102 BC

The Cimbri were a Proto-Germanic tribe who according to Pliny the Elder lived on Jutland (Chersonesus Cimbrica), and the Jutish region of Himmerland (where the contemporary Gundestrup cauldron was found) is thought to preserve their name (cf. Grimm's law, K->H). The name has been analysed as the name kimme meaning "rim", i.e. the people of the coast[1], but there is also the hypothesis that the name is related to that of the Cimmerians. Charles Kingsley links the name to the word "Champ(ion)" which gives us the ...

Including:

• Cimbri - Moving south-east
• Cimbri - Invading Gaul
• Cimbri - Attacking the Roman Republic
• Cimbri - Defeat
• Cimbri - Culture

Read more here: » Cimbri: Encyclopedia - Cimbri

The following are some historical Germanic Confederations 230 BC - Bastarnae, a mixture of Germanic tribes, at the Black Sea; they participated in the siege of Olbia (modern Odessa) in 220 BC. 109 BC - Huge confederation composed of the Germanic of Cimbri and Teutoni and the Celtic-Germanic Helvetii formed near Miltenberg in Franconia. The confederation attempts an invasion of Italy but is defeated by Gaius Marius in the battles of Aquae Sextiae (102 BC) and Vercellae (101 BC) 8-6 B ...

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Aigues-Mortes is a city and commune in the Gard département, in southern France. Population (1999) : 6,084 (Aiguemortais). Aigues-Mortes - History. The foundation of the city is attributed to Marius Caius, around 102 BC, but the first document mentioning a place called "Ayga Mortas" (dead waters) dates from the 10th century. Louis IX of France (Saint Louis) rebuilt the port in the 13th century. It was the embarkation point of the Seventh and the Eighth crusades.

• Aigues-Mortes - History
• Aigues-Mortes - Sights
• Aigues-Mortes - Geography

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2 Population sans doubles comptes, i.e. not counting those people already counted in another commune (such as students and military personal). Aix (IPA: /ɛks/), or, to distinguish it from other cities built over hot springs, Aix-en-Provence is a city in southern France, some 30 km north of Marseille. It is located in the Provence region, in the Bouches-du-Rhône département, of which it is a sous-préfecture. Population ...

Including:

• Aix-en-Provence - History
• Aix-en-Provence - Geography
• Aix-en-Provence - Highlights
• Aix-en-Provence - Education
• Aix-en-Provence - Museums
• Aix-en-Provence - Economy
• Aix-en-Provence - Miscellaneous
• Aix-en-Provence - Births
• Aix-en-Provence - Twin towns

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 111 BC 110 BC 109 BC 108 BC 107 BC - 106 BC - 105 BC 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC 106 BC - Events. Sulla captured Jugurtha, thus ending the Jugurthine War. The Chinese and t ...

Including:

• 106 BC - Events
• 106 BC - Births
• 106 BC - Deaths

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The Caecilii Metellii was one of the most important and wealthiest families in the Roman Republic. Although plebeians (meaning not of patrician stock — the Caecilii Metelli were nobles) the Caecilii Metellii remained a political power within the state, from 3rd century BC to the end of the Republic, holding every office in the cursus honorum as well as several important military commands. Important members of the Caecilius Metellus clan include: Lucius Caecilius Metellus, consul 251 BC and 247 BC, died 221 ...

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Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC - 90s BC - 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC Years: 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC 99 BC 98 BC - 97 BC - 96 BC 95 BC 94 BC 93 BC 92 BC Births Deaths Events Categories: Incomplete lists | 97 BC ...

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 108 BC 107 BC 106 BC 105 BC 104 BC - 103 BC - 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC 99 BC 98 BC 103 BC - Events. Alexander Jannaeus succeeds his brother Aristobulus I as king of Judea. Tryphon and Athenion lead the Second Servile War in Sicily. 103 BC - Births. Including:

• 103 BC - Events
• 103 BC - Births
• 103 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 106 BC 105 BC 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC - 101 BC - 100 BC 99 BC 98 BC 97 BC 96 BC 101 BC - Events. The Roman consuls Marius and Catulus defeat the Cimbri in the Battle of Campi Raudii (or Battle of Vercellae). Ptolemy Apion inherits the kingdom of Cyrenaica. 101 BC - Births ...

