ...

Including:

• Bayeux - Administration
• Bayeux - Location
• Bayeux - History
• Bayeux - Sights
• Bayeux - Miscellaneous
• Bayeux - Bishops
• Bayeux - Births

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The Bayeux Tapestry (French: La Tapisserie de Bayeux) is a 50cm by 70m (20in by 230ft) long embroidered cloth which depicts scenes commemorating the Battle of Hastings, with annotations in Latin. The embroidered tapestry is presently exhibited in a special museum in Bayeux, Normandy, France. Bayeux Tapestry - Origins of the Tapestry. Since the earliest known written reference to the tapestry in a 1476 inventory of the Bayeux Cathedral, its origins have been the subject of much speculation and ...

Including:

• Bayeux Tapestry - Origins of the Tapestry
• Bayeux Tapestry - Modern history of the tapestry
• Bayeux Tapestry - The story of the tapestry
• Bayeux Tapestry - Mysteries of the tapestry
• Bayeux Tapestry - The aftermath
• Bayeux Tapestry - Gallery
• Bayeux Tapestry - Additional Resources

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The British Isles is a term traditionally given to the group of islands off the northwest coast of Europe including Great Britain (containing England, Scotland, and Wales), Ireland, and several thousand smaller adjacent islands. The name was extensively used historically, derived from when the island of Great Britain was called Britannias, and Ireland and the other islands near Great Britain were called Britanniae (the Latin genitive case meaning of Britannias.) In 1922 most of the island of Ireland ceased to be i ...

Including:

• British Isles - List of the British Isles
• British Isles - Origin of the term British Isles
• British Isles - Classical geographers
• British Isles - Native sources
• British Isles - Renaissance mapmakers
• British Isles - Modern historians
• British Isles - Subsequent political history
• British Isles - Problems with modern usage
• British Isles - Alternative terms
• British Isles - Footnotes

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In practice, the Earl of Oxford The Battle of Bosworth or Bosworth Field was an important battle during the Wars of the Roses in 15th century England. It was fought on 22 August 1485 between the Yorkist King Richard III, the last of the Plantagenet dynasty, and the Lancastrian contender for the crown, Henry Tudor, 2nd Earl of Richmond (later King Henry VII). It ended in the defeat and death of Richard and the establishment of the Tudor dynasty. Historically, the battle is considered to have marked the end of the Wars of ...

Including:

• Battle of Bosworth Field - The Campaign and its politics
• Battle of Bosworth Field - The Battle
• Battle of Bosworth Field - Consequences
• Battle of Bosworth Field - Location
• Battle of Bosworth Field - Popular culture

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Anglo-Saxon literature (or Old English literature) encompasses literature written in Anglo-Saxon (Old English) during the 600-year Anglo-Saxon period of Britain, from the mid-5th century to the Norman Conquest of 1066. These works include genres such as epic poetry, hagiography, sermons, Bible translations, legal works, chronicles, riddles, and others. In all there are about 400 surviving manuscripts from the period, a signifi ...

Including:

• Anglo-Saxon literature - Overview
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Old English Poetry
• Anglo-Saxon literature - The poets
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Heroic poems
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Wisdom poetry
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Classical and Latin poetry
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Christian poetry
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Other poems
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Specific features of Anglo-Saxon poetry
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Old English prose
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Christian prose
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Secular prose
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Historiography
• Anglo-Saxon literature - Notes

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1. In common with the rest of the UK. 2. No official anthem. God Save the Queen is traditionally the UK national anthem. See national symbols below. Scotland (Alba in Gaelic) is a nation in northwest Europe and a constituent country of the United Kingdom. The country occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain and shares a land border to the south with England and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the ...

Including:

• Scotland - Etymology
• Scotland - History
• Scotland - Politics
• Scotland - Law
• Scotland - Subdivisions
• Scotland - Geography
• Scotland - Climate
• Scotland - Economy
• Scotland - Demographics
• Scotland - Language
• Scotland - Religion
• Scotland - Education
• Scotland - Culture
• Scotland - Music
• Scotland - Literature
• Scotland - Sport
• Scotland - Media
• Scotland - National symbols
• Scotland - Gallery of Images

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As a means of recording the passage of time, the 11th century was that century which lasted from 1001 to 1100. In the history of European culture, this period is considered the early part of the High Middle Ages. 11th century - Overview. 11th century - Events. 1000, foundation of the Christian Kingdom of Hungary 1001, Mahmud of Ghazni, Muslim leader of Ghazni, begins raids into Northern India; he finishes in 1027. Circa ...

Including:

• 11th century - Overview
• 11th century - Events
• 11th century - Significant people
• 11th century - Inventions discoveries introductions
• 11th century - Decades and years

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King Arthur is an important figure in the mythology of Great Britain, where he appears as the ideal of kingship in both war and peace. He is the central character in the cycle of legends known as the Matter of Britain. There is disagreement about whether Arthur, or a model for him, ever actually existed. In the earliest mentions and in Welsh texts, he is never given the title "King." Early texts refer to him as a dux bellorum ("war leader"), and High Medieval Welsh texts often call him an ameraudur ("emperor"; the ...

Including:

• King Arthur - The Arthur of history
• King Arthur - Earliest traditions of Arthur
• King Arthur - The Arthurian romance
• King Arthur - Arthur's swords
• King Arthur - Arthur in various media
• King Arthur - Literature
• King Arthur - Plays
• King Arthur - Opera
• King Arthur - Film
• King Arthur - Television
• King Arthur - Other media
• King Arthur - Bibliography

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A jury is a sworn body of persons convened to render an impartial verdict (finding of fact) on a legal question officially submitted to them, or to set a penalty or judgement in a jury trial of a court of law. Jury - Overview. In most criminal justice systems which require a jury, panels are initially selected at random from the adult population of the district served by the court concerned. A person who is serving on (is a member of) a jury is known as a juror. The requirements for a jury are ...

Including:

• Jury - Overview
• Jury - Selection
• Jury - Verdicts
• Jury - Secrecy and independence
• Jury - Imposition of penalties for guilty verdicts
• Jury - Trial procedures
• Jury - France Napoleonic code
• Jury - United States Common Law

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England is a nation and the largest and most populous constituent country of the United Kingdom accounting for more than 83% of the total UK population. It occupies most of the southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain and shares land borders with fellow home nations Scotland, to the north, and Wales, to the west. Elsewhere, it is bordered by the sea. England is named after the Angles, one of a number of Germanic tribes believed to have originated in Angeln in Northern Germany, who settled in England in the 5th and 6th ...

Including:

• England - History
• England - Politics
• England - Subdivisions
• England - Geography
• England - Major rivers
• England - Major conurbations
• England - Economy
• England - Demographics
• England - English identity
• England - Culture
• England - Languages
• England - Nomenclature
• England - Symbols and insignia
• England - National anthems

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Al-Andalus - Conquest and early years. In 711 AD, a Moorish Islamic army from North Africa invaded Visigoth Hispania. Under their leader Tariq ibn-Ziyad, a small force landed at Gibraltar on April 30, 711. After a decisive victory at the Battle of Guadalete on July 19, 711, Tariq ibn-Ziyad brought most of the Iberian Peninsula under Islamic rule in a seven-year campaign. They moved northeast across the Pyrenees but were defeated by the Frank Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours in 732. The Iberian peninsula, exc ...

Including:

• Al-Andalus - History
• Al-Andalus - Conquest and early years
• Al-Andalus - The Emirate and Caliphate of Córdoba
• Al-Andalus - The First Taifa Period
• Al-Andalus - Almoravids Almohads and Marīnids
• Al-Andalus - The Emirate of Granada
• Al-Andalus - Aftermath
• Al-Andalus - Culture
• Al-Andalus - Non-Muslims Dhimmi under the Caliphate
• Al-Andalus - Philosophy
• Al-Andalus - Etymology of al-Andalus
• Al-Andalus - Vandalícia
• Al-Andalus - Atlántida
• Al-Andalus - Landahlauts

Read more here: » Al-Andalus: Encyclopedia - Al-Andalus

The Anglo-Normans were the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William of Normandy in 1066. They spoke the Anglo-Norman language. Following the Battle of Hastings, the invading Normans and their descendants formed a distinct population in England. To all outward appearance the Norman Conquest of England was an event of an altogether different character from the Danish conquest. The former was a conquest by a people whose tongue and institutions were still palpably akin to those of the English. ...

Including:

• Anglo-Norman - Ireland

Read more here: » Anglo-Norman: Encyclopedia - Anglo-Norman

Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. It is a West Germanic language and therefore is similar to Old Frisian and Old Saxon. It is also quite similar to Old Norse (and by extension, to modern Icelandic). Old English was not static, and its usage covered a period of approximately 700 years – from the Anglo-Saxon migrations which created England in the fi ...

Including:

• Old English language - Germanic origins
• Old English language - Latin influence
• Old English language - Viking influence
• Old English language - Celtic influence
• Old English language - Dialects
• Old English language - Phonology
• Old English language - Standardised orthography
• Old English language - The alphabet
• Old English language - Syntax
• Old English language - Morphology
• Old English language - Sample text

Read more here: » Old English language: Encyclopedia - Old English language