Including:

• 101 BC - Events
• 101 BC - Births
• 101 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 101 BC: Encyclopedia - 101 BC

Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 109 BC 108 BC 107 BC 106 BC 105 BC - 104 BC - 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC 99 BC 104 BC - Events. Aristobulus I succeeds John Hyrcanus as king of Judea. Sima Qian starts writing his Shiji. Athenion starts a slave rebellion in Segesta. Gaius Marius is consul of Rome, the fir ...

Including:

• 104 BC - Events
• 104 BC - Births
• 104 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 104 BC: Encyclopedia - 104 BC

Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 110 BC 109 BC 108 BC 107 BC 106 BC - 105 BC - 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC 105 BC - Events. October 6 - The Battle of Arausio, where the Cimbri destroy two Roman armies on the Rhône, is the most severe defeat of Roman forces since the Battle of Cannae. Marius, together with the consul P. Ru ...

Including:

• 105 BC - Events
• 105 BC - Births
• 105 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC - 90s BC - 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC 40s BC Years: 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC 100 BC - 99 BC - 98 BC 97 BC 96 BC 95 BC 94 BC 99 BC - Events. Consul Manius Aquillius suppressed the rebellion in Sicily, thus ending the Second Servile War 99 BC - Births. Lucretius, Latin philosopher and poet 99 BC - Deaths. Gaius Servilius Glaucia - ally of ...

Including:

• 99 BC - Events
• 99 BC - Births
• 99 BC - Deaths

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44 BC - Events. End of Roman Republic period and establishment of Roman Empire. March 15 - (the Ides of March) - Julius Caesar, dictator of Rome, is assassinated by a group of Roman senators, amongst them being Gaius Cassius Longinus, Marcus Junius Brutus, and Caesar's Massilian naval commander, Decimus Brutus. Caesar's famous last quote - coined by William Shakespeare in his play Julius Caesar - was most likely not spoken. See: "Et tu, Brute?" . Early April - O ...

Including:

• 44 BC - Events
• 44 BC - Births
• 44 BC - Deaths

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Centuries: 2nd century BC - 1st century BC - 1st century Decades: 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC - 100s BC - 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC 60s BC 50s BC Years: 105 BC 104 BC 103 BC 102 BC 101 BC - 100 BC - 99 BC 98 BC 97 BC 96 BC 95 BC 100 BC - Events. Tigranes II of Armenia is placed on Armenian throne by the Parthians in exchange for the cession of "seventy valleys". (approximate date) Quintus Caecilus Metellus Numidicus is banished from Rome, as the only senator not to support the land redistribution plan of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus, a ...

Including:

• 100 BC - Events
• 100 BC - Births
• 100 BC - Deaths

Read more here: » 100 BC: Encyclopedia - 100 BC

Roman infantry was deployed, as the main body, facing the enemy, in three lines, with the cavalry or equites on their wings. The less experienced cohorts - usually the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, and 8th - were in the front; the more experienced cohorts - 1st, 5th, 7th, 9th, and 10th - were placed behind. They were deployed in a Quincunx checkered pattern, in Latin triplex acies, with archers and auxiliares in the spaces between the cohorts. Before each battle, the commander exorted his troops with a speech, and after that speech each soldier screamed his ...

See also:

Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - The King's age and the early Republic, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - Types of infantry, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - The late republic to the empire, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - Training, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - Formations and tactics, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - Roman strategies, Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - The Tetrarchy and late roman empire

Read more here: » Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations: Encyclopedia II - Roman infantry tactics strategy and battle formations - Formations and tactics

Starting about 113 BC, Emperor Wu appeared to begin to display further signs of abusing his power. He began to incessantly tour the commanderies, initially nearby Chang'an, but later extending to much farther places, worshipping the various gods on the way, perhaps again in the search of immortality. He also had a succession of magicians whom he honored with great things, even, in one case, making one a marquess and marrying a daughter to him. (That magician, after he was exposed to be a fraud, however, was executed.) Emperor Wu's expenditur ...

See also:

Emperor Wu of Han, Emperor Wu of Han - Background birth and years as crown prince, Emperor Wu of Han - Early reign: the young years, Emperor Wu of Han - Maturity in reign and territorial expansion, Emperor Wu of Han - Further territorial expansion old age and paranoia, Emperor Wu of Han - The Crown Prince Ju revolt, Emperor Wu of Han - Late reign and death, Emperor Wu of Han - Legacy, Emperor Wu of Han - Bisexuality?, Emperor Wu of Han - Personal information, Emperor Wu of Han - Era names, Emperor Wu of Han - Notes

Read more here: » Emperor Wu of Han: Encyclopedia II - Emperor Wu of Han - Further territorial expansion old age and paranoia

In 105 BC, Rome and its new consuls Quintus Servilius Caepio and Gnaeus Mallius Maximus decided they had had enough of these invaders. So to settle the matter once and for all, the Republic gathered the largest force it had fielded since the Second Punic War, possibly the largest force it had ever sent to battle, with over 80,000 troops along with tens of thousands of support personel and camp followers in two armies, one led by Cepio and one led by Maximus. The consuls led their armies on their own armed migration to the Rhône River ...

See also:

Cimbrian War, Cimbrian War - Migrations and conflicts, Cimbrian War - Triumph and disaster at the river Orange, Cimbrian War - Marius takes command, Cimbrian War - The annihilation of the Cimbri and Teutones, Cimbrian War - Aftermath

Read more here: » Cimbrian War: Encyclopedia II - Cimbrian War - Triumph and disaster at the river Orange

Arriving at Antioch from the west, visitors can see the Fortifications and structures of various periods. Architectural fragments of the City Gate by the main street are awaiting re-erection. The road through the gate passes the ruins of the Waterfall and turns to the right at the beginning of the Decumanus Maximus, which has been excavated recently. In this street, one can see the damaged drainage system and wear from the wheels of vehicles, and after passing the Theatre, one turns left i ...

See also:

Antioch Pisidia, Antioch Pisidia - Geography, Antioch Pisidia - History of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - Prehistory, Antioch Pisidia - Hellenistic age, Antioch Pisidia - Roman period, Antioch Pisidia - Early Christian-Byzantine period, Antioch Pisidia - Archaeology, Antioch Pisidia - Acropolis and fortifications, Antioch Pisidia - City plan, Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch, Antioch Pisidia - City gate, Antioch Pisidia - The waterfall, Antioch Pisidia - The theatre, Antioch Pisidia - Central church, Antioch Pisidia - Tiberia platea-Tiberius square, Antioch Pisidia - Propylon, Antioch Pisidia - Augusteum imperial sanctuary, Antioch Pisidia - Nympheum and water supply system, Antioch Pisidia - The bath, Antioch Pisidia - Stadium, Antioch Pisidia - The great basilica, Antioch Pisidia - The sanctuary of Men Askaenos, Antioch Pisidia - Yalvaç museum, Antioch Pisidia - The Pre-History Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Classical Hall, Antioch Pisidia - Ethnographic Hall, Antioch Pisidia - The Garden

Read more here: » Antioch Pisidia: Encyclopedia II - Antioch Pisidia - Tour of Antioch

See also Roman military structure. Military history of ancient Rome - Roman army. "The Roman Army" is the name given by English-speakers to the soldiers and other military forces who served the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. The Roman words for the military were often based on the word for one soldier, miles. The army in general was the militia, and a commander of military operations, magister militiae. In the republic, a general might be called imperator, "commander" (as in Caesar imperator), but un ...

See also:

Military history of ancient Rome, Military history of ancient Rome - Institutions, Military history of ancient Rome - Roman army, Military history of ancient Rome - Roman navy, Military history of ancient Rome - Events, Military history of ancient Rome - Patterns of Roman wars, Military history of ancient Rome - List of Roman wars

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However, in 103 BC, the Cimbri and their Proto-Germanic allies, the Teutons, had turned to Spain where they pillaged far and wide. During this time C. Marius had the time to prepare and, in 102 BC, he was ready to meet the Teutons and the Ambrones at the Rhône River. These two tribes intended to pass into Italy through the western passes, while the Cimbri and the Tigurines were to take the northern route across the Rhine an ...

See also:

Cimbri, Cimbri - Moving south-east, Cimbri - Invading Gaul, Cimbri - Attacking the Roman Republic, Cimbri - Defeat, Cimbri - Culture

Read more here: » Cimbri: Encyclopedia II - Cimbri - Defeat